External sectors, trade and payments | Balance of income, value in USD, balance of payments basis | | -9 668 133 821.715 | -11 455 451 561.010 | -12 217 053 218.707 | -10 487 024 041.445 | -11 817 316 583.563 | -8 262 443 726.175 | -8 155 766 429.664 | -9 483 412 649.148 | -9 655 838 333.678 |
Current account balance, value in USD | | -23 531 071 116.879 | -31 917 345 552.244 | -25 646 416 860.256 | -24 201 817 124.328 | -16 747 960 666.507 | -3 321 616 897.186 | 1 000 216 648.308 | 2 826 749 171.295 | 4 811 963 081.431 |
Current account balance, as a percentage of GDP | | -10.102 | -12.638 | -10.919 | -10.569 | -7.002 | -1.549 | 0.459 | 1.229 | 2.058 |
Competitiveness indicator, relative consumer prices (CPI), overall weights | | 101.251 | 101.373 | 100.695 | 97.998 | 98.767 | 97.664 | 97.770 | 98.356 | 98.356 |
Contribution to world trade volume, goods and services expressed in USD, 2005 prices | | 0.008 | -0.007 | 0.000 | 0.009 | -0.005 | -0.001 | 0.005 | 0.003 | 0.005 |
Nominal effective exchange rate, chain-linked, overall weights | | 100.876 | 102.341 | 103.242 | 101.073 | 101.321 | 99.971 | 101.499 | 102.442 | 102.442 |
Exchange rate, National currency per USD | | 0.730 | 0.684 | 0.720 | 0.755 | 0.719 | 0.778 | 0.751 | 0.725 | 0.725 |
Net exports of goods and services, value, National Accounts basis, USD | | -18 645 421 583.702 | -25 460 719 627.440 | -17 397 906 990.695 | -17 657 988 733.047 | -10 454 281 856.246 | -1 307 990 564.008 | 3 843 341 480.561 | 6 792 539 915.485 | 8 950 179 510.150 |
Imports of goods and services, volume, USD, 2005 prices | | 80 398 044 180.845 | 82 278 737 267.897 | 74 036 781 374.535 | 79 970 434 466.924 | 75 730 709 278.758 | 70 724 899 871.724 | 71 611 361 796.540 | 72 595 046 108.700 | 75 057 859 341.308 |
Import penetration, goods and services | | 0.290 | 0.295 | 0.279 | 0.291 | 0.282 | 0.275 | 0.281 | 0.283 | 0.287 |
Share of value imports of good and services in world imports, USD | | 0.557 | 0.557 | 0.543 | 0.490 | 0.444 | 0.384 | 0.384 | 0.377 | 0.363 |
Net current international transfers, value, balance of payments basis, USD | | 3 565 818 836.021 | 3 633 715 512.055 | 2 981 469 474.829 | 2 898 084 664.801 | 4 166 575 563.494 | 4 829 626 923.783 | 4 095 636 605.876 | 4 138 216 428.719 | 4 138 216 428.719 |
Goods and services trade volume, USD, 2005 prices | | 72 027 538 774.835 | 72 938 356 810.493 | 65 345 219 258.203 | 71 207 327 907.505 | 71 252 452 646.337 | 69 806 799 497.712 | 72 290 522 690.320 | 74 356 110 274.122 | 77 605 727 915.276 |
Competitiveness indicator, relative unit labour costs, overall economy | | 99.040 | 98.928 | 99.483 | 96.898 | 95.262 | 89.534 | 90.003 | 91.505 | 91.505 |
Exports of goods and services, volume, USD, 2005 prices | | 63 657 033 368.824 | 63 597 976 353.088 | 56 653 657 141.871 | 62 444 221 348.087 | 66 774 196 013.916 | 68 888 699 123.701 | 72 969 683 584.101 | 76 117 174 439.544 | 80 153 596 489.244 |
Export market for goods and services, volume, USD, 2005 prices | | 59 592 892 577.449 | 59 964 876 329.869 | 52 944 806 598.071 | 58 328 932 483.161 | 60 676 333 967.005 | 60 801 838 802.733 | 61 710 868 647.230 | 63 901 409 772.807 | 66 922 174 333.461 |
Export performance for goods and services, volume | | 1.068 | 1.061 | 1.070 | 1.071 | 1.100 | 1.133 | 1.182 | 1.191 | 1.198 |
Share of value exports of good and services in world exports expressed in USD | | 0.433 | 0.415 | 0.416 | 0.382 | 0.383 | 0.367 | 0.387 | 0.391 | 0.384 |
Government accounts | Gross public debt, Maastricht criterion, as a percentage of GDP | | 68.384 | 71.694 | 83.698 | 93.992 | 108.248 | 124.067 | 124.888 | 127.426 | 129.511 |
General government gross financial liabilities, as a percentage of GDP | | 75.534 | 80.798 | 93.963 | 103.999 | 118.357 | 134.545 | 135.366 | 137.903 | 139.988 |
