External sectors, trade and payments | Current account balance as a percentage of GDP | Percentage |  | -4.354 | -3.368 | -3.073 | -4.667 | -3.269 | -2.577 | -2.227 | 0.362 | 2.293 | 3.036 | 1.148 | 1.969 | 1.856 |
Exchange rate, national currency per USD | Australian Dollar |  | 0.966 | 1.036 | 1.109 | 1.331 | 1.345 | 1.305 | 1.339 | 1.439 | 1.454 | 1.331 | 1.442 | 1.487 | 1.495 |
Exchange rate, USD per national currency | US Dollar |  | 1.035 | 0.967 | 0.902 | 0.753 | 0.744 | 0.767 | 0.748 | 0.695 | 0.690 | 0.752 | 0.695 | 0.673 | 0.669 |
Exports of goods and services, volume in USD (national accounts basis) | US Dollar, 2015 |  | 202 851 429 306.207 | 214 669 271 041.009 | 229 685 299 632.044 | 243 632 822 565.011 | 259 884 257 961.760 | 269 495 170 332.087 | 283 192 905 398.815 | 291 529 504 952.660 | 264 103 586 636.864 | 258 510 142 769.827 | 266 885 648 334.441 | 281 860 075 974.635 | 292 872 660 801.990 |
Goods and services trade, volume in USD | US Dollar, 2015 |  | 239 597 801 999.708 | 242 331 795 805.948 | 247 971 033 266.163 | 257 623 547 146.110 | 266 270 543 566.620 | 281 656 997 949.451 | 295 149 954 124.642 | 297 116 109 724.841 | 264 119 898 801.172 | 268 702 298 041.896 | 290 667 058 123.749 | 300 187 792 212.903 | 311 875 979 311.718 |
Imports of goods and services, volume in USD (national accounts basis) | US Dollar, 2015 |  | 276 344 174 693.209 | 269 994 320 570.887 | 266 256 766 900.283 | 271 614 271 727.209 | 272 656 829 171.479 | 293 818 825 566.814 | 307 107 002 850.470 | 302 702 714 497.022 | 264 136 210 965.479 | 278 894 453 313.965 | 314 448 467 913.057 | 318 515 508 451.172 | 330 879 297 821.446 |
Government accounts | General government gross financial assets as a percentage of GDP | Percentage |  | 42.592 | 45.530 | 47.472 | 50.743 | 54.451 | 55.632 | 55.465 | 55.144 | 60.845 | 57.704 | 57.704 | 57.704 | 57.704 |
General government gross financial liabilities as a percentage of GDP | Ratio |  | 33.517 | 34.984 | 39.200 | 40.869 | 43.269 | 44.227 | 44.467 | 46.977 | 66.323 | 63.280 | 64.519 | 64.922 | 66.178 |
General government net lending as a percentage of GDP | Percentage |  | -3.052 | -1.865 | -1.778 | -1.038 | -1.561 | -0.633 | -0.568 | -1.223 | -12.244 | -4.793 | -1.830 | -0.820 | -1.548 |
General government primary balance as a percentage of GDP | Percentage |  | -2.838 | -1.497 | -1.303 | -0.662 | -1.181 | -0.169 | -0.037 | -0.999 | -12.130 | -4.543 | -1.089 | 0.018 | -0.636 |
Expenditure and GDP | Change in inventories, contributions to changes in real GDP | Percentage, 2020-21 |  | -0.001 | -0.005 | 0.001 | 0.001 | 0.001 | -0.001 | 0.001 | -0.003 | -0.002 | 0.007 | 0.003 | -0.006 | 0.000 |
Exports of goods and services, volume (national accounts basis) | Australian Dollar, 2020-21 |  | 359 758 000 000.000 | 380 717 000 000.000 | 407 348 000 000.000 | 432 084 000 000.000 | 460 906 000 000.000 | 477 951 000 000.000 | 502 244 000 000.000 | 517 029 000 000.000 | 468 389 000 000.000 | 458 469 000 000.000 | 473 323 000 000.000 | 499 880 220 510.626 | 519 411 093 454.781 |
Government final consumption expenditure, volume | Australian Dollar, 2020-21 |  | 326 984 000 000.000 | 332 227 000 000.000 | 334 429 000 000.000 | 347 802 000 000.000 | 366 165 000 000.000 | 380 364 000 000.000 | 395 848 000 000.000 | 420 133 000 000.000 | 452 775 000 000.000 | 477 280 000 000.000 | 502 318 000 000.000 | 507 251 209 333.219 | 513 946 376 425.914 |
Gross capital formation, total, volume | Australian Dollar, 2020-21 |  | 501 309 000 000.000 | 482 384 000 000.000 | 472 687 000 000.000 | 455 062 000 000.001 | 445 650 000 000.000 | 459 757 000 000.000 | 472 379 000 000.000 | 454 587 000 000.000 | 437 980 000 000.000 | 497 774 000 000.000 | 508 431 000 000.000 | 497 797 705 503.185 | 502 672 523 519.432 |
