External sectors, trade and payments | Balance of income, value in USD, balance of payments basis | | -1 085 486 169.146 | -1 505 692 803.410 | -995 298 239.144 | -776 190 258.284 | -729 203 725.624 | -710 771 607.885 | -460 642 812.701 | -675 271 460.997 | -778 726 871.715 |
Current account balance, value in USD | | -1 997 175 068.316 | -2 982 752 840.602 | -218 676 872.622 | -62 399 612.072 | 205 122 552.323 | 1 485 057 988.465 | 2 770 786 229.893 | 2 952 963 386.025 | 3 387 994 826.333 |
Current account balance, as a percentage of GDP | | -4.165 | -5.446 | -0.487 | -0.141 | 0.404 | 3.282 | 6.014 | 6.191 | 7.050 |
Competitiveness indicator, relative consumer prices (CPI), overall weights | | 101.562 | 103.934 | 105.496 | 101.914 | 100.912 | 99.154 | 100.850 | 101.983 | 101.983 |
Contribution to world trade volume, goods and services expressed in USD, 2005 prices | | 0.005 | -0.003 | -0.004 | 0.003 | 0.002 | -0.001 | 0.001 | 0.001 | 0.001 |
Nominal effective exchange rate, chain-linked, overall weights | | 100.698 | 101.606 | 103.723 | 100.615 | 101.066 | 99.547 | 101.309 | 102.336 | 102.336 |
Exchange rate, National currency per USD | | 0.730 | 0.684 | 0.720 | 0.755 | 0.719 | 0.778 | 0.751 | 0.725 | 0.725 |
Net exports of goods and services, value, National Accounts basis, USD | | -829 273 467.786 | -1 399 491 165.085 | 1 057 181 557.969 | 700 423 128.654 | 772 398 810.891 | 2 182 835 291.841 | 2 887 245 448.508 | 3 697 205 120.835 | 4 304 662 245.672 |
Imports of goods and services, volume, USD, 2005 prices | | 29 228 081 358.245 | 30 305 621 343.048 | 24 495 342 329.055 | 26 316 863 513.980 | 27 777 968 661.884 | 26 472 760 015.862 | 26 368 740 098.750 | 26 509 150 555.254 | 27 193 381 994.111 |
Share of value imports of good and services in world imports, USD | | 0.202 | 0.200 | 0.184 | 0.168 | 0.167 | 0.149 | 0.150 | 0.148 | 0.144 |
Net current international transfers, value, balance of payments basis, USD | | -343 084 892.380 | -396 951 250.292 | -234 492 929.176 | 116 800 200.080 | 211 279 437.603 | 24 870 982.370 | -33 302 051.681 | -68 970 273.812 | -137 940 547.624 |
Goods and services trade volume, USD, 2005 prices | | 28 815 484 586.633 | 29 921 337 261.811 | 24 643 343 807.718 | 26 815 998 613.579 | 28 498 765 386.144 | 27 932 915 916.069 | 28 118 125 949.087 | 28 654 328 985.672 | 29 717 321 212.682 |
Competitiveness indicator, relative unit labour costs, overall economy | | 100.572 | 102.571 | 108.481 | 104.288 | 101.603 | 97.722 | 97.407 | 97.976 | 97.976 |
Exports of goods and services, volume, USD, 2005 prices | | 28 402 887 815.021 | 29 537 053 180.574 | 24 791 345 286.380 | 27 315 133 713.178 | 29 219 562 110.404 | 29 393 071 816.277 | 29 867 511 799.425 | 30 799 507 416.090 | 32 241 260 431.252 |
Export market for goods and services, volume, USD, 2005 prices | | 25 974 249 344.985 | 26 886 752 401.899 | 23 650 281 184.475 | 26 291 053 362.020 | 28 067 802 015.056 | 28 467 033 629.978 | 28 916 256 785.682 | 30 065 032 835.518 | 31 619 385 813.006 |
Export performance for goods and services, volume | | 1.094 | 1.099 | 1.048 | 1.039 | 1.041 | 1.033 | 1.033 | 1.024 | 1.020 |
Share of value exports of good and services in world exports expressed in USD | | 0.191 | 0.188 | 0.185 | 0.167 | 0.166 | 0.154 | 0.157 | 0.158 | 0.156 |
Government accounts | Gross public debt, Maastricht criterion, as a percentage of GDP | | 23.070 | 21.963 | 35.178 | 38.726 | 47.071 | 54.374 | 63.097 | 70.534 | 74.709 |
General government gross financial liabilities, as a percentage of GDP | | 29.401 | 28.920 | 43.334 | 47.581 | 51.237 | 61.588 | 70.310 | 77.747 | 81.922 |
General government net financial liabilities, as a percentage of GDP | | -18.284 | -6.473 | -1.135 | -0.400 | 2.149 | 8.098 | 16.820 | 24.257 | 28.432 |
