External sectors, trade and payments | Current account balance as a percentage of GDP | Percentage |  | -4.354 | -3.368 | -3.073 | -4.667 | -3.269 | -2.577 | -2.227 | 0.371 | 2.313 | 3.006 | 1.048 | 1.757 | 2.284 | 2.876 |
Exchange rate, national currency per USD | Australian Dollar |  | 0.966 | 1.036 | 1.109 | 1.331 | 1.345 | 1.305 | 1.339 | 1.439 | 1.454 | 1.331 | 1.442 | 1.514 | 1.572 | 1.572 |
Exchange rate, USD per national currency | US Dollar |  | 1.035 | 0.967 | 0.902 | 0.753 | 0.744 | 0.767 | 0.748 | 0.695 | 0.690 | 0.752 | 0.695 | 0.661 | 0.636 | 0.636 |
Exports of goods and services, volume in USD (national accounts basis) | US Dollar, 2015 |  | 202 852 844 418.726 | 214 670 768 596.012 | 229 686 901 940.413 | 243 634 522 172.740 | 259 886 070 941.181 | 269 497 050 358.225 | 283 194 880 981.767 | 291 532 102 551.754 | 264 104 865 191.596 | 258 511 382 304.116 | 267 404 005 148.717 | 292 214 261 733.579 | 305 472 572 733.992 | 320 733 012 707.545 |
Goods and services trade, volume in USD | US Dollar, 2015 |  | 239 598 005 979.224 | 242 332 052 577.925 | 247 971 349 225.696 | 257 623 901 992.444 | 266 270 953 198.967 | 281 657 402 542.052 | 295 150 382 280.858 | 297 116 856 914.978 | 264 120 056 748.135 | 268 703 147 937.413 | 291 015 373 338.816 | 309 988 998 115.500 | 321 548 257 319.238 | 334 603 028 324.086 |
Imports of goods and services, volume in USD (national accounts basis) | US Dollar, 2015 |  | 276 343 167 539.723 | 269 993 336 559.838 | 266 255 796 510.980 | 271 613 281 812.148 | 272 655 835 456.753 | 293 817 754 725.879 | 307 105 883 579.948 | 302 701 611 278.202 | 264 135 248 304.674 | 278 894 913 570.709 | 314 626 741 528.914 | 327 763 734 497.422 | 337 623 941 904.485 | 348 473 043 940.626 |
Government accounts | General government gross financial assets as a percentage of GDP | Percentage |  | 42.236 | 45.525 | 46.638 | 50.320 | 54.230 | 55.562 | 55.421 | 54.793 | 60.259 | 58.058 | 54.075 | 54.075 | 54.075 | 54.075 |
General government gross financial liabilities as a percentage of GDP | Ratio |  | 33.309 | 34.913 | 38.679 | 40.544 | 43.114 | 44.199 | 44.440 | 46.605 | 65.838 | 63.585 | 56.580 | 57.291 | 58.401 | 59.210 |
General government net lending as a percentage of GDP | Percentage |  | -3.052 | -1.865 | -1.778 | -1.038 | -1.561 | -0.632 | -0.568 | -1.223 | -12.245 | -4.795 | -1.771 | -0.842 | -1.246 | -1.009 |
General government primary balance as a percentage of GDP | Percentage |  | -2.838 | -1.497 | -1.303 | -0.662 | -1.181 | -0.168 | -0.036 | -1.000 | -12.129 | -4.549 | -1.019 | -0.156 | -0.493 | -0.170 |
Expenditure and GDP | Change in inventories, contributions to changes in real GDP | Percentage, 2020-21 |  | -0.001 | -0.005 | 0.001 | 0.001 | 0.001 | -0.001 | 0.001 | -0.003 | -0.002 | 0.006 | 0.004 | -0.002 | -0.001 | 0.000 |
