External sectors, trade and payments | Current account balance as a percentage of GDP | Percentage |  | 1.296 | 3.300 | 5.097 | 3.817 | 4.777 | 6.218 | 5.874 | 5.854 | 7.222 | 3.312 | -1.014 | 4.499 | 3.104 | 3.783 |
Exchange rate, national currency per USD | Euro |  | 0.778 | 0.753 | 0.754 | 0.901 | 0.904 | 0.887 | 0.847 | 0.893 | 0.878 | 0.846 | 0.951 | 0.928 | 0.937 | 0.937 |
Exchange rate, USD per national currency | US Dollar |  | 1.286 | 1.328 | 1.329 | 1.109 | 1.106 | 1.129 | 1.181 | 1.119 | 1.141 | 1.183 | 1.054 | 1.078 | 1.067 | 1.067 |
Exports of goods and services, volume in USD (national accounts basis) | US Dollar, 2015 |  | 29 056 712 215.063 | 29 946 461 133.493 | 31 746 434 111.367 | 33 251 615 602.873 | 35 301 034 811.058 | 39 209 303 011.320 | 41 622 770 555.897 | 43 488 238 329.752 | 39 779 027 949.870 | 45 536 748 208.857 | 48 798 558 421.905 | 47 564 233 142.755 | 48 312 011 527.432 | 49 923 601 663.193 |
Goods and services trade, volume in USD | US Dollar, 2015 |  | 27 960 069 163.492 | 28 688 550 074.607 | 30 158 683 725.192 | 31 528 195 415.859 | 33 490 106 460.327 | 37 134 596 397.020 | 39 583 632 774.819 | 41 392 832 624.724 | 37 746 689 501.108 | 43 801 800 942.194 | 47 324 083 955.473 | 45 198 812 425.776 | 45 801 920 493.692 | 47 340 665 946.102 |
Imports of goods and services, volume in USD (national accounts basis) | US Dollar, 2015 |  | 26 863 426 111.922 | 27 430 639 015.721 | 28 570 933 339.017 | 29 804 775 228.846 | 31 679 178 109.597 | 35 059 889 782.719 | 37 544 494 993.741 | 39 297 426 919.696 | 35 714 351 052.346 | 42 066 853 675.531 | 45 849 609 489.042 | 42 833 391 708.798 | 43 291 829 459.953 | 44 757 730 229.011 |
Government accounts | General government gross financial assets as a percentage of GDP | Percentage |  | 53.900 | 66.581 | 78.145 | 77.894 | 69.560 | 63.410 | 61.827 | 61.565 | 71.105 | 62.959 | 52.580 | 52.580 | 52.580 | 52.580 |
General government gross financial liabilities as a percentage of GDP | Ratio |  | 62.812 | 80.572 | 100.001 | 103.164 | 98.001 | 90.292 | 84.829 | 86.672 | 109.807 | 95.117 | 74.406 | 76.842 | 79.137 | 80.536 |
General government net lending as a percentage of GDP | Percentage |  | -3.995 | -14.579 | -5.507 | -2.847 | -1.919 | -0.053 | 0.744 | 0.716 | -7.646 | -4.617 | -3.011 | -4.516 | -3.839 | -2.941 |
General government primary balance as a percentage of GDP | Percentage |  | -2.568 | -12.591 | -2.702 | 0.000 | 0.717 | 2.123 | 2.538 | 2.200 | -6.247 | -3.496 | -2.100 | -3.715 | -2.733 | -1.892 |
Gross public debt, Maastricht criterion as a percentage of GDP | Percentage |  | 53.561 | 70.006 | 80.299 | 82.587 | 78.520 | 74.150 | 70.290 | 65.358 | 79.550 | 74.368 | 72.311 | 71.378 | 70.103 | 68.550 |