Net government interest payments, as a percentage of GDP | | 1.042 | 0.745 | 1.094 | 1.175 | 1.416 | 1.773 | 2.036 | 2.354 | 2.520 |
Government net lending, as a percentage of GDP | | -0.046 | -1.886 | -6.344 | -5.861 | -6.329 | -3.835 | -7.095 | -5.925 | -2.893 |
Total disbursements, general government, as a percentage of GDP | | 42.276 | 44.060 | 48.659 | 49.448 | 49.921 | 48.061 | 50.772 | 52.048 | 49.073 |
Total receipts general government, as a percentage of GDP | | 42.231 | 42.173 | 42.315 | 43.587 | 43.592 | 44.226 | 43.677 | 46.123 | 46.179 |
Expenditure and GDP | Government final consumption expenditure, volume | | 4 259 559 279.103 | 4 510 573 434.544 | 4 623 924 101.427 | 4 685 087 060.167 | 4 611 686 680.156 | 4 553 087 240.368 | 4 425 600 797.638 | 4 345 882 717.310 | 4 321 913 698.924 |
Private final consumption expenditure, volume | | 13 290 598 048.217 | 13 599 940 365.858 | 13 580 972 187.378 | 13 780 475 509.203 | 13 896 958 330.590 | 13 234 590 370.340 | 12 751 936 455.780 | 12 308 646 938.129 | 12 162 834 854.811 |
Gross domestic product, value, market prices | | 34 593 646 907.381 | 37 244 436 907.415 | 35 420 188 550.871 | 35 484 552 424.174 | 36 149 956 329.247 | 35 318 611 442.011 | 34 651 987 793.828 | 34 576 372 231.954 | 34 837 846 286.584 |
Gross domestic product, volume, market prices | | 25 108 923 667.809 | 25 958 431 392.370 | 23 896 561 772.638 | 24 197 287 679.378 | 24 368 812 459.922 | 23 749 096 964.886 | 23 208 379 539.246 | 22 991 442 431.501 | 23 135 991 380.586 |
Gross fixed capital formation, housing, volume | | 971 133 557.026 | 1 091 633 501.704 | 867 427 976.087 | 690 412 775.306 | 604 754 635.837 | 571 546 399.847 | 512 996 228.435 | 510 071 107.895 | 513 277 963.786 |
Gross fixed capital formation, total, volume | | 7 197 852 137.140 | 7 707 513 728.019 | 5 874 296 818.603 | 4 978 462 812.781 | 4 706 390 878.481 | 4 321 883 448.397 | 4 151 762 779.647 | 3 978 287 263.508 | 3 857 099 373.934 |
Total domestic expenditure, volume | | 25 767 300 000.000 | 26 609 500 000.000 | 23 875 700 000.000 | 23 744 100 000.000 | 23 675 700 000.000 | 22 160 400 000.000 | 21 237 399 789.712 | 20 593 230 860.646 | 20 303 570 342.142 |
Selected variables: ready-made growth rates | Government final consumption expenditure growth (volume) | | 0.648 | 5.893 | 2.513 | 1.323 | -1.567 | -1.271 | -2.800 | -1.801 | -0.552 |
Harmonised headline inflation | | 3.755 | 5.529 | 0.864 | 2.098 | 2.085 | 2.810 | 2.212 | 1.687 | 1.286 |
Private final consumption expenditure growth (volume) | | 6.252 | 2.328 | -0.139 | 1.469 | 0.845 | -4.766 | -3.647 | -3.476 | -1.185 |
Total employment, growth | | 2.466 | 1.127 | -1.529 | -1.480 | -3.094 | -1.316 | -2.600 | -1.244 | -0.545 |
Final domestic expenditure growth (volume) | | 7.079 | 4.304 | -6.466 | -2.441 | -0.942 | -4.687 | -3.514 | -3.244 | -1.390 |
GDP growth (volume) | | 6.960 | 3.383 | -7.943 | 1.258 | 0.709 | -2.543 | -2.277 | -0.935 | 0.629 |
Gross fixed capital formation growth (volume) | | 13.282 | 7.081 | -23.785 | -15.250 | -5.465 | -8.170 | -3.936 | -4.178 | -3.046 |
Imports of goods and services growth (volume) | | 16.681 | 3.687 | -19.172 | 7.436 | 5.552 | -4.699 | -0.393 | 0.532 | 2.581 |
Harmonised core inflation | | 2.708 | 3.828 | 1.736 | -0.424 | -0.383 | 0.724 | 1.081 | 0.965 | 0.617 |
Private final consumption expenditure, deflator, growth | | 4.118 | 5.460 | 0.644 | 1.479 | 1.660 | 1.599 | 1.502 | 1.274 | 0.712 |
Gross domestic product, deflator, market prices, annualised rate | | 4.180 | 4.139 | 3.308 | -1.063 | 1.158 | 0.250 | 0.398 | 0.723 | 0.127 |