Gross domestic product, nominal value, market prices | Australian Dollar |  | 1 515 293 000 000.000 | 1 568 772 000 000.000 | 1 613 229 000 000.000 | 1 638 255 000 000.000 | 1 699 519 000 000.000 | 1 802 279 000 000.000 | 1 895 554 000 000.000 | 1 993 686 000 000.000 | 1 972 908 000 000.000 | 2 191 001 000 000.000 | 2 451 025 000 000.000 | 2 610 798 863 590.300 | 2 721 168 903 151.420 |
Gross domestic product, volume in USD, at constant purchasing power parities | US Dollar, 2015 |  | 1 037 720 258 172.800 | 1 060 218 868 552.720 | 1 087 019 437 210.720 | 1 111 683 322 907.850 | 1 141 524 212 121.310 | 1 169 208 761 128.900 | 1 202 467 032 596.780 | 1 225 575 017 570.780 | 1 202 819 671 658.070 | 1 265 846 160 100.420 | 1 311 783 354 574.290 | 1 335 719 492 588.010 | 1 354 495 026 939.040 |
Gross domestic product, volume in USD, constant exchange rates | US Dollar, 2015 |  | 1 150 913 998 805.670 | 1 175 866 740 583.610 | 1 205 590 694 993.800 | 1 232 944 898 682.320 | 1 266 040 809 513.860 | 1 296 745 168 181.360 | 1 333 631 226 738.090 | 1 359 259 813 229.790 | 1 334 022 331 401.380 | 1 403 923 701 517.820 | 1 454 871 690 409.290 | 1 481 418 764 247.700 | 1 502 242 319 680.370 |
Gross domestic product, volume, market prices | Australian Dollar, 2020-21 |  | 1 742 094 000 000.000 | 1 779 864 000 000.000 | 1 824 856 000 000.000 | 1 866 261 000 000.000 | 1 916 357 000 000.000 | 1 962 833 000 000.000 | 2 018 666 000 000.000 | 2 057 459 000 000.000 | 2 019 258 000 000.000 | 2 125 065 000 000.000 | 2 202 183 000 000.000 | 2 242 366 278 767.520 | 2 273 886 089 123.080 |
Gross fixed capital formation, total, volume | Australian Dollar, 2020-21 |  | 494 348 000 000.000 | 483 653 000 000.000 | 472 263 000 000.000 | 453 408 000 000.000 | 442 795 000 000.000 | 458 277 000 000.000 | 469 401 000 000.000 | 457 032 999 999.999 | 444 036 000 000.000 | 490 961 000 000.000 | 495 506 000 000.000 | 498 455 791 547.782 | 503 417 810 198.888 |
Imports of goods and services, volume (national accounts basis) | Australian Dollar, 2020-21 |  | 374 270 000 000.000 | 365 670 000 000.000 | 360 608 000 000.000 | 367 864 000 000.000 | 369 276 000 000.000 | 397 937 000 000.000 | 415 934 000 000.000 | 409 969 000 000.000 | 357 736 000 000.000 | 377 724 000 000.000 | 425 877 000 000.000 | 431 385 244 434.282 | 448 130 288 735.468 |
Net exports, contributions to changes in real GDP | Percentage, 2020-21 |  | 0.000 | 0.017 | 0.017 | 0.008 | 0.012 | -0.009 | 0.001 | 0.010 | 0.004 | -0.015 | -0.016 | 0.013 | 0.002 |
Private final consumption expenditure, volume | Australian Dollar, 2020-21 |  | 929 099 000 000.000 | 944 940 000 000.000 | 969 304 000 000.000 | 992 783 000 000.000 | 1 018 221 000 000.000 | 1 042 934 000 000.000 | 1 068 131 000 000.000 | 1 079 559 000 000.000 | 1 017 327 000 000.000 | 1 069 075 000 000.000 | 1 138 527 000 000.000 | 1 162 924 961 919.900 | 1 178 295 658 581.010 |
Selected variables: ready-made growth rates | Core inflation | Percentage, 2020-21 |  | 2.170 | 2.494 | 2.434 | 2.117 | 1.543 | 1.701 | 1.651 | 1.624 | 1.252 | 2.389 | 5.936 | 5.518 | 3.183 |
Exports of goods and services, volume, growth (national accounts basis) | Percentage, 2020-21 |  | 5.934 | 5.826 | 6.995 | 6.072 | 6.670 | 3.698 | 5.083 | 2.944 | -9.408 | -2.118 | 3.240 | 5.611 | 3.907 |
Government final consumption expenditure, volume, growth | Percentage, 2020-21 |  | 1.703 | 1.603 | 0.663 | 3.999 | 5.280 | 3.878 | 4.071 | 6.135 | 7.769 | 5.412 | 5.246 | 0.982 | 1.320 |
