Prior to 1969, data are average of the population of the beginning and the end of the year. Data for 1969 are census results ( 6th June). From 1970 annual data are average of the 12 months of the year.

Prior to 1969, data are average of the population of the beginning and the end of the year. Data for 1969 are census results ( 6th June). From 1970 annual data are average of the 12 months of the year.

Prior to 1969, data are average of the population of the beginning and the end of the year. Data for 1969 are census results ( 6th June). From 1970 annual data are average of the 12 months of the year.

Prior to 1969, data are average of the population of the beginning and the end of the year. Data for 1969 are census results ( 6th June). From 1970 annual data are average of the 12 months of the year.

Prior to 1969, data are average of the population of the beginning and the end of the year. Data for 1969 are census results ( 6th June). From 1970 annual data are average of the 12 months of the year.

Prior to 1969, data are average of the population of the beginning and the end of the year. Data for 1969 are census results ( 6th June). From 1970 annual data are average of the 12 months of the year.

Prior to 1969, data are average of the population of the beginning and the end of the year. Data for 1969 are census results ( 6th June). From 1970 annual data are average of the 12 months of the year.

Data refer to all persons aged 15 years and over, living in private households, that is, they exclude persons living in collective and institutional accommodation establishments as well as conscripts on compulsory community or military service.

Data refer to all persons aged 15 years and over, living in private households, that is, they exclude persons living in collective and institutional accommodation establishments as well as conscripts on compulsory community or military service.

Data refer to all persons aged 15 years and over, living in private households, that is, they exclude persons living in collective and institutional accommodation establishments as well as conscripts on compulsory community or military service.

Data refer to all persons aged 15 years and over, living in private households, that is, they exclude persons living in collective and institutional accommodation establishments as well as conscripts on compulsory community or military service.

Data refer to all persons aged 15 years and over, living in private households, that is, they exclude persons living in collective and institutional accommodation establishments as well as conscripts on compulsory community or military service.

Data refer to all persons aged 15 years and over, living in private households, that is, they exclude persons living in collective and institutional accommodation establishments as well as conscripts on compulsory community or military service.

Data refer to all persons aged 15 years and over, living in private households, that is, they exclude persons living in collective and institutional accommodation establishments as well as conscripts on compulsory community or military service.

These percentages only take into account those persons for whom the duration of unemployment is known.

These percentages only take into account those persons for whom the duration of unemployment is known.

These percentages only take into account those persons for whom the duration of unemployment is known.

These percentages only take into account those persons for whom the duration of unemployment is known.

These percentages only take into account those persons for whom the duration of unemployment is known.

These percentages only take into account those persons for whom the duration of unemployment is known.

These percentages only take into account those persons for whom the duration of unemployment is known.

Data include only persons declaring usual hours worked.

Data include only persons declaring usual hours worked.

Data include only persons declaring usual hours worked.

Data include only persons declaring usual hours worked.

Data include only persons declaring usual hours worked.

Data include only persons declaring usual hours worked.

Data include only persons declaring usual hours worked.

Data refer to the resident population (de jure).

Data refer to the resident population (de jure).

Data refer to the resident population (de jure).

Data refer to the resident population (de jure).

Data refer to the resident population (de jure).

Data refer to the resident population (de jure).

Data refer to the resident population (de jure).

Data refer to all persons aged 15 years and over, living in private households, that is, they exclude persons living in collective and institutional accommodation establishments as well as conscripts on compulsory community or military service.

Data refer to all persons aged 15 years and over, living in private households, that is, they exclude persons living in collective and institutional accommodation establishments as well as conscripts on compulsory community or military service.

Data refer to all persons aged 15 years and over, living in private households, that is, they exclude persons living in collective and institutional accommodation establishments as well as conscripts on compulsory community or military service.

Data refer to all persons aged 15 years and over, living in private households, that is, they exclude persons living in collective and institutional accommodation establishments as well as conscripts on compulsory community or military service.

