External sectors, trade and payments | Current account balance as a percentage of GDP | Percentage |  | 5.325 | 5.103 | 4.918 | 4.727 | 4.726 | 4.439 | 6.496 | 8.907 | 8.599 | 7.910 | 7.625 | 4.607 | 6.672 | 6.580 |
Exchange rate, national currency per USD | Euro |  | 0.778 | 0.753 | 0.754 | 0.901 | 0.904 | 0.887 | 0.847 | 0.893 | 0.878 | 0.846 | 0.951 | 0.928 | 0.937 | 0.937 |
Exchange rate, USD per national currency | US Dollar |  | 1.286 | 1.328 | 1.329 | 1.109 | 1.106 | 1.129 | 1.181 | 1.119 | 1.141 | 1.183 | 1.054 | 1.078 | 1.067 | 1.067 |
Exports of goods and services, volume in USD (national accounts basis) | US Dollar, 2015 |  | 96 747 664 467.959 | 102 833 009 779.203 | 109 532 703 480.768 | 115 197 807 798.246 | 121 296 196 547.915 | 121 022 063 585.402 | 125 403 053 703.462 | 132 936 796 419.315 | 133 666 814 083.710 | 147 434 706 910.118 | 146 578 650 005.466 | 143 435 630 629.171 | 144 134 579 128.561 | 148 065 829 414.035 |
Goods and services trade, volume in USD | US Dollar, 2015 |  | 87 749 532 858.773 | 93 228 764 395.778 | 100 001 957 149.368 | 105 416 385 464.998 | 110 244 026 693.567 | 110 472 082 241.855 | 114 512 292 096.924 | 122 144 598 546.433 | 122 278 645 447.975 | 136 056 368 760.162 | 134 469 238 494.208 | 132 038 251 841.851 | 132 687 906 791.765 | 136 168 323 702.827 |
Imports of goods and services, volume in USD (national accounts basis) | US Dollar, 2015 |  | 78 751 401 249.587 | 83 624 519 012.353 | 90 471 210 817.968 | 95 634 963 131.750 | 99 191 856 839.219 | 99 922 100 898.308 | 103 621 530 490.385 | 111 352 400 673.550 | 110 890 476 812.241 | 124 678 030 610.205 | 122 359 826 982.950 | 120 640 873 054.531 | 121 241 234 454.969 | 124 270 817 991.620 |
Government accounts | General government gross financial assets as a percentage of GDP | Percentage |  | 74.410 | 76.697 | 78.560 | 77.366 | 76.991 | 78.536 | 79.126 | 85.335 | 83.096 | 83.082 | 75.988 | 71.500 | 67.250 | 64.000 |
General government gross financial liabilities as a percentage of GDP | Ratio |  | 27.628 | 28.150 | 29.000 | 28.889 | 26.879 | 28.545 | 29.095 | 30.810 | 32.818 | 31.405 | 29.349 | 30.629 | 32.446 | 33.111 |
General government net lending as a percentage of GDP | Percentage |  | 0.509 | 0.847 | 1.339 | 1.331 | 1.893 | 1.364 | 2.981 | 2.231 | -3.445 | 0.576 | -0.286 | -2.625 | -2.935 | -1.884 |
General government primary balance as a percentage of GDP | Percentage |  | 0.292 | 0.686 | 1.094 | 1.090 | 1.650 | 1.142 | 2.773 | 2.024 | -3.676 | 0.304 | -0.569 | -2.833 | -2.884 | -1.711 |
Gross public debt, Maastricht criterion as a percentage of GDP | Percentage |  | 20.958 | 22.485 | 21.858 | 21.070 | 19.590 | 21.740 | 20.934 | 22.453 | 24.611 | 24.538 | 24.642 | 25.922 | 27.739 | 28.404 |
