External sectors, trade and payments | Current account balance as a percentage of GDP | Percentage |  | -0.965 | -0.509 | -0.955 | -0.368 | -0.487 | -0.766 | -0.831 | 0.512 | -1.797 | 0.359 | -1.841 | -2.384 | -2.052 |
Exchange rate, national currency per USD | Euro |  | 0.778 | 0.753 | 0.754 | 0.901 | 0.904 | 0.887 | 0.847 | 0.893 | 0.878 | 0.846 | 0.961 | 1.025 | 1.025 |
Exchange rate, USD per national currency | US Dollar |  | 1.286 | 1.328 | 1.329 | 1.109 | 1.106 | 1.129 | 1.181 | 1.119 | 1.141 | 1.183 | 1.043 | 0.976 | 0.976 |
Exports of goods and services, volume in USD (national accounts basis) | US Dollar, 2015 |  | 676 634 839 201.105 | 691 695 252 884.255 | 714 787 685 981.525 | 746 691 295 015.669 | 758 894 540 612.007 | 793 829 258 557.842 | 829 760 111 908.880 | 843 273 726 624.260 | 700 033 345 549.351 | 760 282 266 447.512 | 817 416 398 588.459 | 840 309 537 536.751 | 868 732 907 823.016 |
Goods and services trade, volume in USD | US Dollar, 2015 |  | 672 659 780 334.744 | 688 681 363 424.035 | 717 310 863 152.400 | 753 452 706 484.538 | 770 348 432 352.346 | 806 343 498 943.641 | 836 883 385 942.105 | 853 589 156 139.329 | 725 657 157 781.313 | 785 205 422 064.170 | 848 027 189 788.358 | 872 768 969 939.922 | 897 321 565 423.514 |
Imports of goods and services, volume in USD (national accounts basis) | US Dollar, 2015 |  | 668 684 721 468.382 | 685 667 473 963.816 | 719 834 040 323.276 | 760 214 117 953.406 | 781 802 324 092.685 | 818 857 739 329.440 | 844 006 659 975.330 | 863 904 585 654.399 | 751 280 970 013.275 | 810 128 577 680.828 | 878 637 980 988.257 | 905 228 402 343.092 | 925 910 223 024.012 |
Government accounts | General government gross financial assets as a percentage of GDP | Percentage |  | 43.399 | 44.784 | 44.802 | 43.595 | 44.899 | 45.766 | 43.115 | 44.910 | 52.612 | 51.716 | 51.190 | 50.790 | 50.790 |
General government gross financial liabilities as a percentage of GDP | Ratio |  | 111.949 | 112.352 | 120.030 | 120.798 | 124.175 | 123.277 | 121.146 | 123.410 | 146.215 | 138.353 | 138.622 | 140.060 | 141.884 |
General government net lending as a percentage of GDP | Percentage |  | -4.981 | -4.080 | -3.901 | -3.623 | -3.639 | -2.956 | -2.288 | -3.062 | -8.994 | -6.536 | -4.885 | -5.180 | -4.749 |
General government primary balance as a percentage of GDP | Percentage |  | -2.549 | -1.912 | -1.848 | -1.749 | -1.893 | -1.323 | -0.680 | -1.705 | -7.797 | -5.249 | -3.229 | -3.532 | -3.099 |
Gross public debt, Maastricht criterion as a percentage of GDP | Percentage |  | 90.610 | 93.315 | 94.790 | 95.530 | 98.013 | 98.037 | 97.731 | 97.331 | 114.999 | 112.929 | 113.198 | 114.637 | 116.461 |
Expenditure and GDP | Change in inventories, contributions to changes in real GDP | Percentage, 2014 |  | -0.006 | 0.003 | 0.007 | 0.002 | -0.004 | 0.002 | 0.000 | 0.000 | -0.002 | -0.003 | 0.006 | 0.002 | 0.000 |