Exports of goods and services, volume (national accounts basis) | Australian Dollar, 2020-21 |  | 359 758 000 000.000 | 380 717 000 000.000 | 407 348 000 000.000 | 432 084 000 000.000 | 460 906 000 000.000 | 477 951 000 000.000 | 502 244 000 000.000 | 517 030 000 000.000 | 468 388 000 000.000 | 458 468 000 000.000 | 474 239 000 000.000 | 518 239 804 198.893 | 541 753 319 439.729 | 568 817 595 416.422 |
Government final consumption expenditure, volume | Australian Dollar, 2020-21 |  | 326 984 000 000.000 | 332 227 000 000.000 | 334 429 000 000.000 | 347 802 000 000.000 | 366 165 000 000.000 | 380 364 000 000.000 | 395 848 000 000.000 | 420 133 000 000.000 | 452 760 000 000.000 | 477 274 000 000.000 | 502 520 000 000.000 | 507 161 272 981.579 | 512 018 869 705.563 | 516 018 350 416.249 |
Gross capital formation, total, volume | Australian Dollar, 2020-21 |  | 501 309 000 000.000 | 482 384 000 000.000 | 472 687 000 000.000 | 455 062 000 000.000 | 445 650 000 000.000 | 459 758 000 000.000 | 472 378 000 000.000 | 454 597 000 000.000 | 437 957 000 000.001 | 496 777 000 000.001 | 510 568 000 000.001 | 506 658 148 087.076 | 507 584 498 297.569 | 514 356 289 872.634 |
Gross domestic product, nominal value, market prices | Australian Dollar |  | 1 515 293 000 000.000 | 1 568 772 000 000.000 | 1 613 230 000 000.000 | 1 638 255 000 000.000 | 1 699 521 000 000.000 | 1 802 283 000 000.000 | 1 895 536 000 000.000 | 1 993 774 000 000.000 | 1 972 898 000 000.000 | 2 189 667 000 000.000 | 2 451 067 000 000.000 | 2 586 662 065 091.100 | 2 701 147 337 377.490 | 2 831 924 593 823.670 |
Gross domestic product, volume in USD, at constant purchasing power parities | US Dollar, 2015 |  | 1 037 719 189 710.030 | 1 060 217 776 924.810 | 1 087 018 913 661.760 | 1 111 682 773 964.330 | 1 141 524 823 799.810 | 1 169 210 535 649.650 | 1 202 453 881 037.070 | 1 225 634 514 382.660 | 1 202 792 223 571.830 | 1 265 290 284 746.700 | 1 312 306 196 588.780 | 1 336 858 711 474.970 | 1 355 018 378 870.170 | 1 383 375 640 304.390 |
Gross domestic product, volume in USD, constant exchange rates | US Dollar, 2015 |  | 1 150 912 813 795.890 | 1 175 865 529 881.860 | 1 205 590 114 336.620 | 1 232 944 289 860.570 | 1 266 041 487 913.910 | 1 296 747 136 265.610 | 1 333 616 640 616.310 | 1 359 325 799 909.010 | 1 333 991 889 298.770 | 1 403 307 191 701.210 | 1 455 451 563 635.270 | 1 482 682 248 269.060 | 1 502 822 758 444.320 | 1 534 273 208 500.960 |
Gross domestic product, volume, market prices | Australian Dollar, 2020-21 |  | 1 742 094 000 000.000 | 1 779 864 000 000.000 | 1 824 857 000 000.000 | 1 866 262 000 000.000 | 1 916 360 000 000.000 | 1 962 838 000 000.000 | 2 018 646 000 000.000 | 2 057 560 999 999.990 | 2 019 213 999 999.990 | 2 124 133 999 999.990 | 2 203 062 999 999.990 | 2 244 281 076 424.010 | 2 274 767 018 984.270 | 2 322 372 397 675.190 |