Data refer to all persons aged 15 years and over, living in private households, that is, they exclude persons living in collective and institutional accommodation establishments as well as conscripts on compulsory community or military service.

Data refer to all persons aged 15 years and over, living in private households, that is, they exclude persons living in collective and institutional accommodation establishments as well as conscripts on compulsory community or military service.

Data refer to all persons aged 15 years and over, living in private households, that is, they exclude persons living in collective and institutional accommodation establishments as well as conscripts on compulsory community or military service.

Data refer to the shorter of the following two periods: the duration of search for work, or the length of time since last employment.

Data refer to the shorter of the following two periods: the duration of search for work, or the length of time since last employment.

Data refer to the shorter of the following two periods: the duration of search for work, or the length of time since last employment.

Data refer to the shorter of the following two periods: the duration of search for work, or the length of time since last employment.

Data refer to the shorter of the following two periods: the duration of search for work, or the length of time since last employment.

Data refer to the shorter of the following two periods: the duration of search for work, or the length of time since last employment.

Data refer to the shorter of the following two periods: the duration of search for work, or the length of time since last employment.

Data are Microcensus population estimates and include collective households.

Data are Microcensus population estimates and include collective households.

Data are Microcensus population estimates and include collective households.

Data are Microcensus population estimates and include collective households.

Data are Microcensus population estimates and include collective households.

Data are Microcensus population estimates and include collective households.

Data are Microcensus population estimates and include collective households.

Part-time employment refers to persons who work less than 30 hours per week in their main job. Data include only persons declaring usual hours worked. The number of hours given here corresponds to the number of hours usually worked. This covers all hours including extra hours, either paid or unpaid, which the person normally works, but excludes travel time between the home and the place of work as well as the main meal breaks. Persons who usually also work at home are asked to include the number of hours they usually work at home. Apprentices, trainees and other persons in vocational training are asked to exclude time spent in school or other special training centres.

Part-time employment refers to persons who work less than 30 hours per week in their main job. Data include only persons declaring usual hours worked. The number of hours given here corresponds to the number of hours usually worked. This covers all hours including extra hours, either paid or unpaid, which the person normally works, but excludes travel time between the home and the place of work as well as the main meal breaks. Persons who usually also work at home are asked to include the number of hours they usually work at home. Apprentices, trainees and other persons in vocational training are asked to exclude time spent in school or other special training centres.

Part-time employment refers to persons who work less than 30 hours per week in their main job. Data include only persons declaring usual hours worked. The number of hours given here corresponds to the number of hours usually worked. This covers all hours including extra hours, either paid or unpaid, which the person normally works, but excludes travel time between the home and the place of work as well as the main meal breaks. Persons who usually also work at home are asked to include the number of hours they usually work at home. Apprentices, trainees and other persons in vocational training are asked to exclude time spent in school or other special training centres.

Part-time employment refers to persons who work less than 30 hours per week in their main job. Data include only persons declaring usual hours worked. The number of hours given here corresponds to the number of hours usually worked. This covers all hours including extra hours, either paid or unpaid, which the person normally works, but excludes travel time between the home and the place of work as well as the main meal breaks. Persons who usually also work at home are asked to include the number of hours they usually work at home. Apprentices, trainees and other persons in vocational training are asked to exclude time spent in school or other special training centres.

Part-time employment refers to persons who work less than 30 hours per week in their main job. Data include only persons declaring usual hours worked. The number of hours given here corresponds to the number of hours usually worked. This covers all hours including extra hours, either paid or unpaid, which the person normally works, but excludes travel time between the home and the place of work as well as the main meal breaks. Persons who usually also work at home are asked to include the number of hours they usually work at home. Apprentices, trainees and other persons in vocational training are asked to exclude time spent in school or other special training centres.

Part-time employment refers to persons who work less than 30 hours per week in their main job. Data include only persons declaring usual hours worked. The number of hours given here corresponds to the number of hours usually worked. This covers all hours including extra hours, either paid or unpaid, which the person normally works, but excludes travel time between the home and the place of work as well as the main meal breaks. Persons who usually also work at home are asked to include the number of hours they usually work at home. Apprentices, trainees and other persons in vocational training are asked to exclude time spent in school or other special training centres.

