External sectors, trade and payments | Current account balance as a percentage of GDP | Percentage |  | 1.482 | 1.944 | 2.472 | 1.726 | 2.725 | 1.373 | 0.904 | 2.093 | 1.902 | -0.187 | 0.115 | 0.267 |
Exchange rate, national currency per USD | Euro |  | 0.778 | 0.753 | 0.754 | 0.901 | 0.904 | 0.887 | 0.847 | 0.893 | 0.878 | 0.843 | 0.863 | 0.863 |
Exchange rate, USD per national currency | US Dollar |  | 1.286 | 1.328 | 1.329 | 1.109 | 1.106 | 1.129 | 1.181 | 1.119 | 1.141 | 1.187 | 1.159 | 1.159 |
Exports of goods and services, volume in USD (national accounts basis) | US Dollar, 2015 |  | 190 437 815 558.443 | 191 280 289 340.942 | 197 968 754 451.467 | 203 527 606 963.416 | 208 819 224 104.481 | 220 331 740 701.385 | 231 009 740 456.086 | 238 748 255 418.894 | 211 364 433 185.354 | 233 268 768 332.878 | 252 203 934 213.886 | 266 358 775 208.195 |
Goods and services trade, volume in USD | US Dollar, 2015 |  | 183 144 709 486.855 | 183 758 802 994.898 | 189 947 977 373.437 | 195 867 666 714.995 | 202 112 512 749.043 | 213 672 975 142.727 | 223 974 849 723.356 | 229 804 286 074.516 | 205 794 264 193.310 | 228 378 524 271.948 | 245 517 626 196.796 | 258 915 831 119.987 |
Imports of goods and services, volume in USD (national accounts basis) | US Dollar, 2015 |  | 175 851 603 415.266 | 176 237 316 648.853 | 181 927 200 295.407 | 188 207 726 466.573 | 195 405 801 393.605 | 207 014 209 584.070 | 216 939 958 990.626 | 220 860 316 730.137 | 200 224 095 201.267 | 223 488 280 211.018 | 238 831 318 179.706 | 251 472 887 031.780 |
Government accounts | General government gross financial assets as a percentage of GDP | Percentage |  | 45.574 | 42.895 | 47.549 | 49.446 | 48.855 | 46.800 | 44.283 | 44.094 | 49.841 | 49.841 | 49.841 | 49.841 |
General government gross financial liabilities as a percentage of GDP | Ratio |  | 102.487 | 99.417 | 106.702 | 106.477 | 107.295 | 100.842 | 95.232 | 93.548 | 112.286 | 110.717 | 106.642 | 104.238 |
General government net lending as a percentage of GDP | Percentage |  | -2.188 | -1.951 | -2.726 | -1.010 | -1.535 | -0.816 | 0.170 | 0.610 | -8.326 | -6.313 | -2.253 | -1.099 |
General government primary balance as a percentage of GDP | Percentage |  | -0.015 | 0.172 | -0.720 | 0.839 | 0.141 | 0.667 | 1.472 | 1.763 | -7.234 | -5.374 | -1.527 | -0.539 |
Gross public debt, Maastricht criterion as a percentage of GDP | Percentage |  | 81.893 | 81.292 | 83.964 | 84.901 | 82.856 | 78.456 | 74.052 | 70.599 | 83.364 | 83.054 | 79.580 | 77.830 |
Expenditure and GDP | Change in inventories, contributions to changes in real GDP | Percentage, 2015 |  | -0.004 | -0.006 | 0.003 | 0.002 | 0.001 | 0.001 | 0.005 | -0.012 | 0.001 | 0.000 | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Exports of goods and services, volume (national accounts basis) | Euro, 2015 |  | 171 651 409 000.000 | 172 410 774 000.000 | 178 439 432 000.000 | 183 449 912 000.000 | 188 219 519 000.000 | 198 596 343 000.000 | 208 220 974 000.000 | 215 196 096 000.000 | 190 513 647 000.000 | 210 257 152 145.000 | 227 324 392 144.538 | 240 082 879 179.895 |
Government final consumption expenditure, volume | Euro, 2015 |  | 66 432 782 000.000 | 66 819 055 000.000 | 67 364 150 000.000 | 68 052 274 000.000 | 69 286 622 000.000 | 69 841 199 000.000 | 70 708 620 000.000 | 71 780 508 000.000 | 71 477 324 000.000 | 73 701 537 380.000 | 73 851 893 840.641 | 74 220 029 840.553 |