Gross fixed capital formation, total, volume | Australian Dollar, 2020-21 |  | 494 348 000 000.000 | 483 653 000 000.000 | 472 263 000 000.000 | 453 408 000 000.000 | 442 795 000 000.000 | 458 277 000 000.000 | 469 401 000 000.000 | 457 037 000 000.000 | 444 013 000 000.000 | 491 083 000 000.001 | 496 539 000 000.001 | 497 154 946 302.815 | 501 034 160 611.154 | 507 433 634 969.576 |
Imports of goods and services, volume (national accounts basis) | Australian Dollar, 2020-21 |  | 374 270 000 000.000 | 365 670 000 000.000 | 360 608 000 000.000 | 367 864 000 000.000 | 369 276 000 000.000 | 397 937 000 000.000 | 415 934 000 000.000 | 409 969 000 000.000 | 357 736 000 000.000 | 377 726 000 000.000 | 426 120 000 000.000 | 443 912 306 580.609 | 457 266 643 722.709 | 471 960 306 877.898 |
Net exports, contributions to changes in real GDP | Percentage, 2020-21 |  | 0.000 | 0.017 | 0.017 | 0.008 | 0.012 | -0.009 | 0.001 | 0.010 | 0.004 | -0.015 | -0.015 | 0.016 | 0.006 | 0.007 |
Private final consumption expenditure, volume | Australian Dollar, 2020-21 |  | 929 099 000 000.000 | 944 940 000 000.000 | 969 304 000 000.000 | 992 782 999 999.999 | 1 018 221 000 000.000 | 1 042 932 000 000.000 | 1 068 129 000 000.000 | 1 079 558 000 000.000 | 1 017 321 000 000.000 | 1 069 077 000 000.000 | 1 137 690 000 000.000 | 1 157 166 068 660.320 | 1 170 687 001 680.170 | 1 192 765 461 824.470 |
Selected variables: ready-made growth rates | Core inflation | Percentage, 2020-21 |  | 2.170 | 2.494 | 2.434 | 2.117 | 1.543 | 1.701 | 1.651 | 1.624 | 1.252 | 2.389 | 5.936 | 5.936 | 3.472 | 2.814 |
Exports of goods and services, volume, growth (national accounts basis) | Percentage, 2020-21 |  | 5.934 | 5.826 | 6.995 | 6.072 | 6.670 | 3.698 | 5.083 | 2.944 | -9.408 | -2.118 | 3.440 | 9.278 | 4.537 | 4.996 |
Government final consumption expenditure, volume, growth | Percentage, 2020-21 |  | 1.703 | 1.603 | 0.663 | 3.999 | 5.280 | 3.878 | 4.071 | 6.135 | 7.766 | 5.414 | 5.290 | 0.924 | 0.958 | 0.781 |
Gross domestic product, market prices, deflator, growth | Percentage, 2020-21 |  | -0.695 | 1.332 | 0.299 | -0.702 | 1.028 | 3.535 | 2.266 | 3.193 | 0.832 | 5.505 | 7.927 | 3.594 | 3.026 | 2.692 |
Gross domestic product, nominal value, growth | Percentage |  | 3.174 | 3.529 | 2.834 | 1.551 | 3.740 | 6.047 | 5.174 | 5.183 | -1.047 | 10.987 | 11.938 | 5.532 | 4.426 | 4.842 |
Gross domestic product, volume, growth | Percentage, 2020-21 |  | 3.895 | 2.168 | 2.528 | 2.269 | 2.684 | 2.425 | 2.843 | 1.928 | -1.864 | 5.196 | 3.716 | 1.871 | 1.358 | 2.093 |
Gross fixed capital formation, total, volume, growth | Percentage, 2020-21 |  | 10.032 | -2.163 | -2.355 | -3.992 | -2.341 | 3.496 | 2.427 | -2.634 | -2.850 | 10.601 | 1.111 | 0.124 | 0.780 | 1.277 |
Headline inflation | Percentage, 2020-21 |  | 1.686 | 2.450 | 2.513 | 1.485 | 1.277 | 1.995 | 1.911 | 1.610 | 0.868 | 2.841 | 6.614 | 5.648 | 3.441 | 2.814 |
Imports of goods and services, volume, growth (national accounts basis) | Percentage, 2020-21 |  | 6.291 | -2.298 | -1.384 | 2.012 | 0.384 | 7.761 | 4.523 | -1.434 | -12.741 | 5.588 | 12.812 | 4.175 | 3.008 | 3.213 |
