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Business enterprise R&D expenditure by industry (ISIC Rev. 4)
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R-D personnel by sector of employment and occupation (1963-1980)
Gross domestic expenditure on R-D by sector of performance and source of funds
R-D personnel by sector of employment and occupation
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R-D personnel by sector of employment and qualification
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Gross domestic expenditure on R-D by sector of performance and field of science
Business enterprise R-D personnel by industry (ISIC rev.4)
Gross domestic expenditure on R-D by sector of performance and socio-economic objective in NABS2007
Business enterprise R-D expenditure by industry (ISIC rev. 3.1)
Business enterprise R-D expenditure by industry (ISIC rev. 4)
Business enterprise R-D expenditure by industry and by source of funds (ISIC rev. 3.1)
Business enterprise R-D expenditure by industry and by source of funds (ISIC rev.4
Business enterprise R-D expenditure by industry and by type of cost
Business enterprise R-D expenditure by industry and by type of cost (ISIC Rev.4)
Business enterprise R-D expenditure by size class and by source of funds
Other national R-D expenditure by field of science and by source of funds
Other national R-D expenditure by field of science and by type of cost
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R&D personnel by sector and function
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Function [5 / 5]
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Manage
Sector of employment
Total intramural
Business enterprise
Government
Higher education
Private non-profit
Function
Total internal personnel
Researchers
Other R&D personnel
Technicians and equivalent staff
Other supporting staff
Gender
Total
Female
Measure
Full time equivalent
Head count
Unit
Full time equivalent
Year
2011
2012
2013
2014
2015
2016
2017
2018
2019
2020
Country
Austria
(
D
)
61 170.5
(
D
E
)
65 088.2
(
D
)
66 186.1
(
D
E
)
70 138
(
D
)
71 396
(
D
E
)
75 164.9
(
D
)
76 010
(
D
E
)
80 198
(
D
)
83 659.9
(
D
E
)
82 052.6
Belgium
62 894.678
67 005
67 898.471
72 795
(
B
)
77 520
(
E
)
79 109
82 686.16
88 593.82
93 524.32
(
E
)
96 828
Canada
239 920
231 230
232 910
(
B
)
236 470
244 880
228 590
231 850
250 760
256 120
..
Chile
(
D
)
13 052.05
(
D
)
14 631.3
(
D
)
13 228.332
(
D
)
15 886.507
(
D
)
15 261.451
(
D
)
16 625.563
(
D
)
16 608.02
(
D
E
)
16 848.018
(
D
E
)
16 422.46
(
D
E
)
16 347.662
Czech Republic
55 696.942
60 329.444
61 975.856
64 443.452
66 433.4
65 782.995
69 735.653
74 969.489
79 245.005
80 958.077
Denmark
57 585
57 734.1
57 744
58 361
60 243
62 859
60 240
59 778
(
P
)
62 229
(
P
)
62 049
Estonia
5 724
5 855
5 858
5 789.9
5 636
5 772
6 048
6 183.1
6 394.3
6 449.2
Finland
(
B
)
54 525.864
54 046.616
52 972.1
52 130.2
50 367.2
47 429.3
48 998.5
50 011.3
51 493.5
53 519.1
France
402 491.7
(
m
)
411 780
(
m
)
416 687.349
(
B
)
423 902.746
426 428.21
432 245
442 222
453 387
461 891.359
(
E
P
)
470 585.876
Germany
575 099
591 261
588 615
605 252
640 516
657 894
686 349
707 703.672
735 584.41
733 831.176
Greece
(
B
D
)
36 913.33
(
D
)
37 361.2
(
D
)
42 187.62
(
D
)
43 316.11
(
D
)
49 658
(
D
)
41 790
(
D
)
47 584.86
(
D
)
51 279.07
(
D
)
53 932.45
(
D
)
58 103.29
Hungary
33 960
35 732
38 163
37 329
36 847
35 757
40 432
(
D
)
54 654
(
D
)
56 943
(
D
)
59 628
Iceland
(
B
)
3 244
..
(
B
)
2 736.28
..
2 941.32
..
3 172
..
..
..