Total domestic expenditure growth (volume) | | 8.977 | 3.268 | -10.274 | -0.551 | -0.288 | -6.400 | -4.165 | -3.033 | -1.407 |
Goods and services trade growth, USD, 2005 prices, annualised rate | | 15.210 | 3.838 | -17.640 | 8.816 | 6.275 | -1.986 | 0.663 | 1.907 | 3.710 |
Exports of goods and services growth (volume) | | 13.734 | 3.993 | -16.067 | 10.180 | 6.972 | 0.594 | 1.614 | 3.120 | 4.681 |
Export performance for total goods and services growth | | 4.555 | 0.464 | -4.581 | -0.887 | 0.201 | -0.817 | 0.036 | -0.820 | -0.465 |
Supply block | Output gap of the total economy | | 7.447 | 8.472 | -1.527 | -0.961 | -0.632 | -3.384 | -5.720 | -7.185 | -7.489 |
Potential output of total economy, volume | | 23 368 611 309.580 | 23 930 921 342.420 | 24 267 084 137.818 | 24 431 996 732.663 | 24 523 924 831.760 | 24 580 941 246.894 | 24 616 341 581.085 | 24 771 371 890.854 | 25 008 872 659.203 |
Productive capital stocks, volume | | 65 805 275 674.341 | 69 624 564 592.191 | 71 628 394 737.969 | 73 003 909 059.553 | 74 161 020 884.942 | 74 972 394 392.310 | 75 641 698 706.123 | 76 081 157 871.736 | 76 303 121 492.175 |
NAIRU - Unemployment rate with non-accelerating inflation rate | | 6.046 | 6.037 | 6.243 | 6.471 | 6.793 | 7.210 | 7.869 | 8.126 | 8.256 |
Cyclically adjusted government net lending, as a percentage of potential GDP | | -2.956 | -5.425 | -5.795 | -5.360 | -5.929 | -2.300 | -4.355 | -2.470 | 0.485 |
Underlying government net lending, as a percentage of potential GDP | | -3.722 | -5.655 | -6.295 | -6.214 | -5.626 | -3.264 | -3.331 | -0.401 | -0.168 |
Underlying government primary balance, as a percentage of potential GDP | | -2.602 | -4.847 | -5.218 | -5.049 | -4.218 | -1.551 | -1.411 | 1.784 | 2.164 |
Household sector accounts | Household and non-profit institutions serving households net saving ratio | | 8.995 | 8.558 | 8.049 | 6.124 | 5.227 | 4.701 | 4.375 | 4.477 | 4.830 |
Prices and deflators | Consumer price index, harmonised | | 1.393 | 1.470 | 1.483 | 1.514 | 1.546 | 1.589 | 1.624 | 1.652 | 1.673 |
Private final consumption expenditure, deflator | | 1.365 | 1.440 | 1.449 | 1.471 | 1.495 | 1.519 | 1.542 | 1.561 | 1.573 |
Gross domestic product, deflator, market prices | | 1.378 | 1.435 | 1.482 | 1.466 | 1.483 | 1.487 | 1.493 | 1.504 | 1.506 |
Imports of goods and services, deflator, National Accounts basis | | 1.272 | 1.306 | 1.248 | 1.328 | 1.403 | 1.435 | 1.434 | 1.466 | 1.507 |
Exports of goods and services, deflator, National Accounts basis | | 1.294 | 1.309 | 1.297 | 1.326 | 1.381 | 1.398 | 1.394 | 1.411 | 1.436 |
Labour markets | Total employment | | 984 782.673 | 995 880.943 | 980 654.103 | 966 145.263 | 936 252.110 | 923 935.003 | 899 910.712 | 888 718.359 | 883 872.808 |
Labour force | | 1 034 665.055 | 1 041 441.509 | 1 041 744.757 | 1 041 481.631 | 1 019 469.384 | 1 013 557.182 | 1 007 194.033 | 1 000 919.734 | 997 670.591 |
Labour productivity of the total economy | | 1.079 | 1.088 | 1.020 | 1.055 | 1.080 | 1.062 | 1.063 | 1.067 | 1.079 |
Unit labour cost in total economy | | 1.040 | 1.106 | 1.197 | 1.190 | 1.178 | 1.183 | 1.179 | 1.181 | 1.177 |
Unemployment, level | | 49 882.382 | 45 560.566 | 61 090.655 | 75 336.368 | 83 217.274 | 89 622.179 | 107 283.322 | 112 201.375 | 113 797.782 |
Unemployment rate | | 4.821 | 4.375 | 5.864 | 7.234 | 8.163 | 8.842 | 10.652 | 11.210 | 11.406 |
Compensation rate, total economy | | 21 207.973 | 22 696.320 | 23 226.153 | 24 043.877 | 24 471.509 | 24 230.931 | 24 331.105 | 24 532.824 | 24 738.345 |
Monetary data | Long-term interest rate on government bonds | | 4.529 | 4.607 | 4.375 | 3.833 | 4.971 | 5.808 | 5.958 | 6.317 | 6.093 |
Short-term interest rate | | 4.278 | 4.634 | 1.228 | 0.811 | 1.391 | 0.573 | 0.184 | 0.056 | 0.345 |