Expenditure and GDP | Change in inventories, contributions to changes in real GDP | Percentage, 2015 |  | -0.005 | 0.000 | 0.003 | 0.017 | -0.009 | 0.004 | -0.002 | -0.002 | -0.001 | 0.002 | -0.005 | -0.005 | 0.004 | 0.000 |
Exports of goods and services, volume (national accounts basis) | Euro, 2015 |  | 87 213 126 000.000 | 92 698 757 000.000 | 98 738 192 000.000 | 103 844 997 000.000 | 109 342 386 000.000 | 109 095 269 000.000 | 113 044 510 000.000 | 119 835 798 000.000 | 120 493 872 000.000 | 132 904 931 000.000 | 132 133 239 000.000 | 129 299 966 006.872 | 129 930 032 726.106 | 133 473 856 014.968 |
Government final consumption expenditure, volume | Euro, 2015 |  | 8 054 339 000.000 | 8 389 978 000.000 | 8 477 565 000.000 | 8 633 056 000.000 | 8 725 898 000.000 | 9 117 166 000.000 | 9 608 722 000.000 | 9 859 426 000.000 | 10 519 799 000.000 | 11 083 106 000.000 | 11 406 411 000.000 | 11 784 750 558.800 | 12 310 096 427.960 | 12 545 022 326.691 |
Gross capital formation, total, volume | Euro, 2015 |  | 9 142 166 000.000 | 9 241 452 000.000 | 10 166 567 000.000 | 10 259 643 000.000 | 9 978 496 000.000 | 10 722 131 000.000 | 9 853 379 000.000 | 11 004 663 000.000 | 10 298 254 000.000 | 12 005 338 000.000 | 10 836 523 000.000 | 10 582 216 480.049 | 10 739 455 098.450 | 10 906 005 287.808 |
Gross domestic product, nominal value, market prices | Euro |  | 46 283 541 000.000 | 48 910 512 000.000 | 51 772 166 000.000 | 54 259 169 000.000 | 56 203 374 000.000 | 58 306 188 000.000 | 60 033 551 000.000 | 62 179 059 000.000 | 64 505 623 000.000 | 72 258 861 000.000 | 77 815 916 000.000 | 83 440 286 206.510 | 90 364 405 838.772 | 95 963 843 484.832 |
Gross domestic product, volume in USD, at constant purchasing power parities | US Dollar, 2015 |  | 56 857 276 785.218 | 58 658 792 272.145 | 60 196 738 841.933 | 61 569 752 296.256 | 64 641 520 628.705 | 65 497 067 072.414 | 66 314 091 800.122 | 68 251 480 140.655 | 67 648 376 444.679 | 72 486 538 527.004 | 73 509 522 555.278 | 72 720 710 818.530 | 73 738 819 612.586 | 76 042 015 715.937 |
Gross domestic product, volume in USD, constant exchange rates | US Dollar, 2015 |  | 55 589 577 644.412 | 57 350 926 247.449 | 58 854 582 509.024 | 60 196 983 030.847 | 63 200 262 714.243 | 64 036 733 754.540 | 64 835 541 965.315 | 66 729 733 978.595 | 66 140 077 181.247 | 70 870 366 810.623 | 71 870 542 219.719 | 71 099 317 958.444 | 72 094 726 832.341 | 74 346 570 498.741 |
Gross domestic product, volume, market prices | Euro, 2015 |  | 49 967 822 000.000 | 51 551 046 000.000 | 52 902 638 000.000 | 54 109 282 000.000 | 56 808 841 000.000 | 57 560 720 000.000 | 58 278 745 000.000 | 59 981 378 000.000 | 59 451 353 000.000 | 63 703 270 000.000 | 64 602 298 000.000 | 63 909 067 393.788 | 64 803 810 896.721 | 66 827 926 356.174 |