General government net financial liabilities, as a percentage of GDP | | 49.699 | 54.220 | 65.088 | 70.178 | 75.210 | 84.377 | 90.397 | 93.872 | 95.957 |
Net government interest payments, as a percentage of GDP | | 2.607 | 2.689 | 2.691 | 2.697 | 3.773 | 3.891 | 4.069 | 4.192 | 4.300 |
Government net lending, as a percentage of GDP | | -3.212 | -3.697 | -10.174 | -9.851 | -4.312 | -6.462 | -5.733 | -4.647 | -3.649 |
Total disbursements, general government, as a percentage of GDP | | 44.362 | 44.804 | 49.768 | 51.498 | 49.334 | 47.390 | 46.263 | 45.162 | 44.430 |
Total receipts general government, as a percentage of GDP | | 41.149 | 41.107 | 39.594 | 41.647 | 45.021 | 40.928 | 40.530 | 40.515 | 40.781 |
Expenditure and GDP | Government final consumption expenditure, volume | | 33 163 200 000.000 | 33 278 500 000.000 | 34 856 700 000.000 | 34 902 100 000.000 | 33 167 400 000.000 | 31 606 300 000.000 | 30 792 508 529.576 | 30 022 251 251.722 | 29 308 266 902.309 |
Private final consumption expenditure, volume | | 107 387 300 000.000 | 108 801 600 000.000 | 106 270 700 000.000 | 108 922 100 000.000 | 105 346 500 000.000 | 99 636 500 000.000 | 97 304 192 080.500 | 96 718 608 774.504 | 96 978 455 395.083 |
Gross domestic product, value, market prices | | 169 319 200 000.000 | 171 983 100 000.000 | 168 529 200 000.000 | 172 859 500 000.000 | 171 126 200 000.000 | 165 106 700 000.000 | 164 547 540 645.014 | 166 709 234 906.033 | 169 534 751 997.944 |
Gross domestic product, volume, market prices | | 164 660 200 000.000 | 164 646 200 000.000 | 159 857 700 000.000 | 162 953 200 000.000 | 160 915 500 000.000 | 155 725 800 000.000 | 153 113 882 792.948 | 153 747 113 691.669 | 155 458 438 690.787 |
Gross fixed capital formation, housing, volume | | 8 286 029 000.000 | 7 320 392 167.938 | 6 250 997 008.069 | 5 509 819 190.369 | 4 773 940 914.556 | 3 650 475 410.599 | 2 876 572 169.369 | 2 843 365 051.059 | 2 837 594 242.259 |
Gross fixed capital formation, total, volume | | 36 830 600 000.000 | 36 716 300 000.000 | 33 553 900 000.000 | 32 504 800 000.000 | 29 075 800 000.000 | 24 911 700 000.000 | 22 704 426 276.251 | 22 797 593 665.492 | 23 528 719 116.710 |
Total domestic expenditure, volume | | 178 393 573 870.739 | 180 009 796 464.391 | 174 195 869 528.631 | 177 369 946 949.662 | 168 143 110 366.278 | 156 940 814 068.107 | 151 607 690 606.768 | 150 379 959 659.956 | 150 697 805 392.809 |
Selected variables: ready-made growth rates | Government final consumption expenditure growth (volume) | | 0.488 | 0.348 | 4.742 | 0.130 | -4.970 | -4.707 | -2.575 | -2.501 | -2.378 |
Harmonised headline inflation | | 2.423 | 2.651 | -0.903 | 1.389 | 3.557 | 2.777 | 0.506 | 0.572 | 0.400 |
Private final consumption expenditure growth (volume) | | 2.520 | 1.317 | -2.326 | 2.495 | -3.283 | -5.420 | -2.341 | -0.602 | 0.269 |
Total employment, growth | | 0.254 | 0.517 | -2.768 | -1.538 | -2.809 | -4.194 | -3.025 | 0.877 | 0.928 |
Final domestic expenditure growth (volume) | | 2.151 | 0.799 | -2.310 | 0.932 | -4.956 | -6.837 | -3.432 | -0.813 | 0.212 |
GDP growth (volume) | | 2.365 | -0.009 | -2.908 | 1.936 | -1.250 | -3.225 | -1.677 | 0.414 | 1.113 |
Gross fixed capital formation growth (volume) | | 2.620 | -0.310 | -8.613 | -3.127 | -10.549 | -14.322 | -8.860 | 0.410 | 3.207 |
Imports of goods and services growth (volume) | | 5.515 | 2.339 | -10.017 | 8.014 | -5.302 | -6.610 | 1.253 | 1.374 | 3.393 |
Harmonised core inflation | | 2.151 | 1.610 | 0.511 | 0.319 | 2.034 | 1.186 | 0.126 | 0.392 | 0.400 |
Private final consumption expenditure, deflator, growth | | 3.024 | 2.556 | -2.234 | 1.303 | 2.487 | 1.451 | 0.254 | 0.625 | 0.575 |