Part-time employment refers to persons who work less than 30 hours per week in their main job. Data include only persons declaring usual hours worked. The number of hours given here corresponds to the number of hours usually worked. This covers all hours including extra hours, either paid or unpaid, which the person normally works, but excludes travel time between the home and the place of work as well as the main meal breaks. Persons who usually also work at home are asked to include the number of hours they usually work at home. Apprentices, trainees and other persons in vocational training are asked to exclude time spent in school or other special training centres.

Data refer to the number of persons who, during the reference week, were in paid employment or self-employed.

Data refer to the number of persons who, during the reference week, were in paid employment or self-employed.

Data refer to the number of persons who, during the reference week, were in paid employment or self-employed.

Data refer to the number of persons who, during the reference week, were in paid employment or self-employed.

Data refer to the number of persons who, during the reference week, were in paid employment or self-employed.

Data refer to the number of persons who, during the reference week, were in paid employment or self-employed.

Data refer to the number of persons who, during the reference week, were in paid employment or self-employed.

Data refer to the number of persons who, during the reference week, were without work, currently available for work, and seeking work.

Data refer to the number of persons who, during the reference week, were without work, currently available for work, and seeking work.

Data refer to the number of persons who, during the reference week, were without work, currently available for work, and seeking work.

Data refer to the number of persons who, during the reference week, were without work, currently available for work, and seeking work.

Data refer to the number of persons who, during the reference week, were without work, currently available for work, and seeking work.

Data refer to the number of persons who, during the reference week, were without work, currently available for work, and seeking work.

Data refer to the number of persons who, during the reference week, were without work, currently available for work, and seeking work.

Germany (code DEU) was created 3 October 1990 by the accession of the Democratic Republic of Germany (code DDR) to the then Federal Republic of Germany (code DEW).

Data broken down by activity in ISIC Rev. 2 and Rev. 3 (civilian employment and employees) have not been revised nor updated due to the introduction of ISIC Rev. 4.

Data broken down by activity in ISIC Rev. 2 and Rev. 3 (civilian employment and employees) have not been revised nor updated due to the introduction of ISIC Rev. 4.

Data broken down by activity in ISIC Rev. 2 and Rev. 3 (civilian employment and employees) have not been revised nor updated due to the introduction of ISIC Rev. 4.

Data broken down by activity in ISIC Rev. 2 and Rev. 3 (civilian employment and employees) have not been revised nor updated due to the introduction of ISIC Rev. 4.

Data broken down by activity in ISIC Rev. 2 and Rev. 3 (civilian employment and employees) have not been revised nor updated due to the introduction of ISIC Rev. 4.

Data broken down by activity in ISIC Rev. 2 and Rev. 3 (civilian employment and employees) have not been revised nor updated due to the introduction of ISIC Rev. 4.

Data broken down by activity in ISIC Rev. 2 and Rev. 3 (civilian employment and employees) have not been revised nor updated due to the introduction of ISIC Rev. 4.

Series breaks: From 1991 onwards data for unified Germany are available

Series breaks: From 1991 onwards data for unified Germany are available

Series breaks: From 1991 onwards data for unified Germany are available

Series breaks: From 1991 onwards data for unified Germany are available

Series breaks: From 1991 onwards data for unified Germany are available

Series breaks: From 1991 onwards data for unified Germany are available

Series breaks: From 1991 onwards data for unified Germany are available

Series breaks: From 2005 onwards the Microcensus is carried out as a continuous survey. This leads to a break in series.

From 1984, annual average figures are consistent in terms of methodology and contents with the results of the annual European Labour Force Survey based on the national Microcensus. Prior to 1984, annual data for the labour force are averages of monthly and annual estimates supplied by German authorities.

