2013 Edition of the OECD Environmental Database : Data for Israel

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2013 Edition of the OECD Environmental Database : Data for Israel

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Country	Israel
Time	1990	1991	1992	1993	1994	1995	1996	1997	1998	1999	2000	2001	2002	2003	2004	2005	2006	2007	2008	2009	2010
Time
Environmental indicator
Agricultural production	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..
Index of agricultural production, Index Number (2004-2006 = 100)	75	66	70	71	73	79	80	79	80	79	87	88	95	93	100	100	100	104	103	104	106
Index of crop production, Index Number (2004-2006 = 100)	95	74	79	78	76	91	92	88	93	88	86	86	93	88	102	100	99	99	92	99	100
Index of livestock production, Index Number (2004-2006 = 100)	57	60	62	65	69	69	70	71	68	72	87	90	96	97	99	100	101	108	113	109	111
Agricultural land use	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..
Agricultural land area [TOTAL], Hectares	579 000	578 000	577 000	577 000	579 000	573 000	564 000	563 000	562 000	559 000	566 000	561 000	563 000	551 000	513 500	514 500	508 800	518 100	515 600	522 600	..
Area of arable and permanent cropland, Hectares	431 000	433 000	432 000	432 000	434 000	428 000	419 000	419 000	419 000	418 000	424 000	426 000	433 000	420 000	380 500	380 500	372 800	381 100	377 000	382 600	..
Area of permanent pasture, Hectares	148 000	145 000	145 000	145 000	145 000	145 000	145 000	144 000	143 000	141 000	142 000	135 000	130 000	131 000	133 000	134 000	136 000	137 000	138 600	140 000	..
Area of other land, Hectares	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	..
Agricultural land area - shares [TOTAL=100],	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..
Share of arable and permanent cropland in agricultural land area, %	74.4	74.9	74.9	74.9	75	74.7	74.3	74.4	74.6	74.8	74.9	75.9	76.9	76.2	74.1	74	73.3	73.6	73.1	73.2	..
Share of permanent pasture in agricultural land area, %	25.6	25.1	25.1	25.1	25	25.3	25.7	25.6	25.4	25.2	25.1	24.1	23.1	23.8	25.9	26	26.7	26.4	26.9	26.8	..
Share of other land in agricultural land area, %	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	..
National land area, Hectares	2 164 000	2 164 000	2 164 000	2 164 000	2 164 000	2 164 000	2 164 000	2 164 000	2 164 000	2 164 000	2 164 000	2 164 000	2 164 000	2 164 000	2 164 000	2 164 000	2 164 000	2 164 000	2 164 000	2 164 000	2 164 000
Share of agricultural land area in the national land area, %	26.8	26.7	26.7	26.7	26.8	26.5	26.1	26	26	25.8	26.2	25.9	26	25.5	23.7	23.8	23.5	23.9	23.8	24.1	..
Organic farming	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..
Agricultural land area under certified organic farm management, Hectares	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	5 700	5 260	4 557	4 058	4 800	5 510	5 810	7 850
Share of agricultural land area under certified organic farm management, %	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	0	1	1	0.9	0.8	0.9	1.1	1.1	..
Transgenic crops	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..
Area of transgenic crops, Hectares	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..
Share of transgenic crops in arable and permanent crop area, %	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..
Nutrients	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..
Nitrogen balance, Tonne of nitrogen	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	58 771	50 159	51 053	55 934	59 141	54 770	54 040	66 223	54 279	44 686	39 118
Nitrogen inputs, Tonne of nitrogen	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..
Fertilizers, Tonne of nitrogen	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..
Livestock manure, Tonne of nitrogen	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..
Other inputs, Tonne of nitrogen	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..
Nitrogen outputs, Tonne of nitrogen	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..
Crops, Tonne of nitrogen	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..
Livestock, Tonne of nitrogen	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..
Total Crop Residues, Tonne of nitrogen	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..
Nitrogen balance per hectare of agricultural land, kilograms per hectare of total agricultural land	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	115.2	97.4	96.5	128.9	146.5	133.6	133.1	157.5	128.4	102.8	93.4
Phosphorous balance, Tonne of phosphorus	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	17 856	17 756	17 806	18 140	19 113	18 462	18 995	18 618	18 115	14 464	14 839
Phosphorous inputs, Tonne of phosphorus	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..
Fertilizers, Tonne of phosphorus	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..
Livestock manure, Tonne of phosphorus	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..
Other inputs, Tonne of phosphorus	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..
Phosphorous outputs, Tonne of phosphorus	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..
Crops, Tonne of phosphorus	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..