Gross fixed capital formation, total, volume | Euro, 2015 |  | 9 345 445 000.000 | 9 427 855 000.000 | 10 210 934 000.000 | 9 404 787 000.000 | 9 633 008 000.000 | 10 153 640 000.000 | 9 381 758 000.000 | 10 665 784 000.000 | 10 014 841 000.000 | 11 616 092 000.000 | 10 766 451 000.000 | 10 836 895 468.000 | 10 760 779 104.182 | 10 932 722 701.646 |
Imports of goods and services, volume (national accounts basis) | Euro, 2015 |  | 70 996 543 000.000 | 75 389 792 000.000 | 81 562 272 000.000 | 86 217 536 000.000 | 89 424 173 000.000 | 90 082 508 000.000 | 93 417 645 000.000 | 100 387 236 000.000 | 99 970 799 000.000 | 112 400 656 000.000 | 110 310 732 000.000 | 108 761 048 000.000 | 109 302 290 229.413 | 112 033 542 682.309 |
Net exports, contributions to changes in real GDP | Percentage, 2015 |  | 0.002 | 0.021 | -0.003 | 0.009 | 0.042 | -0.016 | 0.010 | -0.004 | 0.019 | -0.001 | 0.021 | -0.020 | 0.001 | 0.013 |
Private final consumption expenditure, volume | Euro, 2015 |  | 16 461 134 000.000 | 16 586 940 000.000 | 17 089 903 000.000 | 17 612 589 000.000 | 18 205 940 000.000 | 18 747 720 000.000 | 19 241 664 000.000 | 19 732 419 000.000 | 18 070 311 000.000 | 20 114 829 000.000 | 20 578 081 000.000 | 21 071 428 848.639 | 21 507 132 358.894 | 22 374 640 486.791 |
Selected variables: ready-made growth rates | Exports of goods and services, volume, growth (national accounts basis) | Percentage, 2015 |  | 1.587 | 6.290 | 6.515 | 5.172 | 5.294 | -0.226 | 3.620 | 6.008 | 0.549 | 10.300 | -0.581 | -2.144 | 0.487 | 2.727 |
Government final consumption expenditure, volume, growth | Percentage, 2015 |  | 3.704 | 4.167 | 1.044 | 1.834 | 1.075 | 4.484 | 5.392 | 2.609 | 6.698 | 5.355 | 2.917 | 3.317 | 4.458 | 1.908 |
Gross domestic product, market prices, deflator, growth | Percentage, 2015 |  | 2.474 | 2.430 | 3.146 | 2.467 | -1.339 | 2.386 | 1.694 | 0.634 | 4.667 | 4.543 | 6.192 | 8.391 | 6.803 | 2.980 |
Gross domestic product, nominal value, growth | Percentage |  | 4.148 | 5.676 | 5.851 | 4.804 | 3.583 | 3.741 | 2.963 | 3.574 | 3.742 | 12.019 | 7.690 | 7.228 | 8.298 | 6.197 |
Gross domestic product, volume, growth | Percentage, 2015 |  | 1.634 | 3.168 | 2.622 | 2.281 | 4.989 | 1.324 | 1.247 | 2.922 | -0.884 | 7.152 | 1.411 | -1.073 | 1.400 | 3.123 |
Gross fixed capital formation, total, volume, growth | Percentage, 2015 |  | 2.160 | 0.882 | 8.306 | -7.895 | 2.427 | 5.405 | -7.602 | 13.686 | -6.103 | 15.989 | -7.314 | 0.654 | -0.702 | 1.598 |
Harmonised core inflation | Percentage, 2015 |  | 2.113 | 1.972 | 1.274 | 1.676 | 1.008 | 1.362 | 0.884 | 1.817 | 1.232 | 1.525 | 4.246 | 4.083 | 3.670 | 2.522 |
Harmonised headline inflation | Percentage, 2015 |  | 2.892 | 1.699 | 0.695 | 0.058 | 0.038 | 2.109 | 2.016 | 1.650 | 0.004 | 3.474 | 8.156 | 3.097 | 3.442 | 2.294 |