Gross domestic product, market prices, deflator, growth | Percentage, 2020-21 |  | -0.695 | 1.332 | 0.298 | -0.702 | 1.028 | 3.535 | 2.266 | 3.194 | 0.830 | 5.525 | 7.950 | 4.610 | 2.783 |
Gross domestic product, nominal value, growth | Percentage |  | 3.174 | 3.529 | 2.834 | 1.551 | 3.740 | 6.046 | 5.175 | 5.177 | -1.042 | 11.054 | 11.868 | 6.519 | 4.227 |
Gross domestic product, volume, growth | Percentage, 2020-21 |  | 3.895 | 2.168 | 2.528 | 2.269 | 2.684 | 2.425 | 2.845 | 1.922 | -1.857 | 5.240 | 3.629 | 1.825 | 1.406 |
Gross fixed capital formation, total, volume, growth | Percentage, 2020-21 |  | 10.032 | -2.163 | -2.355 | -3.992 | -2.341 | 3.496 | 2.427 | -2.635 | -2.844 | 10.568 | 0.926 | 0.595 | 0.995 |
Headline inflation | Percentage, 2020-21 |  | 1.686 | 2.450 | 2.513 | 1.485 | 1.277 | 1.995 | 1.933 | 1.588 | 0.868 | 2.820 | 6.615 | 5.367 | 3.171 |
Imports of goods and services, volume, growth (national accounts basis) | Percentage, 2020-21 |  | 6.291 | -2.298 | -1.384 | 2.012 | 0.384 | 7.761 | 4.523 | -1.434 | -12.741 | 5.587 | 12.748 | 1.293 | 3.882 |
Private final consumption expenditure, volume, growth | Percentage, 2020-21 |  | 2.671 | 1.705 | 2.578 | 2.422 | 2.562 | 2.427 | 2.416 | 1.070 | -5.765 | 5.087 | 6.496 | 2.143 | 1.322 |
Household sector accounts | Net disposable income of households and non-profit institutions serving households | Australian Dollar |  | 884 443 000 000.000 | 923 745 000 000.000 | 971 875 000 000.000 | 999 019 999 999.999 | 1 019 488 000 000.000 | 1 050 073 000 000.000 | 1 096 101 000 000.000 | 1 141 766 000 000.000 | 1 224 356 000 000.000 | 1 267 942 000 000.000 | 1 315 473 000 000.000 | 1 366 994 333 905.350 | 1 434 101 885 964.830 |
Prices and deflators | Consumer price index | Index, 2020-21 |  | 0.870 | 0.891 | 0.913 | 0.927 | 0.939 | 0.957 | 0.976 | 0.991 | 1.000 | 1.028 | 1.096 | 1.155 | 1.192 |
Core inflation index | Index, 2020-21 |  | 0.864 | 0.885 | 0.907 | 0.926 | 0.940 | 0.956 | 0.972 | 0.988 | 1.000 | 1.024 | 1.085 | 1.145 | 1.181 |
Exports of goods and services, deflator (national accounts basis) | Index, 2020-21 |  | 0.853 | 0.851 | 0.818 | 0.749 | 0.731 | 0.809 | 0.872 | 0.952 | 0.932 | 1.133 | 1.415 | 1.454 | 1.469 |
Gross domestic product, market prices, deflator | Index, 2020-21 |  | 0.870 | 0.881 | 0.884 | 0.878 | 0.887 | 0.918 | 0.939 | 0.969 | 0.977 | 1.031 | 1.113 | 1.164 | 1.197 |
Imports of goods and services, deflator (national accounts basis) | Index, 2020-21 |  | 0.881 | 0.913 | 0.950 | 0.982 | 0.952 | 0.949 | 1.003 | 1.038 | 1.019 | 1.057 | 1.245 | 1.308 | 1.338 |
Purchasing power parity, national currency per USD | Australian Dollar |  | 1.540 | 1.447 | 1.452 | 1.474 | 1.450 | 1.478 | 1.470 | 1.480 | 1.454 | 1.448 | 1.446 | 1.456 | 1.463 |
Labour markets | Labour force | Persons |  | 11 976 398.623 | 12 144 317.494 | 12 286 800.816 | 12 524 529.495 | 12 698 053.643 | 12 976 331.634 | 13 284 534.019 | 13 568 882.822 | 13 537 610.054 | 13 750 407.807 | 14 126 892.211 | 14 371 648.073 | 14 545 061.672 |
Total employment (labour force survey basis) | Persons |  | 11 350 802.388 | 11 456 709.184 | 11 540 161.675 | 11 766 268.115 | 11 972 942.491 | 12 250 530.591 | 12 579 637.123 | 12 867 958.137 | 12 663 481.054 | 13 047 256.712 | 13 603 905.629 | 13 822 797.161 | 13 908 188.165 |
Unemployment rate | Percentage |  | 5.224 | 5.662 | 6.077 | 6.054 | 5.710 | 5.593 | 5.306 | 5.166 | 6.457 | 5.114 | 3.702 | 3.819 | 4.379 |
Monetary data | Long-term interest rate on government bonds | Percentage |  | 3.379 | 3.697 | 3.657 | 2.711 | 2.337 | 2.639 | 2.684 | 1.493 | 0.921 | 1.480 | 3.208 | 3.973 | 3.972 |
Short-term interest rate | Percentage |  | 3.728 | 2.778 | 2.678 | 2.256 | 1.987 | 1.740 | 1.948 | 1.344 | 0.257 | 0.028 | 1.637 | 3.923 | 3.998 |