Livestock, Tonne of phosphorus	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..
Total Crop Residues, Tonne of phosphorus	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..
Phosphorous balance per hectare of agricultural land, kilograms per hectare of total agricultural land	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	35	34.5	33.7	41.8	47.3	45	46.8	44.3	42.8	33.3	35.4
Pesticides	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..
Pesticide sales in agriculture [TOTAL], Tonnes of active ingredients	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	2 247	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	7 332	6 666	6 839
Insecticide sales, Tonnes of active ingredients	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	618	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	1 273	1 002	1 172
Fungicide sales, Tonnes of active ingredients	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	814	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	2 181	2 114	2 103
Herbicide sales, Tonnes of active ingredients	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	712	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	1 081	1 398	1 241
Other pesticides sales, Tonnes of active ingredients	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	103	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	2 797	2 152	2 323
Energy consumption	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..
Direct on-farm energy consumption, 000 tonnes oil equivalent	81	86	95	99	102	113	123	120	128	134	140	143	139	144	146	146	151	159	157	145	142
Total national energy consumption, 000 tonnes oil equivalent	6 967	7 153	7 260	8 240	8 873	9 804	10 198	10 549	10 714	10 962	11 980	11 723	11 530	12 040	12 660	11 949	12 467	13 090	13 857	13 915	14 808
Share of agriculture in total national energy consumption, %	1.2	1.2	1.3	1.2	1.1	1.1	1.2	1.1	1.2	1.2	1.2	1.2	1.2	1.2	1.2	1.2	1.2	1.2	1.1	1	1
Biofuels	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..
Bioethanol production (million liter), million liter	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..
Bioethanol production (kilotonne of oil equivalent), Kilotonne of oil equivalent (ktoe)	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..
Biodiesel production (million liter), million liter	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..
Biodiesel production (kilotonne of oil equivalent), Kilotonne of oil equivalent (ktoe)	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..
Soil erosion	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..
Agricultural land classified as having moderate to severe water erosion risk, %	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..
Share of agricultural land classified as having moderate to severe water erosion risk, %	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..
Agricultural land classified as having moderate to severe wind erosion risk, %	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..
Share of agricultural land classified as having moderate to severe water wind risk, %	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..
Water resources	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..
Water use,	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..
Total agricultural water withdrawals, million m3	1 162	875	955	1 125	1 144	1 274	1 284	1 264	1 365	1 265	1 137	1 022	1 021	1 045	1 129	1 127	1 108	1 185	1 121	1 016	..
Total freshwater withdrawals, million m3	1 749	1 420	1 551	1 767	1 820	1 990	2 019	1 972	2 134	2 077	1 924	1 800	1 831	1 860	1 954	1 961	1 959	2 072	2 001	1 811	..
Share of agriculture in total freshwater withdrawals, %	66.4	61.6	61.6	63.7	62.8	64	63.6	64.1	64	60.9	59.1	56.8	55.7	56.2	57.8	57.4	56.5	57.2	56	56.1	..
Irrigation,	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..
Irrigated area, Hectares	205 700	181 400	187 100	191 900	195 700	194 300	192 400	194 300	198 500	192 100	182 500	230 200	182 000	236 000	211 000	236 000	154 000	200 000	200 000	..	..
Share of irrigated area in total agricultural area, %	35.5	31.4	32.4	33.3	33.8	33.9	34.1	34.5	35.3	34.4	32.2	41	32.3	42.8	41.1	45.9	30.3	38.6	38.8	..	..
Irrigation freshwater withdrawals, million m3	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..
Share of irrigation freshwater withdrawals in total agricultural water withdrawals, %	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..
Irrigation water application rates, Megalitres per hectare of irrigated land	5.6	4.8	5.1	5.9	5.8	6.6	6.7	6.5	6.9	6.6	6.2	4.4	5.6	4.4	5.4	4.8	7.2	5.9	5.6	..	..
Water quality	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..
Runoff and concentration in water bodies,	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..
Share of agriculture in total emissions of nitrates in surface water, %	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..
Share of agriculture in total emissions of phosphorous in surface water, %	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..
Share of agriculture in total emissions of nitrates in coastal water, %	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..
Share of agriculture in total emissions of phosphorous in coastal water, %	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..
Share of monitoring sites in agricultural areas where one or more pesticides are present in surface water, %	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..
Share of monitoring sites in agricultural areas where one or more pesticides are present in groundwater, %	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..
Drinking water limits,	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..
