External sectors, trade and payments | Current account balance as a percentage of GDP | Percentage |  | 5.303 | 5.089 | 4.922 | 4.840 | 4.771 | 4.742 | 3.746 | 3.430 | 3.174 | 4.573 | 4.963 | 8.818 | 8.611 |
Exchange rate, national currency per USD | Euro |  | 0.778 | 0.753 | 0.754 | 0.901 | 0.904 | 0.887 | 0.847 | 0.893 | 0.878 | 0.846 | 0.951 | 0.923 | 0.921 |
Exchange rate, USD per national currency | US Dollar |  | 1.286 | 1.328 | 1.329 | 1.109 | 1.106 | 1.129 | 1.181 | 1.119 | 1.141 | 1.183 | 1.054 | 1.084 | 1.086 |
Exports of goods and services, volume in USD (national accounts basis) | US Dollar, 2015 |  | 96 746 350 157.402 | 102 830 278 073.284 | 109 527 595 450.906 | 115 195 543 532.391 | 121 295 699 921.176 | 121 021 114 914.016 | 125 402 639 525.295 | 131 090 111 916.239 | 131 318 804 812.148 | 144 077 329 799.854 | 143 242 346 081.765 | 144 645 696 066.922 | 148 411 348 171.730 |
Goods and services trade, volume in USD | US Dollar, 2015 |  | 87 747 500 875.616 | 93 226 434 566.955 | 99 996 566 653.235 | 105 413 867 056.315 | 110 241 538 950.921 | 110 474 647 934.721 | 114 522 206 844.853 | 120 333 113 282.052 | 120 202 610 416.943 | 133 050 243 018.163 | 132 120 188 764.034 | 133 642 177 240.021 | 137 320 685 020.980 |
Imports of goods and services, volume in USD (national accounts basis) | US Dollar, 2015 |  | 78 748 651 593.830 | 83 622 591 060.626 | 90 465 537 855.564 | 95 632 190 580.238 | 99 187 377 980.666 | 99 928 180 955.425 | 103 641 774 164.412 | 109 576 114 647.865 | 109 086 416 021.738 | 122 023 156 236.472 | 120 998 031 446.303 | 122 638 658 413.120 | 126 230 021 870.231 |
Government accounts | General government gross financial assets as a percentage of GDP | Percentage |  | 73.875 | 76.273 | 78.363 | 77.275 | 76.783 | 78.357 | 78.576 | 84.621 | 82.312 | 82.854 | 75.057 | 75.057 | 75.057 |
General government gross financial liabilities as a percentage of GDP | Ratio |  | 27.491 | 28.075 | 29.010 | 28.943 | 26.897 | 28.640 | 29.085 | 30.761 | 32.718 | 31.483 | 28.880 | 32.093 | 35.999 |
General government net lending as a percentage of GDP | Percentage |  | 0.507 | 0.845 | 1.340 | 1.335 | 1.895 | 1.368 | 2.978 | 2.241 | -3.427 | 0.719 | 0.176 | -2.296 | -2.263 |
General government primary balance as a percentage of GDP | Percentage |  | 0.291 | 0.684 | 1.095 | 1.094 | 1.652 | 1.146 | 2.770 | 2.033 | -3.659 | 0.445 | -0.111 | -2.539 | -2.401 |
Gross public debt, Maastricht criterion as a percentage of GDP | Percentage |  | 20.877 | 22.428 | 21.879 | 21.135 | 19.614 | 21.817 | 20.918 | 22.397 | 24.525 | 24.558 | 24.595 | 27.808 | 31.714 |
Expenditure and GDP | Change in inventories, contributions to changes in real GDP | Percentage, 2015 |  | -0.005 | 0.000 | 0.003 | 0.017 | -0.009 | 0.004 | -0.001 | 0.000 | -0.003 | 0.006 | -0.002 | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Exports of goods and services, volume (national accounts basis) | Euro, 2015 |  | 87 211 062 000.000 | 92 695 360 000.000 | 98 732 592 000.000 | 103 841 909 000.000 | 109 340 836 000.000 | 109 093 314 000.000 | 113 042 997 000.000 | 118 169 914 000.000 | 118 376 067 000.000 | 129 877 116 000.000 | 129 124 428 000.000 | 130 389 464 276.450 | 133 783 974 959.784 |
Government final consumption expenditure, volume | Euro, 2015 |  | 8 067 402 000.000 | 8 390 378 000.000 | 8 475 735 000.000 | 8 632 260 000.000 | 8 717 098 000.000 | 9 126 008 000.000 | 9 622 937 000.000 | 9 847 969 000.000 | 10 560 230 000.000 | 11 137 890 000.000 | 11 596 135 000.000 | 12 234 010 454.518 | 12 767 907 477.942 |
