Business enterprise R-D expenditure by industry and by source of funds

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Business enterprise R-D expenditure by industry and by source of funds

Country

Source of Funds

Measure

Unit

Australian Dollar, Millions

Year

1987

1988

1989

1990

1991

1992

1993

1994

1995

1996

1997

1998

1999

2000

2001

2002

2003

2004

2005

2006

2007

2008

2009

2010

2011

2012

2013

2014

2015

Industry

TOTAL BERD

1 455.7

1 798.3

1 989.7

2 099.8

2 364.6

2 861.9

3 119.2

3 508.337

4 356.6

4 234.722

4 218.192

4 094.7

4 136.7

4 982.6

^(a)

6 191.9

6 940.3

7 770

8 676.5

10 434.2

12 639.3

^(a)

15 047.4

17 291.2

16 759.6

18 006.9

18 321.3

..

18 849.4

..

AGRICULTURE, HUNTING, FORESTRY AND FISHING

..

95.579

124.1

^(a)

118.8

146.3

183.8

185.4

189.7

..

245.6

..

MINING AND QUARRYING

⁽ⁿ⁾

..

96.1

⁽ⁿ⁾

..

103.2

157.472

176.3

330.9

302.775

521.103

562.054

536.646

484.7

291.3

462.4

566.1

892.7

1 026.333

1 266.152

1 801

2 684.8

^(a)

3 088

4 211

3 545.1

3 617.5

3 779.5

..

2 510.2

..

MANUFACTURING

802

959.4

1 052

1 148.1

1 345.691

1 693.8

1 718.8

1 932.092

2 392.213

2 267.989

2 206.464

2 028.4

2 020.1

2 255.5

2 536.9

2 867.9

3 375.34

3 423.9

3 843.7

3 913.3

^(a)

4 527.4

4 531.3

4 338.4

4 885.5

4 547.8

..

4 936.5

..

Food, beverages and tobacco

⁽ⁿ⁾

..

87.4

⁽ⁿ⁾

..

87.3

110.973

136.1

140.2

140.131

290.723

230.958

181.051

209.2

183.8

201.7

230.9

273.3

305.07

342.5

331.2

377

^(a)

416.8

447.4

490.4

603

548.3

..

689

..

Food products and beverages

..

85.6

..

109.103

132.9

..

135.471

..

^(x)

..

303.397

^(x)

..

^(x)

..

^(x)

..

^(x)

..

^(x)

..

^(x)

..

^(x)

..

548.3

..

Tobacco products

..

1.8

..

1.87

3.3

..

4.66

..

^(x)

..

1.673

^(x)

..

^(x)

..

^(x)

..

^(x)

..

^(x)

..

^(x)

..

^(x)

..

Textiles, fur and leather

⁽ⁿ⁾

..

20

⁽ⁿ⁾

..

15.8

18.049

16.3

18

28.425

25.694

21.35

21.29

21.4

18.2

26.7

22.4

27.8

40.88

35.121

38.537

31.3

^(a)

33

35

29

46.1

52.8

..

46

..

Textiles

..

17.6

..

12

14.696

9.4

9.7

15.864

11.735

10.745

12.199

11.8

10.1

15.3

15.9

18.2

28.195

23.562

28.208

21.8

^(a)

20

21.4

16.7

21.9

25.4

..

Wearing apparel and fur

..

0.7

..

2.8

2.437

3.1

3.7

4.517

4.192

3.915

4.859

4.9

6.3

1.8

^(x)

..

3.641

4.292

4.691

4.6

^(a)

6.5

7.4

6.5

^(x)

..

6.9

..

Leather products and footwear

..

1.7

..

1

0.916

3.8

4.7

8.044

9.767

6.69

4.232

4.8

3.2

5.2

4.7

^(x)

..

9.044

7.267

5.638

4.9

^(a)

6.5

6.2

5.8

^(x)

..

20.5

..

Wood, paper, printing, publishing

⁽ⁿ⁾

..

31.6

⁽ⁿ⁾

..