Share of monitoring sites in agricultural areas that exceed recommend drinking water limits for nitrates in surface water, %	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Share of monitoring sites in agricultural areas that exceed recommend drinking water limits for nitrates in groundwater, %	0.3	..	..	..	..	0.6	..	..	..	..	0.6	0.3	1.8	1	0.7	0.7	2.4	1	0.6	0.1	0.4
Share of monitoring sites in agricultural areas that exceed recommend drinking water limits for phosphorous in surface water, %	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..
Share of monitoring sites in agricultural areas that exceed recommend drinking water limits for phosphorous in groundwater, %	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..
Share of monitoring sites in agricultural areas that exceed recommended drinking water limits for pesticides in surface water, %	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..
Share of monitoring sites in agricultural areas that exceed recommended drinking water limits for pesticides in groundwater, %	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..
Ammonia	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..
Agricultural ammonia emissions, Tonnes	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	12 031	12 288	12 053	12 616	12 520	13 025	14 675	14 590	15 125	15 293	..
Total ammonia emissions, Tonnes	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	18 694	..
Agricultural share in total ammonia emissions, %	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	81.8	..
Share of ammonia in total emissions of acidifying pollutants, Tonnes acid equivalents	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	1 099.6	1 100
Greenhouse gas	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..
Agricultural gross greenhouse gas emissions [TOTAL], Tonnes of CO2 equivalent	..	..	..	..	..	..	2 680 705	..	..	..	2 580 872	..	..	2 333 774	2 387 438	2 429 660	2 546 648	2 639 474	2 572 343	2 483 415	..
CO2 emissions from agriculture, Tonnes of CO2 equivalent	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..
CH4 emissions from agriculture, Tonnes of CO2 equivalent	..	..	..	..	..	..	892 605	..	..	..	921 155	..	..	835 272	844 936	878 665	929 817	931 845	963 569	948 129	..
N2O emissions from agriculture, Tonnes of CO2 equivalent	..	..	..	..	..	..	1 181 100	..	..	..	1 301 244	..	..	1 377 992	1 427 000	1 428 794	1 496 024	1 599 011	1 496 647	1 423 246	..
Other greenhouse gas emissions from agriculture, Tonnes of CO2 equivalent	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..
Agricultural gross greenhouse gas emissions - shares [TOTAL=100],	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..
Share of CO2 in total emissions from agriculture, %	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..
Share of CH4 in total emissions from agriculture, %	..	..	..	..	..	..	33.3	..	..	..	35.7	..	..	35.8	35.4	36.2	36.5	35.3	37.5	38.2	..
Share of N2O in total emissions from agriculture, %	..	..	..	..	..	..	44.1	..	..	..	50.4	..	..	59	59.8	58.8	58.7	60.6	58.2	57.3	..
Share of other greenhouse gas emissions from agriculture, %	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..
National total GHG emissions [TOTAL], Tonnes of CO2 equivalent	..	..	..	..	..	..	62 704 570	..	..	..	72 438 719	..	..	72 135 442	72 691 123	73 296 065	74 641 643	76 853 757	77 920 957	74 171 715	..
Total national CO2 emissions, Tonnes of CO2 equivalent	..	..	..	..	..	..	51 492 000	..	..	..	60 794 826	..	..	63 554 453	63 612 195	63 633 697	64 681 378	66 659 703	66 105 095	63 412 183	..
Total national CH4 emissions, Tonnes of CO2 equivalent	..	..	..	..	..	..	8 945 370	..	..	..	9 225 582	..	..	5 689 015	6 067 908	6 533 665	6 782 202	6 842 900	6 847 349	6 896 699	..
Total national N2O emissions, Tonnes of CO2 equivalent	..	..	..	..	..	..	1 897 200	..	..	..	2 205 645	..	..	2 605 697	2 735 085	2 736 764	2 767 475	2 950 114	2 797 262	2 573 151	..
Total national emissions of other greenhouse gas, Tonnes of CO2 equivalent	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	1 804 620	985 260	..
National total GHG emissions - shares [TOTAL=100],	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..
Share of CO2 in total national GHG emissions, %	..	..	..	..	..	..	82.1	..	..	..	83.9	..	..	88.1	87.5	86.8	86.7	86.7	84.8	85.5	..
Share of CH4 in total national GHG emissions, %	..	..	..	..	..	..	14.3	..	..	..	12.7	..	..	7.9	8.3	8.9	9.1	8.9	8.8	9.3	..
Share of N2O in total national GHG emissions, %	..	..	..	..	..	..	3	..	..	..	3	..	..	3.6	3.8	3.7	3.7	3.8	3.6	3.5	..

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2013 Edition of the OECD Environmental Database : Data for Israel

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