Exports of goods and services, volume (national accounts basis) | Euro, 2014 |  | 605 288 500 000.000 | 618 760 900 000.000 | 639 418 400 000.000 | 667 958 000 000.000 | 678 874 500 000.000 | 710 125 600 000.000 | 742 267 800 000.000 | 754 356 500 000.000 | 626 219 800 000.000 | 680 115 900 000.000 | 731 225 643 600.000 | 751 704 863 603.901 | 777 131 191 319.793 |
Government final consumption expenditure, volume | Euro, 2014 |  | 504 500 500 000.000 | 512 221 600 000.000 | 518 920 600 000.000 | 523 986 400 000.000 | 531 138 200 000.000 | 538 713 100 000.000 | 542 915 400 000.000 | 548 515 500 000.000 | 526 336 200 000.000 | 560 030 900 000.000 | 573 425 378 400.000 | 576 325 138 055.212 | 579 052 506 294.415 |
Gross capital formation, total, volume | Euro, 2014 |  | 471 859 500 000.000 | 474 520 700 000.000 | 489 602 300 000.000 | 499 098 700 000.000 | 503 050 500 000.000 | 531 721 600 000.000 | 547 458 900 000.000 | 568 996 200 000.000 | 517 493 400 000.000 | 567 717 700 000.000 | 592 465 935 705.101 | 602 427 146 025.113 | 607 488 791 504.644 |
Gross domestic product, nominal value, market prices | Euro |  | 2 088 655 900 000.000 | 2 119 421 200 000.000 | 2 151 999 000 000.000 | 2 199 581 600 000.000 | 2 232 854 300 000.000 | 2 299 474 800 000.000 | 2 364 533 300 000.000 | 2 440 055 700 000.000 | 2 309 720 600 000.000 | 2 498 826 800 000.000 | 2 622 652 872 642.520 | 2 726 874 609 930.580 | 2 819 236 553 984.600 |
Gross domestic product, volume in USD, at constant purchasing power parities | US Dollar, 2015 |  | 2 647 757 043 122.150 | 2 665 790 507 339.920 | 2 691 472 648 622.890 | 2 719 902 530 774.750 | 2 746 718 485 662.800 | 2 813 936 023 691.020 | 2 865 229 020 821.850 | 2 919 199 098 697.250 | 2 688 514 052 940.630 | 2 870 406 844 655.680 | 2 943 640 851 798.150 | 2 962 242 473 805.200 | 2 997 423 782 199.540 |
Gross domestic product, volume in USD, constant exchange rates | US Dollar, 2015 |  | 2 375 556 033 381.420 | 2 391 735 578 569.140 | 2 414 777 483 351.680 | 2 440 284 649 218.580 | 2 464 343 806 606.400 | 2 524 651 087 603.640 | 2 570 670 940 188.250 | 2 619 092 657 902.880 | 2 412 123 044 251.390 | 2 575 316 461 075.530 | 2 641 021 691 836.000 | 2 657 710 985 706.180 | 2 689 275 501 655.830 |
Gross domestic product, volume, market prices | Euro, 2014 |  | 2 117 152 700 000.000 | 2 131 572 300 000.000 | 2 152 107 800 000.000 | 2 174 840 400 000.000 | 2 196 282 500 000.000 | 2 250 029 800 000.000 | 2 291 043 800 000.000 | 2 334 198 400 000.000 | 2 149 742 100 000.000 | 2 295 184 000 000.000 | 2 353 742 082 719.960 | 2 368 615 983 011.870 | 2 396 747 039 163.750 |
