Gross domestic expenditure on R&D by sector of performance and field of R&D (FORD)

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Gross domestic expenditure on R&D by sector of performance and field of R&D (FORD)

Sector

Field of R&D

Measure

Year

2012

2013

2014

2015

2016

2017

2018

2019

2020

2021

Country

Unit

Australia

Australian Dollar, Millions

..

^(E)

33 471.5

..

^(E)

31 179

..

Austria

Euro, Millions

^(E)

9 287.84

9 571.282

^(E)

10 275.18

10 499.146

^(E)

11 145.02

11 289.781

^(E)

11 911.85

12 441.232

..

Belgium

Euro, Millions

8 809.188

9 156.953

9 551.244

10 118.2

10 852.674

11 867.981

13 158.259

15 109.898

..

Canada

Canadian Dollar, Millions

^(B)

32 384

32 441

^(B)

34 196

33 703

35 022

36 113

38 838

40 345

^(P)

40 646

^(P)

40 066

Chile

Chilean Peso, Millions

470 675.384

535 924.384

^(B)	557 298.984

607 462.845

^(B)	626 174.38

639 775.75

^(P)

668 550.8

..

Czech Republic

Czech Koruna, Millions

72 360.307

77 853.386

85 104.467

88 663.39

80 109.157

90 386.025

102 753.73

111 622.047

^(P)	113 382.506

..

Denmark

Danish Krone, Millions

56 494.7

57 320.7

57 732

62 210

65 191

64 281

..

Estonia

Euro, Millions

380.695

326.045

286.736

302.82

270.34

304.32

365.64

452.97

..

Finland

Euro, Millions

6 831.888

6 684.1

6 512.1

6 070.9

5 926.1

6 173.2

6 437.7

6 715.1

..

Germany

Euro, Millions

79 110.378

79 729.508

84 246.766

88 781.819

92 173.556

99 553.616

104 669.045

110 025.41

..

Greece

Euro, Millions

1 337.6

1 465.67

1 488.74

1 703.82

1 754.18

2 038.43

2 179.31

2 337.66

..

Hungary

Forint, Millions

363 683.4

420 100.3

441 092.1

468 389.7

427 191.8

517 258

^(B)

654 163.1

702 199.3

..

Iceland

Iceland Krona, Millions

..

^(B)

33 342.3

40 395.266

50 408.6

52 999.4

55 061.5

56 900.2

70 808

72 697

..

Ireland

Euro, Millions

^(E)

2 733.892

^(E)

2 813.14

^(E)

2 921.4

^(E)

3 133

^(E)

3 175.76

3 727.603

..

4 370.61

..

Israel

New Israeli Sheqel, Millions

^(D)

41 267.9

^(D)

43 281

^(D)

46 230

^(D)

49 704

^(D)	55 268.692

^(D)	59 552.493

^(D)	64 350.472

^(DE)

72 905.87

^(D)	76 175.142

..

Italy

Euro, Millions

20 502.5

20 983.1

^(E)	21 781.275

22 157

^(B)	23 171.612

23 793.65

25 232.243

26 259.661

..

Japan

Yen, Millions

15 883 592

^(B)	16 680 069

17 472 907

17 436 052

16 911 538

17 512 261

^(B)	17 919 014

17 954 894

17 622 448

..

Korea

Won, Millions

55 450 115.649

59 300 949.33

63 734 126.793

65 959 371.727

69 405 529.886

78 789 187.375

85 728 714.738

89 047 077.118

93 071 686.49

..

Latvia

Euro, Millions

145.374

139.5

162.8

152.2

110.4

137.9

186.2

195.2

..

Lithuania

Euro, Millions

298.367

332.426

376.827

389.67

327.612

378.906

426.306

485.998

..

Luxembourg

Euro, Millions

^(B)

561.403

605.731

629.8

678

712.1

720.7

704.5

737.8

..

Mexico

Mexican Peso, Millions

66 586.501

69 182.632

76 109.341

79 753.681

78 055.652

^(E)	72 013.536

^(E)	72 245.613

^(E)	69 410.121

^(E)	69 443.806

..

Netherlands

Euro, Millions

^(B)	12 512.616

^(B)

14 240

14 595

14 808

15 235

16 081

16 554

17 760

..

Norway

Norwegian Krone, Millions

48 043.5

50 748.2

53 866.9

60 209.2

63 344.8

69 176.157

72 777.1

76 830.4

..

Poland

Zloty, Millions

14 352.9

14 423.8

16 168.2

18 060.7

17 943

20 578.5

25 647.792

30 284.822

..

Portugal

Euro, Millions

2 320.133

2 258.471

2 232.249

2 234.37

2 388.467

2 585.1

2 769.072

2 991.864

3 236.212

..

Slovak Republic

Euro, Millions

585.225

610.876

669.632

927.272

640.835

748.955

750.947

776.59

838.927

..

Slovenia

Euro, Millions

928.306

935.006

890.232

853.067

811.953

802.291

892.724

990.698

..

Spain

Euro, Millions

13 391.607

13 011.798

12 820.756

13 171.807

13 260

14 063

14 946

15 572

..

Sweden

Swedish Krona, Millions

^(E)

120 911

^(E)

124 635

^(E)

123 848

137 146

^(P)

143 372

155 532

160 351

171 060

..

Switzerland

Swiss Franc, Millions

18 502.014

..

20 563.379

..

21 047.561

..

22 884.333

..

Türkiye

Turkish Lira, Millions

13 062.263

14 807.322

17 598.117

20 615.248

24 641.252

29 855.478

38 533.67

45 953.691

54 956.827

..

United Kingdom

Pound Sterling, Millions

^(E)

27 006

28 875.1

^(E)

30 599.6

31 626

^(E)

33 129.6

34 808.6

37 071.9

^(P)

38 943

..

Non-OECD Economies

Argentina

Argentine Peso, Millions

^(P)	16 853.054

^(P)	20 837.734

^(P)	27 130.745

36 831.09

43 625.045

59 304.45

72 891.107

99 664.344

..

Romania

Romanian Leu, Millions

2 872.728

2 464.779

2 555.662

3 476.933

3 675.142

4 317.087

4 769.28

5 065.332

..

Russia

Russian Ruble, Millions

699 869.8

749 797.6

847 527

914 669.1

943 815.2

1 019 152.4

1 028 247.6

1 134 786.7

..

Singapore

Singapore Dollar, Millions

7 074.25

7 393.51

8 307.22

9 207.58

9 136.46

9 002.13

9 198.76

9 656.21

..

South Africa

Rand, Millions

23 871.219

25 660.573

29 344.977

32 336.679

35 692.973

38 724.59

36 783.968

34 484.862

..

Chinese Taipei

New Taiwan Dollar, Millions

433 997.008

458 433.181

484 541.111

511 618.321

541 756.976

574 501.661

615 985.932

660 511.293

718 791.377

..

Legend:

B	Break
D	Difference in methodology
E	Estimated value
P	Provisional value

Data extracted on 30 May 2023 16:38 UTC (GMT) from OECD.Stat

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Gross domestic expenditure on R&D by sector of performance and field of R&D (FORD)

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