Source
Source Contact person/organisation Contact person/organisation Data source(s) used Data source(s) usedJoint OECD-Eurostat international data collection on resources devoted to RD
Data Characteristics Data Characteristics Date last updated Date last updated16 October 2023
Other data characteristics Other data characteristicsThe R&D data used in this publication have been collected and presented in line with the standard OECD methodology for R&D statistics as laid out in the OECD “Frascati Manual” (see http//oe.cd/Frascati). The 2002 edition of the manual has now been superseded by the 2015 edition. The revised guidelines and definitions are in the course of being implemented and are not expected to change the main indicators significantly although some terminology changes will occur. This edition of RDS has been compiled in accordance with the 2015 Frascati Manual, some countries may still be following the 2002 edition for certain series or datapoints.
Reference period Reference period1981 onward.
Unit of measure used Unit of measure usedData are provided in million national currency (for the euro zone, pre-EMU euro or EUR), million current PPP USD and million constant USD (2015 prices and PPPs).
Variables collected Variables collectedThis table presents research and development (R&D) expenditure statistics. Data include gross domestic R&D expenditure by sector of performance (business enterprise, government, higher education, private non-profit, and total intramural) and by type of costs (current expenditures and capital expenditures).
Population & Scope Population & Scope Geographic coverage Geographic coverageOECD COUNTRIES :
Australia, Austria, Belgium, Canada, Chile, the Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Israel, Italy, Japan, Korea, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Mexico, the Netherlands, New Zealand, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Slovak Republic, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Turkey, the United Kingdom, and the United States.
NON-MEMBER ECONOMIES :
Argentina, China, Romania, Russian Federation, Singapore, South Africa, and Chinese Taipei.
Joint OECD-Eurostat international data collection on resources devoted to RD
Data are provided in million national currency (for the euro zone, pre-EMU euro or EUR), million current PPP USD and million constant USD (2015 prices and PPPs).
This table presents research and development (R&D) expenditure statistics. Data include gross domestic R&D expenditure by sector of performance (business enterprise, government, higher education, private non-profit, and total intramural) and by type of costs (current expenditures and capital expenditures).
1981 onward.
16 October 2023
The R&D data used in this publication have been collected and presented in line with the standard OECD methodology for R&D statistics as laid out in the OECD “Frascati Manual” (see http//oe.cd/Frascati). The 2002 edition of the manual has now been superseded by the 2015 edition. The revised guidelines and definitions are in the course of being implemented and are not expected to change the main indicators significantly although some terminology changes will occur. This edition of RDS has been compiled in accordance with the 2015 Frascati Manual, some countries may still be following the 2002 edition for certain series or datapoints.
OECD COUNTRIES :
Australia, Austria, Belgium, Canada, Chile, the Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Israel, Italy, Japan, Korea, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Mexico, the Netherlands, New Zealand, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Slovak Republic, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Turkey, the United Kingdom, and the United States.
NON-MEMBER ECONOMIES :
Argentina, China, Romania, Russian Federation, Singapore, South Africa, and Chinese Taipei.