Private final consumption expenditure, volume, growth | Percentage, 2020-21 |  | 2.671 | 1.705 | 2.578 | 2.422 | 2.562 | 2.427 | 2.416 | 1.070 | -5.765 | 5.087 | 6.418 | 1.712 | 1.168 | 1.886 |
Household sector accounts | Net disposable income of households and non-profit institutions serving households | Australian Dollar |  | 884 443 000 000.001 | 923 745 000 000.000 | 971 875 999 999.999 | 999 020 000 000.000 | 1 019 489 000 000.000 | 1 050 077 000 000.000 | 1 096 103 000 000.000 | 1 141 731 000 000.000 | 1 224 505 000 000.000 | 1 266 828 000 000.000 | 1 315 440 000 000.000 | 1 357 244 446 296.350 | 1 435 381 970 674.320 | 1 508 382 661 937.680 |
Prices and deflators | Consumer price index | Index, 2020-21 |  | 0.870 | 0.891 | 0.913 | 0.927 | 0.939 | 0.957 | 0.976 | 0.991 | 1.000 | 1.028 | 1.096 | 1.158 | 1.198 | 1.232 |
Core inflation index | Index, 2020-21 |  | 0.864 | 0.885 | 0.907 | 0.926 | 0.940 | 0.956 | 0.972 | 0.988 | 1.000 | 1.024 | 1.085 | 1.149 | 1.189 | 1.222 |
Exports of goods and services, deflator (national accounts basis) | Index, 2020-21 |  | 0.853 | 0.851 | 0.818 | 0.749 | 0.731 | 0.809 | 0.872 | 0.952 | 0.932 | 1.133 | 1.414 | 1.342 | 1.376 | 1.399 |
Gross domestic product, market prices, deflator | Index, 2020-21 |  | 0.870 | 0.881 | 0.884 | 0.878 | 0.887 | 0.918 | 0.939 | 0.969 | 0.977 | 1.031 | 1.113 | 1.153 | 1.187 | 1.219 |
Imports of goods and services, deflator (national accounts basis) | Index, 2020-21 |  | 0.881 | 0.913 | 0.950 | 0.982 | 0.952 | 0.949 | 1.003 | 1.038 | 1.019 | 1.057 | 1.245 | 1.243 | 1.285 | 1.310 |
Purchasing power parity, national currency per USD | Australian Dollar |  | 1.540 | 1.447 | 1.452 | 1.474 | 1.450 | 1.478 | 1.470 | 1.480 | 1.454 | 1.448 | 1.419 | 1.419 | 1.418 | 1.426 |
Labour markets | Labour force | Persons |  | 11 976 398.623 | 12 144 317.494 | 12 286 800.816 | 12 524 529.495 | 12 698 053.643 | 12 976 331.634 | 13 284 534.019 | 13 568 882.822 | 13 537 610.054 | 13 750 773.581 | 14 144 104.923 | 14 564 748.702 | 14 799 490.994 | 14 967 070.856 |
Total employment (labour force survey basis) | Persons |  | 11 350 802.388 | 11 456 709.184 | 11 540 161.675 | 11 766 268.115 | 11 972 942.491 | 12 250 530.591 | 12 579 637.123 | 12 867 958.137 | 12 663 481.054 | 13 047 604.275 | 13 620 452.437 | 14 031 319.043 | 14 190 939.977 | 14 316 271.242 |
Unemployment rate | Percentage |  | 5.224 | 5.662 | 6.077 | 6.054 | 5.710 | 5.593 | 5.306 | 5.166 | 6.457 | 5.114 | 3.702 | 3.662 | 4.112 | 4.348 |
Monetary data | Long-term interest rate on government bonds | Percentage |  | 3.379 | 3.697 | 3.657 | 2.711 | 2.337 | 2.639 | 2.684 | 1.493 | 0.921 | 1.480 | 3.201 | 3.928 | 4.245 | 3.600 |
Short-term interest rate | Percentage |  | 3.728 | 2.778 | 2.678 | 2.256 | 1.987 | 1.740 | 1.948 | 1.344 | 0.257 | 0.028 | 1.637 | 3.981 | 4.230 | 3.700 |