Expenditure and GDP | Change in inventories, contributions to changes in real GDP | Percentage, 2010 |  | -0.020 | 0.002 | 0.003 | 0.003 | 0.006 | 0.007 | 0.004 | -0.009 | 0.001 | 0.004 | 0.010 | -0.047 | -0.003 | 0.000 |
Exports of goods and services, volume (national accounts basis) | Euro, 2010 |  | 25 102 113 093.000 | 25 870 767 778.000 | 27 425 765 636.000 | 28 726 092 932.000 | 30 496 587 555.000 | 33 872 943 064.000 | 35 957 939 288.000 | 37 569 518 144.000 | 34 365 128 819.000 | 39 339 227 197.000 | 42 157 107 219.000 | 41 090 772 785.791 | 41 736 779 031.843 | 43 129 032 826.698 |
Government final consumption expenditure, volume | Euro, 2010 |  | 7 242 570 603.000 | 7 100 838 912.000 | 7 083 392 327.000 | 7 249 565 520.000 | 7 425 120 094.000 | 7 455 734 609.000 | 7 668 544 254.000 | 7 808 459 314.000 | 8 133 786 390.000 | 8 629 847 659.000 | 8 582 829 356.000 | 8 749 965 023.205 | 8 930 914 943.077 | 9 056 624 947.526 |
Gross capital formation, total, volume | Euro, 2010 |  | 6 555 994 845.000 | 6 859 087 003.000 | 6 976 551 203.000 | 6 990 249 771.000 | 6 963 664 688.000 | 7 903 878 533.000 | 8 778 066 158.000 | 8 825 078 869.000 | 8 264 826 112.000 | 9 411 650 550.000 | 10 152 810 281.000 | 8 969 537 202.429 | 9 182 149 153.711 | 9 547 745 179.544 |
Gross domestic product, nominal value, market prices | Euro |  | 36 253 272 036.000 | 36 454 332 674.000 | 37 634 292 005.000 | 38 852 640 732.000 | 40 443 216 768.000 | 43 011 339 179.000 | 45 876 349 630.000 | 48 582 307 353.000 | 47 044 922 336.000 | 52 278 763 739.000 | 57 037 703 489.000 | 63 044 641 802.686 | 67 329 451 587.106 | 71 480 161 562.166 |
Gross domestic product, volume in USD, at constant purchasing power parities | US Dollar, 2015 |  | 62 780 329 645.846 | 62 134 141 729.217 | 63 854 113 013.695 | 65 265 341 090.167 | 67 348 515 256.318 | 70 591 601 638.435 | 73 736 009 751.164 | 76 333 493 237.260 | 73 096 279 310.049 | 79 111 005 403.110 | 81 057 756 649.611 | 82 154 003 524.896 | 83 633 140 745.768 | 85 857 604 288.353 |
Gross domestic product, volume in USD, constant exchange rates | US Dollar, 2015 |  | 41 462 970 432.927 | 41 036 198 693.556 | 42 172 145 556.468 | 43 104 184 434.552 | 44 480 006 915.017 | 46 621 887 907.546 | 48 698 597 305.898 | 50 414 092 933.136 | 48 276 090 375.549 | 52 248 487 646.566 | 53 534 210 257.920 | 54 258 221 298.218 | 55 235 110 448.072 | 56 704 246 825.909 |
Gross domestic product, volume, market prices | Euro, 2010 |  | 35 709 052 198.000 | 35 341 504 621.000 | 36 319 813 348.000 | 37 122 510 902.000 | 38 307 407 118.000 | 40 152 054 025.000 | 41 940 573 360.000 | 43 418 005 446.000 | 41 576 698 754.000 | 44 997 836 700.000 | 46 105 136 427.000 | 46 728 674 677.154 | 47 569 998 520.563 | 48 835 259 235.229 |
