External sectors, trade and payments | Current account balance as a percentage of GDP | Percentage | | -0.965 | -0.509 | -0.955 | -0.368 | -0.487 | -0.766 | -0.831 | 0.512 | -1.619 | 0.360 | -2.042 | -0.745 | -0.941 | -0.991 |
Exchange rate, national currency per USD | Euro | | 0.778 | 0.753 | 0.754 | 0.901 | 0.904 | 0.887 | 0.847 | 0.893 | 0.878 | 0.846 | 0.951 | 0.928 | 0.937 | 0.937 |
Exchange rate, USD per national currency | US Dollar | | 1.286 | 1.328 | 1.329 | 1.109 | 1.106 | 1.129 | 1.181 | 1.119 | 1.141 | 1.183 | 1.054 | 1.078 | 1.067 | 1.067 |
Exports of goods and services, volume in USD (national accounts basis) | US Dollar, 2015 | | 676 772 624 275.828 | 691 924 341 133.031 | 715 042 819 914.016 | 747 107 080 183.285 | 759 057 111 270.446 | 794 164 191 625.031 | 830 020 769 200.174 | 843 673 379 817.748 | 699 551 347 380.608 | 774 245 498 039.395 | 831 284 539 573.265 | 840 795 860 930.773 | 848 716 293 991.851 | 864 486 123 850.044 |
Goods and services trade, volume in USD | US Dollar, 2015 | | 672 442 546 408.100 | 688 992 452 451.176 | 717 465 413 852.385 | 753 919 196 915.059 | 770 405 275 296.687 | 806 923 787 060.752 | 836 915 808 995.571 | 854 174 630 865.032 | 727 408 515 929.453 | 799 299 539 839.462 | 864 075 697 222.667 | 870 186 292 713.448 | 880 743 734 012.130 | 896 356 712 797.700 |
Imports of goods and services, volume in USD (national accounts basis) | US Dollar, 2015 | | 668 112 468 540.371 | 686 060 563 769.321 | 719 888 007 790.755 | 760 731 313 646.834 | 781 753 439 322.927 | 819 683 382 496.474 | 843 810 848 790.968 | 864 675 881 912.316 | 755 265 684 478.299 | 824 353 581 639.529 | 896 866 854 872.070 | 899 576 724 496.123 | 912 771 174 032.409 | 928 227 301 745.356 |
Government accounts | General government gross financial assets as a percentage of GDP | Percentage | | 43.401 | 44.781 | 44.796 | 43.595 | 44.897 | 45.763 | 43.109 | 44.907 | 52.749 | 52.005 | 47.548 | 47.148 | 47.148 | 47.148 |
General government gross financial liabilities as a percentage of GDP | Ratio | | 111.954 | 112.346 | 120.015 | 120.796 | 124.170 | 123.266 | 121.130 | 123.402 | 146.036 | 138.679 | 117.863 | 118.213 | 120.886 | 123.206 |
General government net lending as a percentage of GDP | Percentage | | -4.982 | -4.080 | -3.900 | -3.623 | -3.639 | -2.955 | -2.287 | -3.061 | -8.988 | -6.484 | -4.806 | -4.876 | -4.947 | -4.621 |
General government primary balance as a percentage of GDP | Percentage | | -2.549 | -1.912 | -1.848 | -1.749 | -1.893 | -1.323 | -0.680 | -1.705 | -7.814 | -5.195 | -2.981 | -2.644 | -2.508 | -2.005 |
Gross public debt, Maastricht criterion as a percentage of GDP | Percentage | | 90.615 | 93.310 | 94.778 | 95.528 | 98.008 | 98.029 | 97.718 | 97.325 | 114.695 | 112.969 | 111.789 | 112.140 | 114.812 | 117.132 |