From 1999, the data have been calculated using an improved method of calculation and only refer to private households (Eurostat definition). Prior to 1999, persons living in collective and institutional accommodation, conscripts on compulsory community or military service are included (excluding those living in military barracks).

Estimates of the total labour force have been revised from 1987 onwards, based on census results, and show a break between 1986 and 1987. From referenceyear 2011 onwards the results of the labour force survey have been newly extrapolated regarding the results of the census 2011. Therefor all results for the years 2011, 2012 and 2013 had to be revised compared to earlier data-transmissions.

Series breaks: From 2005 onwards the Microcensus is carried out as a continuous survey. This leads to a break in series.

From 1984, annual average figures are consistent in terms of methodology and contents with the results of the annual European Labour Force Survey based on the national Microcensus. Prior to 1984, annual data for the labour force are averages of monthly and annual estimates supplied by German authorities.

From 1999, the data have been calculated using an improved method of calculation and only refer to private households (Eurostat definition). Prior to 1999, persons living in collective and institutional accommodation, conscripts on compulsory community or military service are included (excluding those living in military barracks).

Estimates of the total labour force have been revised from 1987 onwards, based on census results, and show a break between 1986 and 1987. From referenceyear 2011 onwards the results of the labour force survey have been newly extrapolated regarding the results of the census 2011. Therefor all results for the years 2011, 2012 and 2013 had to be revised compared to earlier data-transmissions.

Series breaks: From 2005 onwards the Microcensus is carried out as a continuous survey. This leads to a break in series.

From 1984, annual average figures are consistent in terms of methodology and contents with the results of the annual European Labour Force Survey based on the national Microcensus. Prior to 1984, annual data for the labour force are averages of monthly and annual estimates supplied by German authorities.

From 1999, the data have been calculated using an improved method of calculation and only refer to private households (Eurostat definition). Prior to 1999, persons living in collective and institutional accommodation, conscripts on compulsory community or military service are included (excluding those living in military barracks).

Estimates of the total labour force have been revised from 1987 onwards, based on census results, and show a break between 1986 and 1987. From referenceyear 2011 onwards the results of the labour force survey have been newly extrapolated regarding the results of the census 2011. Therefor all results for the years 2011, 2012 and 2013 had to be revised compared to earlier data-transmissions.

Series breaks: From 2005 onwards the Microcensus is carried out as a continuous survey. This leads to a break in series.

From 1984, annual average figures are consistent in terms of methodology and contents with the results of the annual European Labour Force Survey based on the national Microcensus. Prior to 1984, annual data for the labour force are averages of monthly and annual estimates supplied by German authorities.

From 1999, the data have been calculated using an improved method of calculation and only refer to private households (Eurostat definition). Prior to 1999, persons living in collective and institutional accommodation, conscripts on compulsory community or military service are included (excluding those living in military barracks).

Estimates of the total labour force have been revised from 1987 onwards, based on census results, and show a break between 1986 and 1987. From referenceyear 2011 onwards the results of the labour force survey have been newly extrapolated regarding the results of the census 2011. Therefor all results for the years 2011, 2012 and 2013 had to be revised compared to earlier data-transmissions.

Series breaks: From 2005 onwards the Microcensus is carried out as a continuous survey. This leads to a break in series.

From 1984, annual average figures are consistent in terms of methodology and contents with the results of the annual European Labour Force Survey based on the national Microcensus. Prior to 1984, annual data for the labour force are averages of monthly and annual estimates supplied by German authorities.

From 1999, the data have been calculated using an improved method of calculation and only refer to private households (Eurostat definition). Prior to 1999, persons living in collective and institutional accommodation, conscripts on compulsory community or military service are included (excluding those living in military barracks).

Estimates of the total labour force have been revised from 1987 onwards, based on census results, and show a break between 1986 and 1987. From referenceyear 2011 onwards the results of the labour force survey have been newly extrapolated regarding the results of the census 2011. Therefor all results for the years 2011, 2012 and 2013 had to be revised compared to earlier data-transmissions.

Series breaks: From 2005 onwards the Microcensus is carried out as a continuous survey. This leads to a break in series.