41.3

70.709

58.7

117

94.314

206.124

206.842

134.277

104.4

117.8

117.7

102.4

122.7

163.694

185.7

243.1

212.1

^(a)

287.2

264.8

322.1

283.2

166.2

..

179.1

..

Wood and cork (not furniture)

..

7.4

..

14.836

8.3

11.4

22.067

23.267

22.932

23.902

..

12.6

6.3

7.5

9.2

9.643

33.4

77.6

55.2

^(a)

51.3

57.1

^(x)

..

^(x)

..

38.2

..

Pulp, paper and paper products

..

22.7

..

35.2

54.45

36.1

..

57.185

161.877

..

89.9

94

76.7

88.5

108.667

81.18

72.599

70.7

^(a)

71.1

53.8

^(x)

..

^(x)

..

48.3

..

Publishing, printing and reproduction of recorded media

..

1.5

..

1.423

14.3

..

15.062

20.98

..

20.1

15.3

17.4

18.1

25

45.384

71.17

92.919

86.3

^(a)

164.8

153.9

92.2

92.8

79.7

..

Coke, petroleum, nuclear fuel, chemicals and products, rubber and plastics

^(m)

136

174.2

^(m)

163

^(a)

225.4

244.48

290.8

272.9

317.524

326.839

288.732

304.365

323.8

369.7

394.8

429.9

476.2

550.058

597.6

707.197

682

^(a)

833.3

915.3

806.9

924.9

975.1

..

1 101.1

..

Coke, refined petroleum products and nuclear fuel

..

0.8

..

1.8

7.871

6.6

4.4

5.508

8.277

5.321

..

16.5

17.8

20.1

25.6

^(x)

..

53.562

81.876

143.483

101.5

^(a)

106.7

100.7

77.5

91.4

90.5

..

Coke and nuclear fuel

..

^(x)

..

0.323

2.328

3.658

5.2

^(a)

7.7

11.6

5.9

6.6

3.8

..

Refined petroleum products

..

47

53.239

79.548

139.825

96.3

^(a)

99

89.1

71.6

84.8

86.7

..

Chemicals and chemical products

..

158.5

..

199

199.673

238.4

234.6

278.764

282.497

253.555

258.892

276.2

316.5

333.2

347.6

372.5

426.731

447

490.779

509.1

^(a)

647.8

737.3

656.6

734.8

782.4

..

Chemicals and chemical products (less pharmaceuticals)

..

92.3

..

113.2

107.253

141.1

122.8

143.987

159.737

131.808

128.729

121

145.7

143.8

149.9

171.3

196.451

204.4

233.644

221.3

^(a)

328.6

327.3

272.7

356.1

378.7

..

Pharmaceuticals

..

66.2

..

85.7

92.421

97.3

111.8

134.777

122.76

121.747

130.163

155.2

170.8

189.4

197.7

201.2

230.28

242.59

257.135

287.8

^(a)

319.2

410.1

383.8

378.7

403.8

..

Rubber and plastic products

⁽ⁿ⁾

..

14.9

⁽ⁿ⁾

..

24.6

36.936

45.9

33.9

33.252

36.065

29.856

..

31

35.4

41.5

56.7

^(x)

..

69.765

68.7

72.935

71.4

^(a)

78.8

77.3

72.8

98.8

102.2

..

Non-metallic mineral products

⁽ⁿ⁾

..

22.2

⁽ⁿ⁾

..

17.9

24.768

31.3

45.26

80.352

62.688

69.804

52.9

46.8

40.9

74.5

86.8

96.767

69.89

93.2

108.5

^(a)

116.3

112.5

145.3

110

102.1

..

139

..

Basic metals

81

91.2

133

175.6

180.264

291.4

256.9

274.071

331.709

359.544

328.165

256.9

203.4

180.7

212.4

258.2

277.588

301.918

523.8

526

^(a)

617.3

649.9

438.2

520.8

505.4

..

331.4

..

Basic metals, iron and steel

..

70

..

116.1

128.373

216.5

157.7

157.025

223.388

210.435

194.075

159

128.7

113.3

147.4

161.4

177.895

186.103

308.9

314.7

^(a)

382.4

390

233.8

217.5

228.1

..

