External sectors, trade and payments | Balance of income, value in USD, balance of payments basis | | -3 215 874 825.037 | -2 705 839 595.754 | -1 189 095 046.142 | -2 757 371 385.300 | -2 333 186 758.457 | -2 124 470 687.208 | -2 727 378 487.050 | -3 689 909 648.941 | -4 017 518 449.548 |
Current account balance, value in USD | | -4 020 598 127.836 | -5 714 971 857.433 | -2 157 732 802.828 | -3 260 869 356.447 | -2 024 156 031.122 | 2 062 754 608.767 | 3 793 729 023.051 | 4 634 598 333.880 | 5 987 021 064.481 |
Current account balance, as a percentage of GDP | | -5.273 | -6.016 | -2.590 | -3.722 | -2.071 | 2.270 | 3.926 | 4.456 | 5.489 |
Competitiveness indicator, relative consumer prices (CPI), overall weights | | 115.968 | 125.851 | 135.019 | 129.138 | 130.298 | 129.963 | 131.670 | 132.163 | 132.163 |
Contribution to world trade volume, goods and services expressed in USD, 2005 prices | | 0.009 | -0.007 | -0.005 | 0.011 | 0.004 | 0.006 | 0.004 | 0.004 | 0.005 |
Nominal effective exchange rate, chain-linked, overall weights | | 114.086 | 123.645 | 132.540 | 128.301 | 128.452 | 127.179 | 129.263 | 130.233 | 130.233 |
Exchange rate, National currency per USD | | 0.819 | 0.709 | 0.720 | 0.755 | 0.719 | 0.778 | 0.751 | 0.725 | 0.725 |
Net exports of goods and services, value, National Accounts basis, USD | | -840 174 678.580 | -2 269 140 499.940 | -332 761 539.258 | -186 636 017.265 | 464 016 729.609 | 4 796 484 915.144 | 7 814 409 971.879 | 9 788 177 836.728 | 11 539 589 228.300 |
Imports of goods and services, volume, USD, 2005 prices | | 49 769 868 411.290 | 51 313 955 838.026 | 41 632 129 818.653 | 47 828 000 921.214 | 52 463 135 620.114 | 54 178 685 018.421 | 55 145 039 433.136 | 57 566 973 139.625 | 60 242 831 673.416 |
Import penetration, goods and services | | 0.465 | 0.459 | 0.418 | 0.441 | 0.457 | 0.460 | 0.464 | 0.469 | 0.473 |
Share of value imports of good and services in world imports, USD | | 0.395 | 0.421 | 0.405 | 0.385 | 0.397 | 0.385 | 0.391 | 0.399 | 0.396 |
Net current international transfers, value, balance of payments basis, USD | | -430 412 888.819 | -1 252 351 672.856 | -956 621 774.239 | -548 634 527.786 | -496 314 189.222 | -830 718 726.139 | -1 285 158 078.295 | -1 463 669 853.906 | -1 535 049 714.271 |
Goods and services trade volume, USD, 2005 prices | | 50 092 979 770.652 | 51 657 232 045.461 | 42 582 424 552.474 | 49 167 969 529.167 | 54 555 288 197.779 | 58 206 387 737.796 | 60 283 969 827.285 | 63 332 989 022.543 | 66 692 226 628.149 |
Competitiveness indicator, relative unit labour costs, overall economy | | 111.016 | 117.895 | 126.511 | 121.077 | 119.958 | 116.534 | 117.698 | 118.584 | 118.584 |
Exports of goods and services, volume, USD, 2005 prices | | 50 416 091 130.013 | 52 000 508 252.897 | 43 532 719 286.296 | 50 507 938 137.121 | 56 647 440 775.445 | 62 234 090 457.172 | 65 422 900 221.434 | 69 099 004 905.461 | 73 141 621 582.883 |
Export market for goods and services, volume, USD, 2005 prices | | 43 203 511 722.261 | 44 406 838 896.720 | 39 335 307 300.860 | 44 052 226 791.347 | 46 897 956 384.571 | 47 426 255 768.980 | 47 914 071 966.389 | 49 866 541 964.553 | 52 469 790 210.889 |
Export performance for goods and services, volume | | 1.167 | 1.171 | 1.107 | 1.147 | 1.208 | 1.312 | 1.365 | 1.386 | 1.394 |
Share of value exports of good and services in world exports expressed in USD | | 0.378 | 0.399 | 0.390 | 0.373 | 0.387 | 0.394 | 0.410 | 0.425 | 0.425 |
Government accounts | Gross public debt, Maastricht criterion, as a percentage of GDP | | 29.615 | 27.862 | 35.563 | 40.971 | 43.366 | 52.386 | 54.558 | 56.927 | 56.387 |