Gross fixed capital formation, total, volume | Euro, 2010 |  | 6 664 311 422.000 | 6 892 879 185.000 | 6 888 544 256.000 | 6 804 987 098.000 | 6 560 666 264.000 | 7 228 619 902.000 | 7 962 498 436.000 | 8 363 472 018.000 | 7 764 086 260.000 | 8 744 394 191.000 | 9 050 904 987.000 | 9 828 809 155.994 | 10 192 309 324.667 | 10 581 923 313.598 |
Imports of goods and services, volume (national accounts basis) | Euro, 2010 |  | 23 353 718 926.000 | 23 846 825 452.000 | 24 838 140 298.000 | 25 910 780 719.000 | 27 540 292 824.000 | 30 479 314 446.000 | 32 639 305 934.000 | 34 163 217 267.000 | 31 048 270 337.000 | 36 570 818 359.000 | 39 859 357 046.000 | 37 237 208 182.115 | 37 635 751 031.450 | 38 910 131 834.232 |
Net exports, contributions to changes in real GDP | Percentage, 2010 |  | 0.028 | 0.008 | 0.016 | 0.006 | 0.004 | 0.012 | -0.001 | 0.002 | -0.003 | -0.010 | -0.010 | 0.037 | 0.005 | 0.002 |
Private final consumption expenditure, volume | Euro, 2010 |  | 20 133 395 005.000 | 19 340 860 809.000 | 19 654 917 231.000 | 20 053 615 690.000 | 20 945 653 424.000 | 21 344 289 034.000 | 22 095 991 094.000 | 23 302 773 254.000 | 21 791 561 736.000 | 24 029 174 032.000 | 24 896 698 561.000 | 24 974 839 950.061 | 25 306 767 837.834 | 25 959 734 932.918 |
Selected variables: ready-made growth rates | Exports of goods and services, volume, growth (national accounts basis) | Percentage, 2010 |  | 0.496 | 3.062 | 6.011 | 4.741 | 6.163 | 11.071 | 6.155 | 4.482 | -8.529 | 14.474 | 7.163 | -2.529 | 1.572 | 3.336 |
Government final consumption expenditure, volume, growth | Percentage, 2010 |  | -2.351 | -1.957 | -0.246 | 2.346 | 2.422 | 0.412 | 2.854 | 1.825 | 4.166 | 6.099 | -0.545 | 1.947 | 2.068 | 1.408 |
Gross domestic product, market prices, deflator, growth | Percentage, 2010 |  | 0.479 | 1.600 | 0.456 | 1.005 | 0.874 | 1.464 | 2.113 | 2.295 | 1.124 | 2.676 | 6.483 | 9.057 | 4.908 | 3.414 |
Gross domestic product, nominal value, growth | Percentage |  | -2.173 | 0.555 | 3.237 | 3.237 | 4.094 | 6.350 | 6.661 | 5.898 | -3.164 | 11.125 | 9.103 | 10.532 | 6.796 | 6.165 |
Gross domestic product, volume, growth | Percentage, 2010 |  | -2.639 | -1.029 | 2.768 | 2.210 | 3.192 | 4.815 | 4.454 | 3.523 | -4.241 | 8.228 | 2.461 | 1.352 | 1.800 | 2.660 |
Gross fixed capital formation, total, volume, growth | Percentage, 2010 |  | -8.550 | 3.430 | -0.063 | -1.213 | -3.590 | 10.181 | 10.152 | 5.036 | -7.167 | 12.626 | 3.505 | 8.595 | 3.698 | 3.823 |
Harmonised core inflation | Percentage, 2010 |  | 0.725 | 0.862 | 0.621 | 0.266 | 0.688 | 0.732 | 1.025 | 1.893 | 0.785 | 0.879 | 5.855 | 7.032 | 5.279 | 3.276 |
Harmonised headline inflation | Percentage, 2010 |  | 2.809 | 1.930 | 0.366 | -0.763 | -0.153 | 1.557 | 1.934 | 1.692 | -0.275 | 2.047 | 9.321 | 7.454 | 4.825 | 3.237 |
Imports of goods and services, volume, growth (national accounts basis) | Percentage, 2010 |  | -3.535 | 2.111 | 4.157 | 4.319 | 6.289 | 10.672 | 7.087 | 4.669 | -9.118 | 17.787 | 8.992 | -6.579 | 1.070 | 3.386 |