Gross capital formation, total, volume | Euro, 2015 |  | 9 151 516 000.000 | 9 241 897 000.000 | 10 164 703 000.000 | 10 257 460 000.000 | 9 978 927 000.000 | 10 722 550 000.000 | 9 855 584 000.000 | 10 751 580 000.000 | 10 242 478 000.000 | 11 157 810 000.000 | 11 037 155 000.000 | 10 690 470 437.475 | 10 703 759 491.022 |
Gross domestic product, nominal value, market prices | Euro |  | 46 469 278 000.000 | 49 040 346 000.000 | 51 728 612 000.000 | 54 097 437 000.000 | 56 138 694 000.000 | 58 112 561 000.000 | 60 091 950 000.000 | 62 343 544 000.000 | 64 744 787 000.000 | 72 209 306 000.000 | 78 157 496 000.000 | 79 740 241 687.415 | 82 911 738 571.711 |
Gross domestic product, volume in USD, at constant purchasing power parities | US Dollar, 2015 |  | 56 690 236 624.133 | 58 483 187 350.313 | 60 016 592 492.750 | 61 386 362 266.960 | 64 448 934 128.287 | 65 303 508 545.093 | 66 122 240 147.774 | 67 661 378 960.611 | 67 134 829 710.577 | 70 556 812 174.290 | 71 669 012 631.839 | 72 249 110 780.933 | 73 686 088 903.353 |
Gross domestic product, volume in USD, constant exchange rates | US Dollar, 2015 |  | 55 426 261 838.063 | 57 179 236 641.659 | 58 678 452 732.291 | 60 017 681 895.622 | 63 011 970 153.921 | 63 847 490 839.785 | 64 647 967 868.769 | 66 152 789 790.946 | 65 637 980 569.095 | 68 983 665 952.216 | 70 071 068 606.491 | 70 638 232 792.392 | 72 043 171 815.612 |
Gross domestic product, volume, market prices | Euro, 2015 |  | 49 970 165 000.000 | 51 550 579 000.000 | 52 902 214 000.000 | 54 109 611 000.000 | 56 809 145 000.000 | 57 562 418 000.000 | 58 284 097 000.000 | 59 640 786 000.000 | 59 176 654 000.000 | 62 192 994 000.000 | 63 173 354 000.000 | 63 684 687 202.199 | 64 951 325 659.801 |
Gross fixed capital formation, total, volume | Euro, 2015 |  | 9 345 402 000.000 | 9 427 721 000.000 | 10 210 478 000.000 | 9 403 375 000.000 | 9 630 046 000.000 | 10 151 173 000.000 | 9 376 651 000.000 | 10 248 540 000.000 | 9 931 799 000.000 | 10 528 512 000.000 | 10 531 290 000.000 | 10 106 377 166.522 | 10 120 078 894.348 |
Imports of goods and services, volume (national accounts basis) | Euro, 2015 |  | 70 992 985 000.000 | 75 386 908 000.000 | 81 555 918 000.000 | 86 213 726 000.000 | 89 418 776 000.000 | 90 086 620 000.000 | 93 434 475 000.000 | 98 784 364 000.000 | 98 342 894 000.000 | 110 005 542 000.000 | 109 081 378 000.000 | 110 560 425 619.083 | 113 798 088 828.292 |
Net exports, contributions to changes in real GDP | Percentage, 2015 |  | 0.003 | 0.021 | -0.003 | 0.009 | 0.042 | -0.016 | 0.010 | -0.005 | 0.011 | -0.002 | 0.003 | -0.003 | 0.003 |
Private final consumption expenditure, volume | Euro, 2015 |  | 16 461 239 000.000 | 16 587 128 000.000 | 17 089 971 000.000 | 17 612 267 000.000 | 18 205 004 000.000 | 18 745 821 000.000 | 19 239 756 000.000 | 19 680 982 000.000 | 18 264 947 000.000 | 19 981 947 000.000 | 20 541 090 000.000 | 21 027 894 926.319 | 21 634 223 016.695 |
Selected variables: ready-made growth rates | Exports of goods and services, volume, growth (national accounts basis) | Percentage, 2015 |  | 1.586 | 6.289 | 6.513 | 5.175 | 5.295 | -0.226 | 3.620 | 4.535 | 0.174 | 9.716 | -0.580 | 0.980 | 2.603 |
Government final consumption expenditure, volume, growth | Percentage, 2015 |  | 3.983 | 4.003 | 1.017 | 1.847 | 0.983 | 4.691 | 5.445 | 2.338 | 7.233 | 5.470 | 4.114 | 5.501 | 4.364 |
Gross domestic product, market prices, deflator, growth | Percentage, 2015 |  | 3.210 | 2.297 | 2.787 | 2.246 | -1.158 | 2.161 | 2.126 | 1.387 | 4.666 | 6.120 | 6.558 | 1.206 | 1.950 |