Basic metals, non-ferrous

..

21.2

..

59.6

51.89

74.9

99.2

117.047

108.321

149.109

134.09

97.9

74.7

67.4

65

96.8

99.693

115.815

214.864

211.3

^(a)

234.9

259.9

204.4

303.3

277.3

..

Fabricated metal products, machinery and equipment, instruments and transport

^(m)

415

518.2

^(m)

548

570.3

678.416

858.3

867.8

1 013.18

1 114.355

1 052.085

1 131.411

1 041.8

1 061.2

1 272.3

1 440.9

1 602

1 901.363

1 830.7

1 851.1

1 955.9

^(a)

2 200.2

2 077.9

2 075.9

2 358.9

2 151.5

..

2 407.1

..

Fabricated metal products, except machinery and equipment

⁽ⁿ⁾

..

25.3

⁽ⁿ⁾

..

26.7

27.925

46.1

44.9

50.057

50.44

43.91

40.316

38.6

47.6

40.7

44

62.3

89.314

110.2

111.5

126.8

^(a)

176.7

168.5

188.4

280.2

223.8

..

Machinery and equipment, n.e.c.

73

56.1

96

62.1

69.147

72.8

84.6

93.254

128.363

142.714

126.443

86.7

100.9

108.2

134.1

165

196.669

174.4

170.6

194.6

^(a)

254.8

289.4

266.4

306

266.6

..

Engines and turbines, except aircraft, vehicle and cycle

..

Special purpose machinery

..

55.1

^(a)

70.7

85.4

83.4

102.1

87.5

..

Machine tools

..

Weapons and ammunition

..

Office, accounting and computing machinery

⁽ⁿ⁾

..

⁽ⁿ⁾

..

⁽ⁿ⁾

..

⁽ⁿ⁾

..

⁽ⁿ⁾

..

27.4

32.2

43.325

27.847

25.512

48.811

32.6

37.2

76.8

55.8

36.6

107.724

113.846

78.881

50.9

^(a)

60.8

64.3

38.1

40.8

52.4

..

Electrical machinery and apparatus n.e.c.

^(o)

199

60.9

^(o)

279

^(a)

62

71.079

72.1

75.3

78.613

78.398

69.91

80.231

70.6

76.1

69.6

77.6

88.9

119.211

98.5

75.7

77.8

^(a)

91.6

77.8

93.1

94.1

131.1

..

Electrical motors, generators and transformers

..

Electricity distribution and control apparatus (includes semiconductors)

..

Insulated wire and cable (includes optic fibre cables)

..

2.9

3.256

2.2

2.178

7.7

^(a)

11.8

15.5

14.9

10.4

12.1

..

Accumulators, primary cells and primary batteries

..

0.7

1.941

0.722

^(x)

..

1.2

..

Electric lamps and lighting equipment

..

5.5

4

4.589

3.137

7

^(a)

6.1

5

7.7

8.1

19.2

..

Other electrical equipment n.e.c.

..

41

^(a)

42.7

26.4

28.4

33.6

26.9

..

Radio, TV and communications equipment and apparatus

⁽ⁿ⁾

..

^(o)

176.1

⁽ⁿ⁾

..

^(o)

205.7

^(o)

236.449

244

262.4

301.963

282.608

277.883

298.108

327.4

262

284.1

295.4

212.5

269.525

257.254

331.4

229.7

^(a)

255.7

332

323.3

322.8

296.7

..

Electronic valves, tubes and components

..

168.8

..

201.3

228.968

102.7

107.9

114.982

124.031

125.127

112.342

150.6

126.4

116.9

122.9

121.5

114.2

..

TV, radio transmitters and line apparatus

..

7.2

..

4.3

7.481

141.2

154.5

186.981

158.577

152.756

185.766

176.8

135.6

167.1

172.5

91

96.462

84.276

167.659

59.4

^(a)

92.3

108.6

122.6

125.2

106.4

..

TV and radio receivers, sound and video goods

..