Private final consumption expenditure, volume, growth | Percentage, 2010 |  | -2.190 | -3.936 | 1.624 | 2.028 | 4.448 | 1.903 | 3.522 | 5.462 | -6.485 | 10.268 | 3.610 | 0.314 | 1.329 | 2.580 |
Household sector accounts | Net disposable income of households and non-profit institutions serving households | Euro |  | 21 115 900 000.000 | 21 100 000 000.000 | 21 314 000 000.000 | 21 675 100 000.000 | 22 655 000 000.000 | 23 769 000 000.000 | 25 321 800 000.000 | 26 732 900 000.000 | 27 821 100 000.000 | 29 910 100 000.000 | 32 747 400 000.000 | 36 044 123 508.873 | 38 613 685 050.440 | 40 446 138 877.415 |
Prices and deflators | Consumer price index, harmonised | Index, 2010 |  | 1.049 | 1.070 | 1.074 | 1.065 | 1.064 | 1.080 | 1.101 | 1.120 | 1.117 | 1.140 | 1.246 | 1.339 | 1.403 | 1.449 |
Core inflation index, harmonised | Index, 2010 |  | 1.003 | 1.012 | 1.018 | 1.021 | 1.028 | 1.036 | 1.046 | 1.066 | 1.074 | 1.084 | 1.147 | 1.228 | 1.293 | 1.335 |
Exports of goods and services, deflator (national accounts basis) | Index, 2010 |  | 1.053 | 1.046 | 1.045 | 1.043 | 1.029 | 1.056 | 1.082 | 1.081 | 1.065 | 1.110 | 1.274 | 1.289 | 1.295 | 1.341 |
Gross domestic product, market prices, deflator | Index, 2010 |  | 1.015 | 1.031 | 1.036 | 1.047 | 1.056 | 1.071 | 1.094 | 1.119 | 1.132 | 1.162 | 1.237 | 1.349 | 1.415 | 1.464 |
Imports of goods and services, deflator (national accounts basis) | Index, 2010 |  | 1.079 | 1.063 | 1.052 | 1.037 | 1.014 | 1.046 | 1.073 | 1.067 | 1.043 | 1.111 | 1.315 | 1.308 | 1.335 | 1.373 |
Purchasing power parity, national currency per USD | Euro |  | 0.607 | 0.590 | 0.591 | 0.595 | 0.577 | 0.570 | 0.568 | 0.552 | 0.547 | 0.563 | 0.559 | 0.587 | 0.606 | 0.615 |
Labour markets | Labour force | Persons |  | 1 013 500.000 | 1 008 000.000 | 1 015 500.000 | 1 008 250.000 | 994 750.000 | 1 026 750.000 | 1 033 500.000 | 1 028 500.000 | 1 029 750.000 | 1 020 000.000 | 1 027 250.000 | 1 028 271.976 | 1 031 849.717 | 1 032 468.827 |
Total employment (labour force survey basis) | Persons |  | 923 500.000 | 906 000.000 | 916 750.000 | 917 500.000 | 915 000.000 | 959 000.000 | 980 500.000 | 982 750.000 | 978 250.000 | 971 500.000 | 986 000.000 | 990 697.542 | 994 535.443 | 995 741.570 |
Unemployment rate | Percentage |  | 8.880 | 10.119 | 9.724 | 9.001 | 8.017 | 6.598 | 5.128 | 4.448 | 5.001 | 4.755 | 4.016 | 3.654 | 3.616 | 3.557 |
Monetary data | Long-term interest rate on government bonds | Percentage |  | 5.808 | 5.812 | 3.270 | 1.705 | 1.149 | 0.960 | 0.931 | 0.275 | 0.079 | 0.071 | 1.892 | 3.445 | 4.326 | 4.406 |
Short-term interest rate | Percentage |  | 0.573 | 0.221 | 0.210 | -0.019 | -0.264 | -0.329 | -0.322 | -0.356 | -0.425 | -0.549 | 0.342 | 3.386 | 3.777 | 3.527 |