Gross domestic product, nominal value, growth | Percentage |  | 4.896 | 5.533 | 5.482 | 4.579 | 3.773 | 3.516 | 3.406 | 3.747 | 3.852 | 11.529 | 8.237 | 2.025 | 3.977 |
Gross domestic product, volume, growth | Percentage, 2015 |  | 1.633 | 3.163 | 2.622 | 2.282 | 4.989 | 1.326 | 1.254 | 2.328 | -0.778 | 5.097 | 1.576 | 0.809 | 1.989 |
Gross fixed capital formation, total, volume, growth | Percentage, 2015 |  | 2.160 | 0.881 | 8.303 | -7.905 | 2.411 | 5.411 | -7.630 | 9.299 | -3.091 | 6.008 | 0.026 | -4.035 | 0.136 |
Harmonised core inflation | Percentage, 2015 |  | 2.113 | 1.972 | 1.274 | 1.676 | 1.008 | 1.362 | 0.884 | 1.817 | 1.232 | 1.525 | 4.246 | 4.532 | 3.969 |
Harmonised headline inflation | Percentage, 2015 |  | 2.892 | 1.699 | 0.695 | 0.058 | 0.038 | 2.109 | 2.016 | 1.650 | 0.004 | 3.474 | 8.156 | 3.455 | 3.713 |
Imports of goods and services, volume, growth (national accounts basis) | Percentage, 2015 |  | 1.744 | 6.189 | 8.183 | 5.711 | 3.718 | 0.747 | 3.716 | 5.726 | -0.447 | 11.859 | -0.840 | 1.356 | 2.928 |
Private final consumption expenditure, volume, growth | Percentage, 2015 |  | 2.426 | 0.765 | 3.032 | 3.056 | 3.365 | 2.971 | 2.635 | 2.293 | -7.195 | 9.401 | 2.798 | 2.370 | 2.883 |
Household sector accounts | Net disposable income of households and non-profit institutions serving households | Euro |  | 16 951 891 302.764 | 18 013 434 370.836 | 18 619 636 698.560 | 18 926 214 978.086 | 19 410 394 089.285 | 20 776 143 245.864 | 21 669 777 305.031 | 22 924 649 875.410 | 24 412 670 260.698 | 25 015 342 320.634 | 26 985 408 774.648 | 30 371 492 780.194 | 31 714 472 284.141 |
Prices and deflators | Consumer price index, harmonised | Index, 2015 |  | 0.976 | 0.993 | 0.999 | 1.000 | 1.000 | 1.021 | 1.042 | 1.059 | 1.059 | 1.096 | 1.186 | 1.226 | 1.272 |
Core inflation index, harmonised | Index, 2015 |  | 0.952 | 0.971 | 0.984 | 1.000 | 1.010 | 1.024 | 1.033 | 1.052 | 1.065 | 1.081 | 1.127 | 1.178 | 1.225 |
Exports of goods and services, deflator (national accounts basis) | Index, 2015 |  | 0.913 | 0.934 | 0.958 | 1.000 | 0.982 | 1.027 | 1.050 | 1.078 | 1.091 | 1.176 | 1.267 | 1.284 | 1.299 |
Gross domestic product, market prices, deflator | Index, 2015 |  | 0.930 | 0.951 | 0.978 | 1.000 | 0.988 | 1.010 | 1.031 | 1.045 | 1.094 | 1.161 | 1.237 | 1.252 | 1.277 |
Imports of goods and services, deflator (national accounts basis) | Index, 2015 |  | 0.921 | 0.939 | 0.956 | 1.000 | 0.988 | 1.039 | 1.060 | 1.095 | 1.090 | 1.160 | 1.254 | 1.284 | 1.303 |
Purchasing power parity, national currency per USD | Euro |  | 0.907 | 0.895 | 0.884 | 0.881 | 0.852 | 0.848 | 0.849 | 0.842 | 0.856 | 0.859 | 0.832 | 0.805 | 0.796 |
Labour markets | Labour force | Persons |  | 244 098.092 | 250 853.891 | 257 150.490 | 261 657.895 | 266 482.564 | 273 321.458 | 279 686.277 | 287 003.272 | 294 068.897 | 298 815.919 | 303 799.443 | 308 357.193 | 314 027.684 |
Total employment (labour force survey basis) | Persons |  | 229 210.794 | 233 719.717 | 238 914.194 | 243 895.090 | 249 551.722 | 257 143.903 | 264 429.516 | 271 603.374 | 275 353.227 | 281 689.388 | 289 227.826 | 292 114.513 | 297 116.892 |
Unemployment rate | Percentage |  | 6.099 | 6.830 | 7.092 | 6.789 | 6.353 | 5.919 | 5.455 | 5.366 | 6.364 | 5.731 | 4.796 | 5.267 | 5.385 |
Monetary data | Long-term interest rate on government bonds | Percentage |  | 1.821 | 1.851 | 1.337 | 0.369 | 0.254 | 0.545 | 0.565 | -0.121 | -0.414 | -0.357 | 1.728 | 3.199 | 3.545 |
Short-term interest rate | Percentage |  | 0.573 | 0.221 | 0.210 | -0.019 | -0.264 | -0.329 | -0.322 | -0.356 | -0.425 | -0.549 | 0.342 | 3.206 | 3.405 |