Ireland
(
E
)
21 591
(
E
)
29 284
(
E
)
31 870
(
E
)
33 494
(
E
)
34 346.4
(
E
)
34 373.498
(
E
)
33 803
(
E
)
31 395.804
32 170
(
E
)
32 757
Israel
(
D
)
70 401
(
D
E
)
77 143.331
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
Italy
(
D
)
228 094
(
D
)
240 179.2
(
D
)
246 764
(
D
)
249 467
(
D
)
259 167
(
B
D
)
290 040
(
D
)
317 628
(
D
)
345 625
(
D
)
355 854
(
D
)
342 286.2
Japan
(
D
)
869 825
(
D
)
851 132
(
B
D
)
865 523
(
D
)
895 285
(
D
)
875 005
(
D
)
872 340
(
D
)
890 749
(
B
D
)
896 901
(
D
)
903 367
(
D
)
911 620
Korea
361 374.176
395 989.993
401 443.71
430 868.037
442 027.053
447 408.202
471 201.189
501 174.528
525 674.914
545 434.827
Lithuania
11 173
10 416
11 080
11 791
10 607
10 924
11 577.1
11 955.8
12 998
14 456.4
Latvia
(
D
)
5 432
(
D
)
5 593
(
D
)
5 396
(
D
)
5 739
(
D
)
5 570
(
D
)
5 120
(
D
)
5 378
(
D
)
5 806
(
D
)
5 924
(
D
)
6 559
Luxembourg
5 190.833
(
B
)
4 743.258
4 974.589
5 242.6
5 260
5 403.2
5 545
5 467.6
5 790
(
E
P
)
5 561.5
Mexico
73 436.135
58 849.404
59 073.095
52 237.476
57 016.416
65 827.653
(
E
)
65 411.868
(
E
)
64 602.23
(
E
)
66 889.342
(
E
)
69 988
Netherlands
(
B
)
117 435.519
(
B
)
122 215.084
(
B
)
135 555
136 174
139 382
144 482
150 399
156 875
160 422
166 422
New Zealand
23 600
..
24 900
..
33 000
..
34 000
..
39 000
..
Norway
36 950
37 707
38 536
40 297
42 409
43 918
46 234
46 601
48 723
48 947
Poland
85 218.7
90 715.5
93 750.8
104 359.2
109 249
111 789
(
D
)
144 103
(
D
)
161 993.1
(
D
)
164 006
(
D
)
173 391.6
Portugal
49 599.1
47 554.2
46 711.176
46 877.554
47 999.217
50 406.289
54 994.832
58 154.093
61 455.201
66 044.001
Slovak Republic
(
D
)
18 112
(
D
)
18 126.6
(
D
)
17 166.3
(
D
)
17 594
(
D
)
17 591.1
(
D
)
17 768
(
D
)
19 011
(
D
)
20 268
(
D
)
21 196
(
D
)
22 404.521
Slovenia
(
B
)
15 269
14 974
15 229
14 866
14 225
14 403
(
D
)
14 713
(
D
)
15 686
(
D
)
16 983
(
D
)
16 833.4
Spain
(
D
)
215 078.8
(
D
)
208 831.38
(
D
)
203 302.027
(
D
)
200 232.64
(
D
)
200 866
(
D
)
205 872.886
(
D
)
215 744.473
(
D
)
225 696.4
(
D
)
231 413.3
(
D
)
231 769.1
Sweden
(
E
)
78 445
(
E
)
81 272
(
E
)
80 957
(
E
)
83 473
(
E
)
83 551
(
E
)
90 690
(
v
)
88 928
(
E
)
92 011
(
E
v
)
92 172
95 463
Switzerland
..
75 476
..
..
81 451
..
78 908
..
85 853
..
Türkiye
(
E
)
92 801.097
(
E
)
105 121.762
(
E
)
112 969.069
(
E
)
115 444.147
(
E
)
122 288.396
136 953
153 552
172 119.4
182 846.935
199 371.366
United Kingdom
(
E
)
356 258.3
(
E
)
356 484.4
(
E
)
377 342.9
(
E
)
396 280.8
414 539
(
E
)
423 815
444 619
(
E
)
465 681
475 093
..
Non-OECD Economies
Argentina
(
P
)
69 568
72 323
74 866
76 904
78 713
81 030
80 009
83 856
84 953
..
China (People's Republic of)
2 882 903
3 246 840
3 532 816.8
3 710 580
3 758 847.6
3 878 056.8
4 033 597.2
4 381 443.7
4 800 768.3
5 234 507.7
Romania
(
B
)
29 749
31 135
32 507
31 391
31 331
32 232
32 586
31 933
31 665
33 189
Russia
839 183
828 401
826 733
829 190
833 654
802 317
778 155
758 462
753 796
748 721
Singapore
38 989.46
39 445.98
41 566.37
42 521.44
45 454.04
45 095.68
44 515.2
44 815.5
48 512.51
..
South Africa
30 978.43
35 050.3
37 956.48
38 465
41 054.5
42 533
44 259.3
43 774.29
41 856.2
..
Chinese Taipei
221 862.638
228 731.084
233 761.454
239 973.912
245 401.496
250 495.084
255 229.402
262 306.94
271 579.179
279 646.817
Legend:
B
Break
D
Difference in methodology
E
Estimated value
m
Underestimated or based on underestimated data
P
Provisional value
v
The sum of the breakdown does not add to the total (see source and methods)
Data extracted on 31 Mar 2023 16:33 UTC (GMT) from
OECD.Stat
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