Gross capital formation, total, volume | Euro, 2015 |  | 79 131 447 277.000 | 78 373 374 356.000 | 79 341 781 373.000 | 81 923 331 460.000 | 85 658 969 993.000 | 89 296 125 247.000 | 94 783 594 856.000 | 94 605 431 741.000 | 90 266 245 709.000 | 97 186 172 062.776 | 101 365 388 090.054 | 104 314 047 016.725 |
Gross domestic product, nominal value, market prices | Euro |  | 318 757 179 000.000 | 323 808 435 000.000 | 333 477 314 000.000 | 344 240 090 000.000 | 357 542 285 000.000 | 369 571 534 000.000 | 385 385 276 000.000 | 397 314 906 000.000 | 378 634 301 000.000 | 400 340 171 545.224 | 430 282 815 342.431 | 450 120 679 161.672 |
Gross domestic product, volume in USD, at constant purchasing power parities | US Dollar, 2015 |  | 423 628 263 678.271 | 423 484 490 022.071 | 426 925 190 865.409 | 430 929 257 960.393 | 439 484 800 103.261 | 449 857 760 634.775 | 460 873 490 845.095 | 467 638 732 941.466 | 435 713 546 660.803 | 453 456 300 718.263 | 474 196 914 233.903 | 485 939 700 327.369 |
Gross domestic product, volume in USD, constant exchange rates | US Dollar, 2015 |  | 375 433 304 019.336 | 375 305 887 075.270 | 378 355 149 356.640 | 381 903 685 344.141 | 389 485 888 255.920 | 398 678 747 134.115 | 408 441 249 647.844 | 414 436 829 760.176 | 386 143 679 386.516 | 401 867 891 742.785 | 420 248 905 776.066 | 430 655 749 132.510 |
Gross domestic product, volume, market prices | Euro, 2015 |  | 338 407 821 000.000 | 338 292 970 000.000 | 341 041 512 000.000 | 344 240 089 000.000 | 351 074 530 000.000 | 359 360 783 000.000 | 368 160 501 000.000 | 373 564 793 000.000 | 348 061 932 000.000 | 362 235 412 038.820 | 378 803 678 200.025 | 388 184 191 718.775 |
Gross fixed capital formation, total, volume | Euro, 2015 |  | 75 294 283 000.000 | 76 531 713 000.000 | 76 373 522 000.000 | 78 168 365 000.000 | 81 521 882 000.000 | 84 823 962 000.000 | 88 643 065 000.000 | 92 892 776 000.000 | 88 258 100 000.000 | 95 211 195 608.000 | 99 440 460 154.836 | 102 358 294 049.530 |
Imports of goods and services, volume (national accounts basis) | Euro, 2015 |  | 158 522 707 000.000 | 158 870 411 000.000 | 163 999 598 000.000 | 169 661 224 000.000 | 176 149 981 000.000 | 186 614 465 000.000 | 195 562 104 000.000 | 199 096 139 000.000 | 180 493 467 000.000 | 201 465 135 795.000 | 215 296 228 973.358 | 226 692 063 166.722 |
Net exports, contributions to changes in real GDP | Percentage, 2015 |  | 0.002 | 0.001 | 0.002 | -0.002 | -0.005 | 0.000 | 0.002 | 0.009 | -0.015 | -0.003 | 0.008 | 0.002 |
Private final consumption expenditure, volume | Euro, 2015 |  | 180 116 486 000.000 | 179 918 983 000.000 | 180 479 748 000.000 | 181 339 895 000.000 | 184 168 192 000.000 | 187 902 955 000.000 | 189 900 918 000.000 | 191 111 006 000.000 | 174 987 330 000.000 | 181 484 823 000.000 | 192 007 300 139.242 | 197 044 388 985.001 |
Selected variables: ready-made growth rates | Exports of goods and services, volume, growth (national accounts basis) | Percentage, 2015 |  | 1.459 | 0.442 | 3.497 | 2.808 | 2.600 | 5.513 | 4.846 | 3.350 | -11.470 | 10.363 | 8.117 | 5.612 |
Government final consumption expenditure, volume, growth | Percentage, 2015 |  | 0.125 | 0.581 | 0.816 | 1.021 | 1.814 | 0.800 | 1.242 | 1.516 | -0.422 | 3.112 | 0.204 | 0.498 |
Gross domestic product, market prices, deflator, growth | Percentage, 2015 |  | 2.023 | 1.619 | 2.156 | 2.268 | 1.842 | 0.981 | 1.786 | 1.604 | 2.281 | 1.596 | 2.778 | 2.083 |