General government gross financial liabilities, as a percentage of GDP | | 33.496 | 32.190 | 40.365 | 45.868 | 48.257 | 56.868 | 59.040 | 61.410 | 60.869 |
General government net financial liabilities, as a percentage of GDP | | 7.270 | 9.249 | 16.108 | 22.196 | 26.471 | 25.452 | 27.890 | 29.690 | 30.869 |
Net government interest payments, as a percentage of GDP | | 0.955 | 0.860 | 1.096 | 1.180 | 1.394 | 1.624 | 1.602 | 1.662 | 1.662 |
Government net lending, as a percentage of GDP | | -1.814 | -2.090 | -8.026 | -7.658 | -5.074 | -4.547 | -2.980 | -2.818 | -2.560 |
Total disbursements, general government, as a percentage of GDP | | 34.210 | 34.917 | 41.559 | 39.954 | 38.407 | 37.768 | 36.072 | 36.681 | 36.556 |
Total receipts general government, as a percentage of GDP | | 32.396 | 32.827 | 33.533 | 32.296 | 33.333 | 33.221 | 33.092 | 33.863 | 33.996 |
Expenditure and GDP | Government final consumption expenditure, volume | | 9 817 747 000.000 | 10 416 987 000.000 | 11 054 319 000.000 | 11 162 157 000.000 | 10 686 900 000.000 | 10 566 810 000.000 | 10 518 788 187.319 | 10 402 954 745.298 | 10 289 271 012.128 |
Private final consumption expenditure, volume | | 32 053 732 000.000 | 33 993 708 000.000 | 34 053 224 000.000 | 33 826 527 919.000 | 33 656 158 516.000 | 33 597 839 646.000 | 33 896 815 342.178 | 34 245 257 200.650 | 34 807 160 164.241 |
Gross domestic product, value, market prices | | 61 449 714 000.000 | 66 842 404 000.000 | 62 794 385 000.000 | 65 897 020 000.000 | 68 974 163 000.000 | 71 096 017 000.000 | 72 640 244 032.580 | 75 395 534 551.297 | 79 072 403 835.720 |
Gross domestic product, volume, market prices | | 59 036 575 000.000 | 62 431 460 000.000 | 59 350 080 000.000 | 61 976 523 000.000 | 63 825 440 000.000 | 64 975 131 000.000 | 65 508 276 758.870 | 66 780 917 029.982 | 68 732 443 298.176 |
Gross fixed capital formation, housing, volume | | 1 366 120 286.000 | 1 395 476 129.000 | 1 652 745 125.000 | 1 464 851 866.000 | 1 450 843 991.000 | 1 452 796 057.000 | 1 393 085 708.208 | 1 413 091 744.356 | 1 448 325 304.173 |
Gross fixed capital formation, total, volume | | 15 595 948 000.000 | 15 745 647 000.000 | 12 644 869 000.000 | 13 466 188 000.000 | 15 377 411 000.000 | 13 757 245 000.000 | 12 691 858 911.408 | 13 020 682 210.559 | 13 390 548 071.208 |
Total domestic expenditure, volume | | 58 394 524 884.636 | 61 839 559 228.518 | 57 724 994 805.506 | 59 998 953 208.846 | 60 495 191 021.809 | 57 953 559 655.874 | 56 244 894 788.535 | 56 529 493 141.967 | 57 318 925 770.532 |
Selected variables: ready-made growth rates | Government final consumption expenditure growth (volume) | | -0.176 | 6.104 | 6.118 | 0.976 | -4.258 | -1.124 | -0.454 | -1.101 | -1.093 |
Harmonised headline inflation | | 1.890 | 3.934 | 0.925 | 0.697 | 4.079 | 3.743 | 1.643 | 1.954 | 2.128 |
Private final consumption expenditure growth (volume) | | 6.783 | 6.052 | 0.175 | -0.666 | -0.504 | -0.173 | 0.890 | 1.028 | 1.641 |
Total employment, growth | | 2.336 | 3.050 | -2.560 | -2.073 | -0.023 | 0.396 | 0.132 | 0.309 | 0.959 |
Final domestic expenditure growth (volume) | | 6.109 | 4.805 | -3.653 | 1.077 | 1.865 | -2.742 | -1.201 | 0.930 | 1.372 |
GDP growth (volume) | | 10.494 | 5.750 | -4.936 | 4.425 | 2.983 | 1.801 | 0.821 | 1.943 | 2.922 |
Gross fixed capital formation growth (volume) | | 9.051 | 0.960 | -19.693 | 6.495 | 14.193 | -10.536 | -7.744 | 2.591 | 2.841 |
Imports of goods and services growth (volume) | | 9.212 | 3.102 | -18.868 | 14.882 | 9.691 | 3.270 | 1.784 | 4.392 | 4.648 |
Harmonised core inflation | | 1.213 | 2.852 | 1.841 | 0.357 | 1.934 | 2.965 | 1.559 | 1.793 | 2.218 |