Gross fixed capital formation, total, volume | Euro, 2014 |  | 472 550 400 000.000 | 469 792 100 000.000 | 469 972 800 000.000 | 474 254 700 000.000 | 486 215 700 000.000 | 510 351 200 000.000 | 526 845 300 000.000 | 548 653 900 000.000 | 502 334 000 000.000 | 559 563 800 000.000 | 570 881 918 769.631 | 577 413 943 840.981 | 582 514 578 480.075 |
Imports of goods and services, volume (national accounts basis) | Euro, 2014 |  | 617 263 700 000.000 | 632 940 500 000.000 | 664 479 700 000.000 | 701 754 600 000.000 | 721 682 700 000.000 | 755 888 600 000.000 | 779 103 600 000.000 | 797 471 400 000.000 | 693 508 400 000.000 | 747 830 700 000.000 | 811 071 815 600.000 | 835 617 466 701.467 | 854 708 881 154.915 |
Net exports, contributions to changes in real GDP | Percentage, 2014 |  | 0.007 | -0.001 | -0.005 | -0.004 | -0.004 | -0.001 | 0.004 | -0.003 | -0.011 | 0.001 | -0.004 | -0.002 | 0.003 |
Private final consumption expenditure, volume | Euro, 2014 |  | 1 152 052 100 000.000 | 1 158 616 900 000.000 | 1 168 666 800 000.000 | 1 185 552 100 000.000 | 1 204 544 700 000.000 | 1 224 279 800 000.000 | 1 236 217 000 000.000 | 1 258 243 600 000.000 | 1 172 719 600 000.000 | 1 234 526 000 000.000 | 1 265 543 486 605.000 | 1 271 019 543 782.980 | 1 284 223 223 917.180 |
Selected variables: ready-made growth rates | Exports of goods and services, volume, growth (national accounts basis) | Percentage, 2014 |  | 3.073 | 2.226 | 3.339 | 4.463 | 1.634 | 4.603 | 4.526 | 1.629 | -16.986 | 8.607 | 7.515 | 2.801 | 3.382 |
Government final consumption expenditure, volume, growth | Percentage, 2014 |  | 1.607 | 1.530 | 1.308 | 0.976 | 1.365 | 1.426 | 0.780 | 1.031 | -4.044 | 6.402 | 2.392 | 0.506 | 0.473 |
Gross domestic product, market prices, deflator, growth | Percentage, 2014 |  | 1.157 | 0.787 | 0.568 | 1.143 | 0.522 | 0.524 | 0.988 | 1.286 | 2.781 | 1.332 | 2.344 | 3.321 | 2.174 |
Gross domestic product, nominal value, growth | Percentage |  | 1.526 | 1.473 | 1.537 | 2.211 | 1.513 | 2.984 | 2.829 | 3.194 | -5.341 | 8.187 | 4.955 | 3.974 | 3.387 |
Gross domestic product, volume, growth | Percentage, 2014 |  | 0.365 | 0.681 | 0.963 | 1.056 | 0.986 | 2.447 | 1.823 | 1.884 | -7.902 | 6.766 | 2.551 | 0.632 | 1.188 |
Gross fixed capital formation, total, volume, growth | Percentage, 2014 |  | 0.242 | -0.584 | 0.038 | 0.911 | 2.522 | 4.964 | 3.232 | 4.139 | -8.442 | 11.393 | 2.023 | 1.144 | 0.883 |
Harmonised core inflation | Percentage, 2014 |  | 1.484 | 0.733 | 0.974 | 0.622 | 0.627 | 0.548 | 0.875 | 0.642 | 0.611 | 1.293 | 3.499 | 3.789 | 2.227 |
Harmonised headline inflation | Percentage, 2014 |  | 2.218 | 0.990 | 0.611 | 0.087 | 0.305 | 1.162 | 2.099 | 1.298 | 0.524 | 2.066 | 5.882 | 5.747 | 2.707 |
Imports of goods and services, volume, growth (national accounts basis) | Percentage, 2014 |  | 0.417 | 2.540 | 4.983 | 5.610 | 2.840 | 4.740 | 3.071 | 2.358 | -13.037 | 7.833 | 8.457 | 3.026 | 2.285 |