Gross domestic product, nominal value, growth | Percentage |  | 2.780 | 1.585 | 2.986 | 3.227 | 3.864 | 3.364 | 4.279 | 3.096 | -4.702 | 5.733 | 7.479 | 4.610 |
Gross domestic product, volume, growth | Percentage, 2015 |  | 0.742 | -0.034 | 0.812 | 0.938 | 1.985 | 2.360 | 2.449 | 1.468 | -6.827 | 4.072 | 4.574 | 2.476 |
Gross fixed capital formation, total, volume, growth | Percentage, 2015 |  | 1.080 | 1.643 | -0.207 | 2.350 | 4.290 | 4.051 | 4.502 | 4.794 | -4.989 | 7.878 | 4.442 | 2.934 |
Harmonised core inflation | Percentage, 2015 |  | 2.151 | 2.226 | 1.742 | 1.749 | 1.637 | 2.092 | 1.814 | 1.653 | 1.988 | 2.399 | 2.690 | 1.766 |
Harmonised headline inflation | Percentage, 2015 |  | 2.572 | 2.118 | 1.461 | 0.805 | 0.971 | 2.231 | 2.120 | 1.491 | 1.388 | 2.850 | 3.043 | 2.275 |
Imports of goods and services, volume, growth (national accounts basis) | Percentage, 2015 |  | 1.170 | 0.219 | 3.229 | 3.452 | 3.825 | 5.941 | 4.795 | 1.807 | -9.344 | 11.619 | 6.865 | 5.293 |
Private final consumption expenditure, volume, growth | Percentage, 2015 |  | 0.586 | -0.110 | 0.312 | 0.477 | 1.560 | 2.028 | 1.063 | 0.637 | -8.437 | 3.713 | 5.798 | 2.623 |
Household sector accounts | Net disposable income of households and non-profit institutions serving households | Euro |  | 185 379 842 000.000 | 185 562 492 000.000 | 190 712 168 000.000 | 193 117 609 000.000 | 201 290 948 000.000 | 208 325 185 000.000 | 215 169 171 000.000 | 222 474 155 000.000 | 220 912 364 000.000 | 226 784 373 310.453 | 239 898 252 910.078 | 245 485 582 563.030 |
Prices and deflators | Consumer price index, harmonised | Index, 2015 |  | 0.957 | 0.978 | 0.992 | 1.000 | 1.010 | 1.032 | 1.054 | 1.070 | 1.085 | 1.116 | 1.150 | 1.176 |
Core inflation index, harmonised | Index, 2015 |  | 0.945 | 0.966 | 0.983 | 1.000 | 1.016 | 1.038 | 1.056 | 1.074 | 1.095 | 1.122 | 1.152 | 1.172 |
Exports of goods and services, deflator (national accounts basis) | Index, 2015 |  | 1.004 | 1.004 | 1.003 | 1.000 | 0.996 | 1.011 | 1.029 | 1.027 | 1.019 | 1.044 | 1.062 | 1.081 |
Gross domestic product, market prices, deflator | Index, 2015 |  | 0.942 | 0.957 | 0.978 | 1.000 | 1.018 | 1.028 | 1.047 | 1.064 | 1.088 | 1.105 | 1.136 | 1.160 |
Imports of goods and services, deflator (national accounts basis) | Index, 2015 |  | 1.032 | 1.032 | 1.021 | 1.000 | 0.986 | 1.013 | 1.034 | 1.038 | 1.020 | 1.065 | 1.096 | 1.118 |
Purchasing power parity, national currency per USD | Euro |  | 0.814 | 0.797 | 0.799 | 0.799 | 0.777 | 0.775 | 0.764 | 0.763 | 0.764 | 0.756 | 0.754 | 0.754 |
Labour markets | Labour force | Persons |  | 4 293 375.000 | 4 336 050.000 | 4 357 500.000 | 4 400 050.000 | 4 490 275.000 | 4 508 350.000 | 4 539 100.000 | 4 559 425.000 | 4 540 300.000 | 4 582 612.408 | 4 649 880.352 | 4 666 279.081 |
Total employment (labour force survey basis) | Persons |  | 4 084 525.000 | 4 104 725.000 | 4 112 675.000 | 4 148 275.000 | 4 220 250.000 | 4 260 425.000 | 4 319 050.000 | 4 354 875.000 | 4 296 825.000 | 4 355 419.273 | 4 429 996.764 | 4 458 184.851 |
Unemployment rate | Percentage |  | 4.864 | 5.335 | 5.618 | 5.722 | 6.014 | 5.499 | 4.848 | 4.486 | 5.363 | 4.958 | 4.729 | 4.460 |
Monetary data | Long-term interest rate on government bonds | Percentage |  | 2.373 | 2.010 | 1.488 | 0.746 | 0.375 | 0.583 | 0.686 | 0.063 | -0.225 | -0.127 | -0.151 | -0.076 |
Short-term interest rate | Percentage |  | 0.573 | 0.221 | 0.210 | -0.019 | -0.264 | -0.329 | -0.322 | -0.356 | -0.425 | -0.544 | -0.546 | -0.471 |