Expenditure and GDP | Change in inventories, contributions to changes in real GDP | Percentage, 2014 | | -0.007 | 0.003 | 0.007 | 0.003 | -0.004 | 0.002 | -0.001 | 0.000 | -0.002 | -0.006 | 0.007 | -0.005 | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Exports of goods and services, volume (national accounts basis) | Euro, 2014 | | 605 350 300 000.000 | 618 903 000 000.000 | 639 581 700 000.000 | 668 262 100 000.000 | 678 951 000 000.000 | 710 353 100 000.000 | 742 425 600 000.000 | 754 637 400 000.000 | 625 725 100 000.000 | 692 536 500 000.000 | 743 556 000 000.000 | 752 063 556 350.000 | 759 148 116 743.950 | 773 253 697 988.197 |
Government final consumption expenditure, volume | Euro, 2014 | | 504 492 200 000.000 | 512 263 700 000.000 | 518 964 400 000.000 | 523 996 200 000.000 | 531 134 900 000.000 | 538 760 700 000.000 | 542 939 300 000.000 | 548 576 700 000.000 | 525 704 800 000.000 | 560 103 600 000.000 | 574 400 500 000.000 | 578 048 883 050.000 | 583 696 295 364.181 | 587 477 504 214.271 |
Gross capital formation, total, volume | Euro, 2014 | | 470 911 200 000.000 | 474 959 700 000.000 | 489 665 700 000.000 | 499 380 700 000.000 | 503 017 500 000.000 | 532 480 299 999.999 | 547 032 400 000.000 | 569 647 400 000.001 | 526 164 200 000.000 | 565 139 100 000.000 | 594 799 000 000.000 | 596 020 442 298.579 | 596 550 695 971.612 | 599 773 610 365.526 |
Gross domestic product, nominal value, market prices | Euro | | 2 088 548 700 000.000 | 2 119 520 700 000.000 | 2 152 274 200 000.000 | 2 199 612 800 000.000 | 2 232 960 900 000.000 | 2 299 665 100 000.000 | 2 364 851 000 000.000 | 2 440 220 900 000.000 | 2 316 885 100 000.000 | 2 499 534 400 000.000 | 2 638 298 400 000.000 | 2 802 760 061 806.240 | 2 895 450 278 408.400 | 2 988 694 190 829.710 |
Gross domestic product, volume in USD, at constant purchasing power parities | US Dollar, 2015 | | 2 647 573 580 121.690 | 2 666 047 325 374.920 | 2 691 726 606 643.950 | 2 719 938 962 040.410 | 2 746 684 247 943.470 | 2 814 259 612 324.350 | 2 865 424 333 100.000 | 2 919 517 190 020.790 | 2 695 319 682 563.730 | 2 866 851 383 648.910 | 2 939 307 058 311.140 | 2 966 069 777 685.010 | 2 988 350 123 017.560 | 3 022 766 105 189.310 |
Gross domestic product, volume in USD, constant exchange rates | US Dollar, 2015 | | 2 375 391 431 180.160 | 2 391 965 994 586.360 | 2 415 005 333 376.910 | 2 440 317 335 190.690 | 2 464 313 088 674.400 | 2 524 941 409 909.520 | 2 570 846 173 509.570 | 2 619 378 048 046.470 | 2 418 229 025 370.030 | 2 572 126 517 017.740 | 2 637 133 431 282.670 | 2 661 144 826 000.110 | 2 681 134 654 341.060 | 2 712 012 522 952.620 |
Gross domestic product, volume, market prices | Euro, 2014 | | 2 117 056 200 000.000 | 2 131 828 200 000.000 | 2 152 361 900 000.000 | 2 174 921 100 000.000 | 2 196 307 200 000.000 | 2 250 341 900 000.000 | 2 291 254 300 000.000 | 2 334 508 100 000.000 | 2 155 235 000 000.000 | 2 292 395 400 000.000 | 2 350 332 500 000.000 | 2 371 732 540 174.410 | 2 389 548 378 638.180 | 2 417 068 130 679.390 |