Private final consumption expenditure, volume, growth | Percentage, 2014 |  | -0.364 | 0.570 | 0.867 | 1.445 | 1.602 | 1.638 | 0.975 | 1.782 | -6.797 | 5.270 | 2.513 | 0.433 | 1.039 |
Household sector accounts | Gross disposable income of household and non-profit institutions serving households | Euro |  | 1 349 049 000 000.000 | 1 343 679 000 000.000 | 1 361 792 000 000.000 | 1 377 492 000 000.000 | 1 402 231 000 000.000 | 1 438 805 000 000.000 | 1 482 394 000 000.000 | 1 532 270 000 000.000 | 1 549 524 000 000.000 | 1 611 653 000 000.000 | 1 688 833 974 495.990 | 1 782 000 934 786.960 | 1 843 588 260 737.020 |
Prices and deflators | Consumer price index, harmonised | Index, 2014 |  | 0.984 | 0.994 | 1.000 | 1.001 | 1.004 | 1.016 | 1.037 | 1.050 | 1.056 | 1.078 | 1.141 | 1.207 | 1.239 |
Core inflation index, harmonised | Index, 2014 |  | 0.983 | 0.990 | 1.000 | 1.006 | 1.013 | 1.018 | 1.027 | 1.034 | 1.040 | 1.053 | 1.090 | 1.131 | 1.157 |
Exports of goods and services, deflator (national accounts basis) | Index, 2014 |  | 1.009 | 1.007 | 1.000 | 1.008 | 0.995 | 1.003 | 1.011 | 1.023 | 1.012 | 1.081 | 1.234 | 1.285 | 1.307 |
Gross domestic product, market prices, deflator | Index, 2014 |  | 0.987 | 0.994 | 1.000 | 1.011 | 1.017 | 1.022 | 1.032 | 1.045 | 1.074 | 1.089 | 1.114 | 1.151 | 1.176 |
Imports of goods and services, deflator (national accounts basis) | Index, 2014 |  | 1.033 | 1.019 | 1.000 | 0.977 | 0.955 | 0.975 | 0.995 | 0.997 | 0.979 | 1.047 | 1.242 | 1.301 | 1.320 |
Purchasing power parity, national currency per USD | Euro |  | 0.844 | 0.812 | 0.808 | 0.809 | 0.780 | 0.770 | 0.756 | 0.739 | 0.727 | 0.725 | 0.699 | 0.696 | 0.696 |
Labour markets | Labour force | Persons |  | 29 260 442.078 | 29 386 945.181 | 29 417 525.000 | 29 513 275.000 | 29 568 175.000 | 29 609 000.000 | 29 725 625.000 | 29 659 175.000 | 29 386 050.000 | 30 110 100.000 | 30 658 877.978 | 30 817 957.666 | 30 842 079.181 |
Total employment (labour force survey basis) | Persons |  | 26 383 692.078 | 26 337 945.181 | 26 376 025.000 | 26 441 775.000 | 26 579 675.000 | 26 803 000.000 | 27 021 375.000 | 27 132 175.000 | 26 995 300.000 | 27 727 600.000 | 28 395 229.064 | 28 434 599.807 | 28 358 099.179 |
Unemployment rate | Percentage |  | 9.832 | 10.375 | 10.339 | 10.407 | 10.107 | 9.477 | 9.097 | 8.520 | 8.136 | 7.913 | 7.383 | 7.734 | 8.054 |
Monetary data | Long-term interest rate on government bonds | Percentage |  | 2.536 | 2.204 | 1.666 | 0.842 | 0.468 | 0.810 | 0.784 | 0.130 | -0.145 | 0.007 | 1.945 | 5.070 | 4.983 |
Short-term interest rate | Percentage |  | 0.573 | 0.221 | 0.210 | -0.019 | -0.264 | -0.329 | -0.322 | -0.356 | -0.425 | -0.549 | 0.499 | 3.838 | 3.900 |