Gross domestic product, deflator, market prices, annualised rate | | 2.829 | 1.582 | 0.927 | 0.621 | 0.251 | -0.302 | 1.361 | 0.896 | 0.575 |
Total domestic expenditure growth (volume) | | 2.039 | 0.906 | -3.230 | 1.822 | -5.202 | -6.662 | -3.398 | -0.810 | 0.211 |
Goods and services trade growth, USD, 2005 prices, annualised rate | | 6.402 | 1.265 | -10.410 | 8.971 | 0.063 | -2.029 | 3.558 | 2.857 | 4.370 |
Exports of goods and services growth (volume) | | 7.545 | -0.093 | -10.919 | 10.221 | 6.934 | 3.167 | 5.924 | 4.313 | 5.303 |
Export performance for total goods and services growth | | 0.460 | -0.713 | 0.892 | 0.047 | 2.797 | 2.954 | 4.364 | 0.738 | 0.550 |
Supply block | Output gap of the total economy | | 1.092 | 0.079 | -3.372 | -1.999 | -3.695 | -6.665 | -7.784 | -7.675 | -7.213 |
Potential output of total economy, volume | | 162 880 986 540.191 | 164 516 696 875.276 | 165 436 030 160.536 | 166 277 649 443.076 | 167 090 022 035.473 | 166 846 255 926.604 | 166 038 281 117.589 | 166 528 042 710.341 | 167 543 466 159.333 |
Productive capital stocks, volume | | 413 849 922 700.218 | 430 795 345 323.322 | 444 660 152 636.972 | 457 968 408 161.691 | 467 979 847 102.851 | 474 439 948 641.351 | 479 061 117 878.906 | 483 659 057 124.822 | 488 841 169 821.169 |
NAIRU - Unemployment rate with non-accelerating inflation rate | | 8.094 | 8.435 | 9.049 | 9.535 | 9.846 | 10.741 | 11.956 | 12.228 | 12.298 |
Cyclically adjusted government net lending, as a percentage of potential GDP | | -3.656 | -3.810 | -8.594 | -8.818 | -2.573 | -3.345 | -2.271 | -1.348 | -0.604 |
Underlying government net lending, as a percentage of potential GDP | | -2.780 | -3.356 | -7.399 | -7.194 | -4.670 | -3.403 | -2.085 | -1.359 | -0.715 |
Underlying government primary balance, as a percentage of potential GDP | | -0.144 | -0.665 | -4.799 | -4.552 | -1.037 | 0.228 | 1.666 | 2.511 | 3.274 |
Household sector accounts | Household and non-profit institutions serving households gross saving ratio | | 6.992 | 7.062 | 10.860 | 10.128 | 9.730 | 12.241 | 12.475 | 10.542 | 9.240 |
Prices and deflators | Consumer price index, harmonised | | 1.024 | 1.051 | 1.042 | 1.056 | 1.094 | 1.124 | 1.130 | 1.136 | 1.141 |
Private final consumption expenditure, deflator | | 1.030 | 1.057 | 1.033 | 1.046 | 1.072 | 1.088 | 1.091 | 1.098 | 1.104 |
Gross domestic product, deflator, market prices | | 1.028 | 1.045 | 1.054 | 1.061 | 1.063 | 1.060 | 1.075 | 1.084 | 1.091 |
Imports of goods and services, deflator, National Accounts basis | | 1.013 | 1.063 | 0.965 | 1.009 | 1.083 | 1.098 | 1.074 | 1.080 | 1.088 |
Exports of goods and services, deflator, National Accounts basis | | 1.019 | 1.045 | 0.993 | 1.032 | 1.089 | 1.104 | 1.096 | 1.102 | 1.111 |
Labour markets | Total employment | | 5 171 501.081 | 5 198 232.047 | 5 054 351.249 | 4 976 605.803 | 4 836 808.364 | 4 633 968.642 | 4 493 810.983 | 4 533 231.556 | 4 575 315.504 |
Labour force | | 5 620 493.615 | 5 626 225.522 | 5 583 917.306 | 5 580 054.339 | 5 540 986.861 | 5 492 939.888 | 5 392 780.245 | 5 404 504.117 | 5 432 937.275 |
Labour productivity of the total economy | | 1.034 | 1.029 | 1.025 | 1.062 | 1.065 | 1.076 | 1.095 | 1.089 | 1.091 |
Unemployment, level | | 448 992.534 | 427 993.475 | 529 566.057 | 603 448.536 | 704 178.496 | 858 971.246 | 898 969.262 | 871 272.561 | 857 621.771 |
Unemployment rate | | 7.988 | 7.607 | 9.484 | 10.814 | 12.709 | 15.638 | 16.670 | 16.121 | 15.786 |
Compensation rate, total economy | | 18 912.460 | 19 483.155 | 20 027.333 | 20 434.843 | 20 318.905 | 19 903.802 | 20 248.789 | 20 185.112 | 20 202.556 |
Monetary data | Long-term interest rate on government bonds | | 4.424 | 4.520 | 4.210 | 5.396 | 10.239 | 10.547 | 6.396 | 6.330 | 6.038 |
Short-term interest rate | | 4.278 | 4.634 | 1.228 | 0.811 | 1.391 | 0.573 | 0.184 | 0.056 | 0.345 |