Gross fixed capital formation, total, volume | Euro, 2014 | | 472 496 200 000.000 | 469 924 700 000.000 | 470 288 500 000.000 | 474 286 900 000.000 | 486 100 300 000.000 | 510 601 399 999.999 | 527 088 500 000.000 | 548 803 600 000.001 | 510 148 800 000.000 | 562 200 600 000.000 | 575 103 600 000.000 | 586 695 734 806.605 | 588 320 277 214.830 | 591 547 938 672.506 |
Imports of goods and services, volume (national accounts basis) | Euro, 2014 | | 616 683 000 000.000 | 633 249 500 000.000 | 664 473 000 000.000 | 702 172 300 000.000 | 721 576 200 000.000 | 756 586 400 000.000 | 778 856 600 000.000 | 798 115 500 000.000 | 697 127 400 000.000 | 760 897 100 000.000 | 827 828 500 000.000 | 830 329 771 280.000 | 842 508 548 217.305 | 856 774 905 537.693 |
Net exports, contributions to changes in real GDP | Percentage, 2014 | | 0.008 | -0.002 | -0.005 | -0.004 | -0.004 | -0.001 | 0.005 | -0.003 | -0.013 | 0.002 | -0.006 | 0.003 | -0.002 | 0.000 |
Private final consumption expenditure, volume | Euro, 2014 | | 1 152 255 800 000.000 | 1 158 563 100 000.000 | 1 168 641 600 000.000 | 1 185 454 200 000.000 | 1 204 425 200 000.000 | 1 224 227 300 000.000 | 1 236 439 400 000.000 | 1 258 187 400 000.000 | 1 174 089 700 000.000 | 1 234 361 600 000.000 | 1 262 411 000 000.000 | 1 272 464 897 720.000 | 1 290 597 355 752.780 | 1 312 388 043 033.670 |
Selected variables: ready-made growth rates | Exports of goods and services, volume, growth (national accounts basis) | Percentage, 2014 | | 3.112 | 2.239 | 3.341 | 4.484 | 1.600 | 4.625 | 4.515 | 1.645 | -17.083 | 10.677 | 7.367 | 1.144 | 0.942 | 1.858 |
Government final consumption expenditure, volume, growth | Percentage, 2014 | | 1.612 | 1.540 | 1.308 | 0.970 | 1.362 | 1.436 | 0.776 | 1.038 | -4.169 | 6.543 | 2.553 | 0.635 | 0.977 | 0.648 |
Gross domestic product, market prices, deflator, growth | Percentage, 2014 | | 1.153 | 0.780 | 0.577 | 1.139 | 0.528 | 0.514 | 0.998 | 1.275 | 2.843 | 1.428 | 2.950 | 5.275 | 2.537 | 2.045 |
Gross domestic product, nominal value, growth | Percentage | | 1.520 | 1.483 | 1.545 | 2.199 | 1.516 | 2.987 | 2.835 | 3.187 | -5.054 | 7.883 | 5.552 | 6.234 | 3.307 | 3.220 |
Gross domestic product, volume, growth | Percentage, 2014 | | 0.363 | 0.698 | 0.963 | 1.048 | 0.983 | 2.460 | 1.818 | 1.888 | -7.679 | 6.364 | 2.527 | 0.911 | 0.751 | 1.152 |
Gross fixed capital formation, total, volume, growth | Percentage, 2014 | | 0.228 | -0.544 | 0.077 | 0.850 | 2.491 | 5.040 | 3.229 | 4.120 | -7.043 | 10.203 | 2.295 | 2.016 | 0.277 | 0.549 |
Harmonised core inflation | Percentage, 2014 | | 1.484 | 0.733 | 0.974 | 0.622 | 0.627 | 0.548 | 0.875 | 0.642 | 0.611 | 1.293 | 3.428 | 4.084 | 2.505 | 2.169 |
Harmonised headline inflation | Percentage, 2014 | | 2.218 | 0.990 | 0.611 | 0.087 | 0.305 | 1.162 | 2.099 | 1.298 | 0.524 | 2.066 | 5.906 | 5.714 | 2.713 | 2.182 |