From 1984, annual average figures are consistent in terms of methodology and contents with the results of the annual European Labour Force Survey based on the national Microcensus. Prior to 1984, annual data for the labour force are averages of monthly and annual estimates supplied by German authorities.

From 1999, the data have been calculated using an improved method of calculation and only refer to private households (Eurostat definition). Prior to 1999, persons living in collective and institutional accommodation, conscripts on compulsory community or military service are included (excluding those living in military barracks).

Estimates of the total labour force have been revised from 1987 onwards, based on census results, and show a break between 1986 and 1987. From referenceyear 2011 onwards the results of the labour force survey have been newly extrapolated regarding the results of the census 2011. Therefor all results for the years 2011, 2012 and 2013 had to be revised compared to earlier data-transmissions.

Series breaks: From 2005 onwards the Microcensus is carried out as a continuous survey. This leads to a break in series.

From 1984, annual average figures are consistent in terms of methodology and contents with the results of the annual European Labour Force Survey based on the national Microcensus. Prior to 1984, annual data for the labour force are averages of monthly and annual estimates supplied by German authorities.

From 1999, the data have been calculated using an improved method of calculation and only refer to private households (Eurostat definition). Prior to 1999, persons living in collective and institutional accommodation, conscripts on compulsory community or military service are included (excluding those living in military barracks).

Estimates of the total labour force have been revised from 1987 onwards, based on census results, and show a break between 1986 and 1987. From referenceyear 2011 onwards the results of the labour force survey have been newly extrapolated regarding the results of the census 2011. Therefor all results for the years 2011, 2012 and 2013 had to be revised compared to earlier data-transmissions.

Series breaks: From 2005 onwards the Microcensus is carried out as a continuous survey. This leads to a break in series.

From 1984, annual average figures are consistent in terms of methodology and contents with the results of the annual European Labour Force Survey based on the national Microcensus. Prior to 1984, annual data for the labour force are averages of monthly and annual estimates supplied by German authorities.

From 1999, the data have been calculated using an improved method of calculation and only refer to private households (Eurostat definition). Prior to 1999, persons living in collective and institutional accommodation, conscripts on compulsory community or military service are included (excluding those living in military barracks).

Estimates of the total labour force have been revised from 1987 onwards, based on census results, and show a break between 1986 and 1987.
From reference year 2011 onwards, the results of the labour force survey have been weighted using population estimates based on the results of the census 2011. Therefore the results for the years 2011, 2012 and 2013 had to be revised compared to earlier data transmissions and may be not fully comparable with previous years.

Series breaks: From 2005 onwards the Microcensus is carried out as a continuous survey. This leads to a break in series.

From 1984, annual average figures are consistent in terms of methodology and contents with the results of the annual European Labour Force Survey based on the national Microcensus. Prior to 1984, annual data for the labour force are averages of monthly and annual estimates supplied by German authorities.

From 1999, the data have been calculated using an improved method of calculation and only refer to private households (Eurostat definition). Prior to 1999, persons living in collective and institutional accommodation, conscripts on compulsory community or military service are included (excluding those living in military barracks).

Estimates of the total labour force have been revised from 1987 onwards, based on census results, and show a break between 1986 and 1987.
From reference year 2011 onwards, the results of the labour force survey have been weighted using population estimates based on the results of the census 2011. Therefore the results for the years 2011, 2012 and 2013 had to be revised compared to earlier data transmissions and may be not fully comparable with previous years.

Series breaks: From 2005 onwards the Microcensus is carried out as a continuous survey. This leads to a break in series.

From 1984, annual average figures are consistent in terms of methodology and contents with the results of the annual European Labour Force Survey based on the national Microcensus. Prior to 1984, annual data for the labour force are averages of monthly and annual estimates supplied by German authorities.

From 1999, the data have been calculated using an improved method of calculation and only refer to private households (Eurostat definition). Prior to 1999, persons living in collective and institutional accommodation, conscripts on compulsory community or military service are included (excluding those living in military barracks).