Private final consumption expenditure, deflator, growth | | 2.624 | 4.523 | 0.056 | 1.003 | 3.849 | 3.447 | 1.339 | 1.884 | 2.129 |
Gross domestic product, deflator, market prices, annualised rate | | 1.113 | 2.861 | -1.179 | 0.494 | 1.638 | 1.252 | 1.340 | 1.815 | 1.899 |
Total domestic expenditure growth (volume) | | 6.339 | 5.900 | -6.654 | 3.939 | 0.827 | -4.201 | -2.948 | 0.506 | 1.396 |
Goods and services trade growth, USD, 2005 prices, annualised rate | | 11.713 | 3.123 | -17.567 | 15.465 | 10.957 | 6.692 | 3.569 | 5.058 | 5.304 |
Exports of goods and services growth (volume) | | 14.295 | 3.143 | -16.284 | 16.023 | 12.156 | 9.862 | 5.124 | 5.619 | 5.850 |
Export performance for total goods and services growth | | 5.244 | 0.348 | -5.490 | 3.600 | 5.350 | 8.638 | 4.054 | 1.484 | 0.599 |
Supply block | Output gap of the total economy | | 7.631 | 8.939 | -0.029 | 1.572 | 1.226 | -0.408 | -2.626 | -3.609 | -3.606 |
Potential output of total economy, volume | | 54 850 829 312.078 | 57 308 588 771.146 | 59 367 340 766.837 | 61 017 523 029.181 | 63 052 692 744.078 | 65 241 129 882.011 | 67 274 952 596.864 | 69 281 045 973.463 | 71 304 011 592.212 |
Productive capital stocks, volume | | 153 868 811 581.073 | 161 199 903 896.675 | 165 667 011 190.712 | 170 431 267 290.574 | 177 139 020 526.287 | 182 153 682 284.250 | 186 102 102 676.853 | 190 034 584 690.449 | 194 181 159 056.499 |
NAIRU - Unemployment rate with non-accelerating inflation rate | | 13.540 | 13.055 | 13.195 | 14.023 | 14.399 | 14.399 | 14.399 | 14.399 | 14.399 |
Household sector accounts | Household and non-profit institutions serving households net saving ratio | | 1.978 | 0.908 | 1.644 | 5.292 | 4.248 | 2.972 | 2.525 | 2.924 | 2.997 |
Prices and deflators | Consumer price index, harmonised | | 1.062 | 1.104 | 1.114 | 1.122 | 1.168 | 1.212 | 1.231 | 1.256 | 1.282 |
Private final consumption expenditure, deflator | | 1.076 | 1.125 | 1.126 | 1.137 | 1.181 | 1.221 | 1.238 | 1.261 | 1.288 |
Gross domestic product, deflator, market prices | | 1.041 | 1.071 | 1.058 | 1.063 | 1.081 | 1.094 | 1.109 | 1.129 | 1.150 |
Imports of goods and services, deflator, National Accounts basis | | 1.053 | 1.084 | 1.039 | 1.077 | 1.134 | 1.162 | 1.151 | 1.170 | 1.198 |
Exports of goods and services, deflator, National Accounts basis | | 1.027 | 1.041 | 0.988 | 1.017 | 1.057 | 1.070 | 1.057 | 1.074 | 1.098 |
Labour markets | Total employment | | 2 357 870.832 | 2 429 785.074 | 2 367 574.280 | 2 318 498.533 | 2 317 956.658 | 2 327 136.485 | 2 330 213.134 | 2 337 414.751 | 2 359 818.913 |
Labour force | | 2 653 719.047 | 2 685 722.468 | 2 691 737.656 | 2 707 816.318 | 2 682 398.348 | 2 704 876.126 | 2 721 889.787 | 2 725 677.357 | 2 733 317.271 |
Labour productivity of the total economy | | 1.149 | 1.177 | 1.141 | 1.210 | 1.224 | 1.246 | 1.268 | 1.287 | 1.311 |
Unit labour cost in total economy | | 1.012 | 1.045 | 1.090 | 1.079 | 1.086 | 1.094 | 1.106 | 1.119 | 1.138 |
Unemployment, level | | 295 848.215 | 255 937.394 | 324 163.376 | 389 317.786 | 364 441.690 | 377 739.641 | 391 676.653 | 388 262.606 | 373 498.358 |
Unemployment rate | | 11.148 | 9.530 | 12.043 | 14.378 | 13.586 | 13.965 | 14.390 | 14.245 | 13.665 |
Compensation rate, total economy | | 11 948.322 | 12 785.562 | 13 102.800 | 13 765.032 | 13 912.294 | 14 196.545 | 14 493.751 | 14 930.566 | 15 467.289 |
Monetary data | Long-term interest rate on government bonds | | 4.491 | 4.723 | 4.707 | 3.872 | 4.415 | 4.553 | 3.070 | 2.745 | 3.124 |
Short-term interest rate | | 4.337 | 4.152 | 1.228 | 0.811 | 1.391 | 0.573 | 0.184 | 0.056 | 0.345 |