Imports of goods and services, volume, growth (national accounts basis) | Percentage, 2014 | | 0.324 | 2.686 | 4.931 | 5.674 | 2.763 | 4.852 | 2.944 | 2.473 | -12.653 | 9.147 | 8.796 | 0.302 | 1.467 | 1.693 |
Private final consumption expenditure, volume, growth | Percentage, 2014 | | -0.342 | 0.547 | 0.870 | 1.439 | 1.600 | 1.644 | 0.998 | 1.759 | -6.684 | 5.134 | 2.272 | 0.796 | 1.425 | 1.688 |
Household sector accounts | Gross disposable income of household and non-profit institutions serving households | Euro | | 1 349 054 000 000.000 | 1 343 649 000 000.000 | 1 361 780 000 000.000 | 1 377 467 000 000.000 | 1 402 249 000 000.000 | 1 438 788 000 000.000 | 1 482 406 000 000.000 | 1 532 232 000 000.000 | 1 550 931 000 000.000 | 1 616 388 000 000.000 | 1 699 996 000 000.000 | 1 822 627 195 874.470 | 1 902 423 880 251.420 | 1 964 425 072 969.620 |
Prices and deflators | Consumer price index, harmonised | Index, 2014 | | 0.984 | 0.994 | 1.000 | 1.001 | 1.004 | 1.016 | 1.037 | 1.050 | 1.056 | 1.078 | 1.141 | 1.207 | 1.239 | 1.266 |
Core inflation index, harmonised | Index, 2014 | | 0.983 | 0.990 | 1.000 | 1.006 | 1.013 | 1.018 | 1.027 | 1.034 | 1.040 | 1.053 | 1.089 | 1.134 | 1.162 | 1.188 |
Exports of goods and services, deflator (national accounts basis) | Index, 2014 | | 1.009 | 1.007 | 1.000 | 1.008 | 0.995 | 1.003 | 1.011 | 1.023 | 1.012 | 1.081 | 1.230 | 1.221 | 1.236 | 1.261 |
Gross domestic product, market prices, deflator | Index, 2014 | | 0.987 | 0.994 | 1.000 | 1.011 | 1.017 | 1.022 | 1.032 | 1.045 | 1.075 | 1.090 | 1.123 | 1.182 | 1.212 | 1.236 |
Imports of goods and services, deflator (national accounts basis) | Index, 2014 | | 1.034 | 1.019 | 1.000 | 0.977 | 0.955 | 0.975 | 0.995 | 0.997 | 0.978 | 1.046 | 1.228 | 1.191 | 1.201 | 1.224 |
Purchasing power parity, national currency per USD | Euro | | 0.844 | 0.812 | 0.808 | 0.809 | 0.780 | 0.770 | 0.756 | 0.716 | 0.710 | 0.719 | 0.701 | 0.713 | 0.717 | 0.716 |
Labour markets | Labour force | Persons | | 29 260 442.078 | 29 386 695.181 | 29 417 275.000 | 29 513 025.000 | 29 568 675.000 | 29 609 000.000 | 29 725 375.000 | 29 660 175.000 | 29 387 300.000 | 30 113 600.000 | 30 577 100.000 | 30 833 915.681 | 30 952 512.733 | 31 051 679.695 |
Total employment (labour force survey basis) | Persons | | 26 383 692.078 | 26 337 945.181 | 26 376 025.000 | 26 441 775.000 | 26 579 675.000 | 26 803 000.000 | 27 021 375.000 | 27 132 175.000 | 26 995 300.000 | 27 727 600.000 | 28 341 100.000 | 28 623 879.436 | 28 658 289.124 | 28 721 395.994 |
Unemployment rate | Percentage | | 9.832 | 10.375 | 10.338 | 10.406 | 10.109 | 9.477 | 9.097 | 8.523 | 8.140 | 7.923 | 7.313 | 7.168 | 7.412 | 7.505 |
Monetary data | Long-term interest rate on government bonds | Percentage | | 2.536 | 2.204 | 1.666 | 0.842 | 0.468 | 0.810 | 0.784 | 0.130 | -0.145 | 0.007 | 1.701 | 3.055 | 4.006 | 4.087 |
Short-term interest rate | Percentage | | 0.573 | 0.221 | 0.210 | -0.019 | -0.264 | -0.329 | -0.322 | -0.356 | -0.425 | -0.549 | 0.342 | 3.386 | 3.777 | 3.527 |