Imports of goods and services, volume, growth (national accounts basis) | Percentage, 2015 |  | 1.753 | 6.188 | 8.187 | 5.708 | 3.719 | 0.736 | 3.702 | 7.461 | -0.415 | 12.433 | -1.859 | -1.405 | 0.498 | 2.499 |
Private final consumption expenditure, volume, growth | Percentage, 2015 |  | 2.425 | 0.764 | 3.032 | 3.058 | 3.369 | 2.976 | 2.635 | 2.550 | -8.423 | 11.314 | 2.303 | 2.397 | 2.068 | 4.034 |
Household sector accounts | Net disposable income of households and non-profit institutions serving households | Euro |  | 16 951 891 302.764 | 18 013 434 370.836 | 18 619 636 698.560 | 18 926 214 978.087 | 19 410 394 089.285 | 20 776 143 245.864 | 21 669 777 305.031 | 22 893 398 894.251 | 24 527 557 384.600 | 24 961 244 068.435 | 26 716 802 111.667 | 30 110 354 969.110 | 31 120 988 680.132 | 31 981 553 968.805 |
Prices and deflators | Consumer price index, harmonised | Index, 2015 |  | 0.976 | 0.993 | 0.999 | 1.000 | 1.000 | 1.021 | 1.042 | 1.059 | 1.059 | 1.096 | 1.186 | 1.222 | 1.264 | 1.293 |
Core inflation index, harmonised | Index, 2015 |  | 0.952 | 0.971 | 0.984 | 1.000 | 1.010 | 1.024 | 1.033 | 1.052 | 1.065 | 1.081 | 1.127 | 1.173 | 1.216 | 1.246 |
Exports of goods and services, deflator (national accounts basis) | Index, 2015 |  | 0.913 | 0.934 | 0.958 | 1.000 | 0.982 | 1.027 | 1.050 | 1.075 | 1.087 | 1.160 | 1.240 | 1.298 | 1.350 | 1.380 |
Gross domestic product, market prices, deflator | Index, 2015 |  | 0.926 | 0.949 | 0.979 | 1.003 | 0.989 | 1.013 | 1.030 | 1.037 | 1.085 | 1.134 | 1.205 | 1.306 | 1.394 | 1.436 |
Imports of goods and services, deflator (national accounts basis) | Index, 2015 |  | 0.921 | 0.939 | 0.956 | 1.000 | 0.988 | 1.039 | 1.060 | 1.094 | 1.091 | 1.157 | 1.246 | 1.286 | 1.314 | 1.341 |
Purchasing power parity, national currency per USD | Euro |  | 0.907 | 0.895 | 0.884 | 0.881 | 0.852 | 0.848 | 0.849 | 0.842 | 0.856 | 0.859 | 0.844 | 0.877 | 0.926 | 0.939 |
Labour markets | Labour force | Persons |  | 244 099.392 | 250 855.146 | 257 151.656 | 261 659.004 | 266 483.380 | 273 320.250 | 279 677.372 | 286 812.288 | 294 038.854 | 297 969.861 | 302 315.423 | 308 773.423 | 311 834.757 | 316 824.355 |
Total employment (labour force survey basis) | Persons |  | 229 212.144 | 233 721.054 | 238 915.507 | 243 896.410 | 249 552.832 | 257 143.258 | 264 422.102 | 271 415.853 | 275 329.639 | 280 846.325 | 287 750.455 | 292 491.826 | 292 821.476 | 297 754.003 |
Unemployment rate | Percentage |  | 6.099 | 6.830 | 7.092 | 6.788 | 6.353 | 5.919 | 5.455 | 5.368 | 6.363 | 5.747 | 4.818 | 5.273 | 6.097 | 6.019 |
Monetary data | Long-term interest rate on government bonds | Percentage |  | 1.821 | 1.851 | 1.337 | 0.369 | 0.254 | 0.545 | 0.565 | -0.121 | -0.414 | -0.357 | 1.728 | 3.050 | 3.968 | 4.049 |
Short-term interest rate | Percentage |  | 0.573 | 0.221 | 0.210 | -0.019 | -0.264 | -0.329 | -0.322 | -0.356 | -0.425 | -0.549 | 0.342 | 3.386 | 3.777 | 3.527 |