Medical, precision and optical instruments, watches and clocks (instruments)

⁽ⁿ⁾

..

37.5

⁽ⁿ⁾

..

41.9

50.985

88.9

98.7

114.444

131.352

91.047

96.182

106.9

127.4

219.8

278.7

292.8

302.588

319.791

223.2

420.6

^(a)

381.4

296.3

315.8

368.7

354.4

..

Medical appliances, instruments and control equipment

..

153.7

^(a)

185

187.7

179.1

216.8

237.7

..

Instruments and appliances for measuring, checking, testing, navigating and other purposes, except industrial process control equipment

..

Industrial process control equipment

..

Optical instruments and photographic equipment

..

11.7

12.96

5.763

4.825

7.2

^(a)

5

6.4

6

10.4

..

Watches and clocks

..

Motor Vehicles, trailers and semi-trailers

^(o)

143

146.8

^(o)

173

^(a)

135.3

135.635

128.7

173.8

238.461

317.911

313.051

359.456

316.6

347.9

381.3

490.2

618.7

638.57

607.903

648.5

628.6

^(a)

755.2

629.1

651.9

706

665.9

..

Other Transport Equipment

⁽ⁿ⁾

..

15.5

⁽ⁿ⁾

..

36.7

87.196

178.3

95.9

93.063

97.436

88.058

81.864

62.3

62

91.9

65.2

125.2

177.762

148.9

205.3

227

^(a)

224

220.7

198.9

240.4

160.5

..

Ships and boats

..

1.8

..

58.075

42.736

61.85

39.9

37.9

26.1

18.8

59.1

87.876

67.2

110.919

76.3

^(a)

69.8

79.2

77.1

103.1

66.6

..

Railway and tramway locomotives and rolling stock

..

^(x)

..

50.969

^(x)

..

37.4

34.3

^(a)

67.3

^(x)

..

^(x)

..

^(x)

..

54

..

Aircraft and spacecraft

..

7.3

..

13.1

19.011

50.6

25.8

10.2

13.932

9.39

..

3.9

^(x)

..

37.038

^(x)

..

54.4

114.9

^(x)

..

75

65.6

55.3

35.6

..

Transport equipment, nec

..

6.4

..

11.253

25.429

35.932

..

42.5

0.3

1.879

4.712

2.5

1.5

^(x)

..

^(x)

..

^(x)

..

^(x)

..

4.3

..

Furniture, other manufacturing nec

^(o)

171

14.6

^(o)

208

^(a)

14.5

18.033

10.9

14.6

19.188

16.417

45.79

36.101

17.9

19.1

20.7

23.6

20.9

39.92

60.43

61.639

20.4

^(a)

23.3

28.5

30.6

38.6

46.4

..

43.7

..

Furniture

..

3.7

..

3.9

3.57

5.4

7.1

6.766

5.871

4.697

5.623

6.5

7.6

7.1

7.2

3.9

6.753

4.994

6.76

8.8

^(a)

6.7

8.5

9.7

11.9

18.4

..

Other manufacturing nec

..

10.9

..

10.5

14.463

5.5

7.5

12.422

10.546

41.093

30.478

11.4

11.5

13.6

15

17

33.167

55.436

54.879

11.6

^(a)

16.6

20

20.9

26.7

28

..

Recycling

..

0

..

ELECTRICITY, GAS and WATER SUPPLY

⁽ⁿ⁾

..

22.6

⁽ⁿ⁾

..

57.1

52.265

65.9

57.3

128.962

38.03

26.156

24.796

37.5

45.5

52

67

71.8

67.87

69.215

81

113.4

^(a)

194.4

296.3

328.2

330.9

307.4

..

234.5

..

CONSTRUCTION

⁽ⁿ⁾

..

8.5

⁽ⁿ⁾

..

5.5

6.239

15.2

14

12.661

44.546

56.302

43.482

36.4

46.8

47.9

94.6

196.8

219.971

316.7

403.3

473.6

^(a)

752

928.6

865.5

1 005.7

819.5

..

864.1

..