Estimates of the total labour force have been revised from 1987 onwards, based on census results, and show a break between 1986 and 1987.
From reference year 2011 onwards, the results of the labour force survey have been weighted using population estimates based on the results of the census 2011. Therefore the results for the years 2011, 2012 and 2013 had to be revised compared to earlier data transmissions and may be not fully comparable with previous years.

Series breaks: From 2005 onwards the Microcensus is carried out as a continuous survey. This leads to a break in series.

From 1984, annual average figures are consistent in terms of methodology and contents with the results of the annual European Labour Force Survey based on the national Microcensus. Prior to 1984, annual data for the labour force are averages of monthly and annual estimates supplied by German authorities.

From 1999, the data have been calculated using an improved method of calculation and only refer to private households (Eurostat definition). Prior to 1999, persons living in collective and institutional accommodation, conscripts on compulsory community or military service are included (excluding those living in military barracks).

Estimates of the total labour force have been revised from 1987 onwards, based on census results, and show a break between 1986 and 1987.
From reference year 2011 onwards, the results of the labour force survey have been weighted using population estimates based on the results of the census 2011. Therefore the results for the years 2011, 2012 and 2013 had to be revised compared to earlier data transmissions and may be not fully comparable with previous years.

Series breaks: From 2005 onwards the Microcensus is carried out as a continuous survey. This leads to a break in series.

From 1984, annual average figures are consistent in terms of methodology and contents with the results of the annual European Labour Force Survey based on the national Microcensus. Prior to 1984, annual data for the labour force are averages of monthly and annual estimates supplied by German authorities.

From 1999, the data have been calculated using an improved method of calculation and only refer to private households (Eurostat definition). Prior to 1999, persons living in collective and institutional accommodation, conscripts on compulsory community or military service are included (excluding those living in military barracks).

Estimates of the total labour force have been revised from 1987 onwards, based on census results, and show a break between 1986 and 1987.
From reference year 2011 onwards, the results of the labour force survey have been weighted using population estimates based on the results of the census 2011. Therefore the results for the years 2011, 2012 and 2013 had to be revised compared to earlier data transmissions and may be not fully comparable with previous years.

Series breaks: From 2005 onwards the Microcensus is carried out as a continuous survey. This leads to a break in series.

From 1984, annual average figures are consistent in terms of methodology and contents with the results of the annual European Labour Force Survey based on the national Microcensus. Prior to 1984, annual data for the labour force are averages of monthly and annual estimates supplied by German authorities.

From 1999, the data have been calculated using an improved method of calculation and only refer to private households (Eurostat definition). Prior to 1999, persons living in collective and institutional accommodation, conscripts on compulsory community or military service are included (excluding those living in military barracks).

Estimates of the total labour force have been revised from 1987 onwards, based on census results, and show a break between 1986 and 1987.
From reference year 2011 onwards, the results of the labour force survey have been weighted using population estimates based on the results of the census 2011. Therefore the results for the years 2011, 2012 and 2013 had to be revised compared to earlier data transmissions and may be not fully comparable with previous years.

Series breaks: From 2005 onwards the Microcensus is carried out as a continuous survey. This leads to a break in series.

From 1984, annual average figures are consistent in terms of methodology and contents with the results of the annual European Labour Force Survey based on the national Microcensus. Prior to 1984, annual data for the labour force are averages of monthly and annual estimates supplied by German authorities.

From 1999, the data have been calculated using an improved method of calculation and only refer to private households (Eurostat definition). Prior to 1999, persons living in collective and institutional accommodation, conscripts on compulsory community or military service are included (excluding those living in military barracks).

Estimates of the total labour force have been revised from 1987 onwards, based on census results, and show a break between 1986 and 1987.
From reference year 2011 onwards, the results of the labour force survey have been weighted using population estimates based on the results of the census 2011. Therefore the results for the years 2011, 2012 and 2013 had to be revised compared to earlier data transmissions and may be not fully comparable with previous years.