SERVICES SECTOR

^(o)

654

711.2

^(o)

938

^(a)

785.9

802.972

910.8

998.1

1 131.848

1 360.661

1 322.222

1 406.804

1 507.6

1 733.1

2 164.8

2 927.3

2 911.1

3 080.44

3 600.5

4 209.6

5 330

^(a)

6 366.7

7 177.7

7 498.7

7 981.8

8 677.2

..

10 058.5

..

Wholesale, retail trade and motor vehicle repair

..

161.6

..

186.4

206.531

224.6

229.2

192.909

329.18

356.825

338.695

364.2

383.5

370.3

414.5

419.4

537.033

642.5

786.4

953.6

^(a)

970.5

1 001.9

906.2

846.9

893

..

1 263.5

..

Hotels and restaurants

..

0

..

0

..

^(x)

..

0

3.101

12.389

^(x)

..

^(a)

17.1

26.8

22.2

15.6

21.5

..

24.3

..

Transport, storage and communications

..

100.7

..

129.1

113.875

..

122.319

107.86

201.161

246.1

174.4

338.4

409.5

429.9

259.492

328.955

482

809.5

^(a)

790.7

829.9

558.8

656.8

796.2

..

629.5

..

Telecommunications

..

84.478

..

125.185

..

118.2

266.3

359.9

^(x)

..

211.174

247.657

351.951

628.1

^(x)

..

^(x)

..

292.5

351.7

482

..

Other

..

^(x)

..

48.318

81.298

130.1

181.4

^(x)

..

^(x)

..

266.4

305.1

314.1

..

Financial intermediation (includes insurance)

..

116.4

..

136.5

97.592

122.7

119.1

100.88

123.913

96.117

84.936

83.4

138.2

278.4

579.1

672.9

716.808

897.2

946.9

1 119.5

^(a)

1 473.8

2 133.6

2 646.3

2 801.4

3 026

..

3 145.8

..

Real estate, renting and business activities

..

321.1

..

321.4

371.966

448.3

540.9

718.562

766.375

742.279

755.754

782.7

978.2

1 110.4

1 435.9

1 328

1 507.713

1 646

1 861

2 301.3

^(a)

2 937

2 937.8

3 085.2

3 348.1

3 604.4

..

4 540.3

..

Computer and related activities

..

103.3

..

123.9

179.418

221.7

235.9

318.335

363.556

392.637

368.546

436.7

549.6

628.7

696.1

612.8

678.256

665.6

736.2

952

^(a)

1 056.8

1 084.9

1 118.3

1 184.4

1 225.2

..

Software consultancy and supply

..

103.3

..

204

218.2

300.217

343.779

362.68

334.045

412

527.9

616.1

687.5

585.4

679.2

..

55.3

^(a)

49.1

36.8

47

50.9

49.2

..

Research and development

..

78.2

..

64.8

66.582

84

90.5

118.384

139.294

137.365

153.974

167.4

225.4

243.4

328.7

369

444.03

463.2

528.1

589.3

^(a)

703.4

724.1

669

642

687.4

..

Other business activities

..

139.6

..

132.7

125.966

142.6

214.5

281.844

263.525

212.277

233.234

178.6

203.2

238.3

411.1

346.2

404.5

..

716.6

^(a)

1 117.3

1 031.9

1 168.2

1 429.8

1 636.3

..

Architectural, engineering and other technical activities

..

203.5

225.405

283.3

348.6

478

^(a)

786.2

636.7

675.9

810.5

980.8

..

Community, social and personal service activities, etc.

..

11.4

..

12.8

13.008

12.5

11.2

18.11

18.874

19.141

26.258

31.3

58.8

67.3

87.8

^(x)

..

59.394

82.7

120.9

^(x)

..

^(a)

177.6

247.7

280

313

336.2

..

455.1

..

Legend:

a	Break in series with previous year for which data is available
m	Underestimated or based on underestimated data
n	Included elsewhere
o	Includes other classes
x	Confidential

Data extracted on 19 Apr 2024 17:31 UTC (GMT) from OECD.Stat

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Business enterprise R-D expenditure by industry and by source of funds

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