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Key figures
Key figures
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Overview of national innovation policy mix
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Revealed technology advantage in selected fields
Revealed technology advantage (RTA) in selected fields
RTA in selected fields
Share of PCT patent applications filed by universities and PRIs
Structural composition of BERD
Structural composition of BERD
Structural composition of BERD by sector of activity
Structural composition of BERD by category of entreprise
Science Technology and Industry Outlook 2014
Science Technology and Industry Outlook 2014
Overall performance and policy trends
Policy Profiles
Country Profiles - Key Figures
Country Profiles - Comparative performance of national innovation systems - Raw data (Panel 1)
Country Profiles - Comparative performance of national innovation systems - Indexes (Panel 1)
Country Profiles - Structural Composition of BERD (Panel 2)
Country Profiles - Revealed Technology Advantage in selected fields (Panel 3)
Country Profiles - Allocation of public R&D funds (Panel 4)
Science Technology and Innovation Outlook 2016
Patents Statistics
International co-operation in patents
Indicators of international co-operation
Domestic ownership of inventions made abroad
Foreign ownership of domestic inventions
Patents with foreign co-inventors
Patents by technology
Patents by technology or IPC class
Patents - total and specific technology domains (OECD)
Patents by IPC - Section A
Patents by IPC - Section B
Patents by IPC - Section C
Patents by IPC - Section D
Patents by IPC - Section E
Patents by IPC - Section F
Patents by IPC - Section G
Patents by IPC - Section H
Patents by WIPO technology field
Patents in environment-related technologies
Archived indicators
Patents by regions
Patents in selected technologies by TL3 regions
Total patents by TL3 regions
Biotechnology patents by TL3 regions
ICT-related patents by TL3 regions
Nanotechnology patents by TL3 regions
Patents in environment-related technologies by TL3 regions
Research and Development Statistics
Expenditure
Business enterprise R&D expenditure by industry (ISIC Rev. 4)
Business enterprise R&D expenditure by main activity (focussed) and source of funds
Business enterprise R&D expenditure by main activity (focussed) and type of expenditure
Business enterprise R&D expenditure by source of funds and number of persons employed (organisation size class)
Gross domestic expenditure on R&D by sector of performance and field of R&D (FORD)
Gross domestic expenditure on R&D by sector of performance and socio-economic objective (SEO)
Gross domestic expenditure on R&D by sector of performance and source of funds
Gross domestic expenditure on R&D by sector of performance and type of expenditure
Gross domestic expenditure on R&D by sector of performance and type of R&D
GBARD
Government budget allocations for R&D
Personnel
R&D personel by sector and major field of R&D (FORD)
R&D personnel by sector of employment and qualification
R&D personnel by sector and function
R&D personnel in the business enterprise sector by main activity
Historical series
Government budget appropriations or outlays for RD
Gross domestic expenditure on R-D by sector of performance and source of funds (1963-1980)
R-D expenditure by sector of performance and type of R-D (1963-1980)
R-D personnel by sector of employment and occupation (1963-1980)
Gross domestic expenditure on R-D by sector of performance and source of funds
R-D personnel by sector of employment and occupation
Gross Domestic Expenditure on R-D by sector of performance and type of cost
R-D personnel by sector of employment and qualification
R-D expenditure by sector of performance and type of R-D
R-D personnel by sector of employment and field of science
Business enterprise R-D personnel by industry
Gross domestic expenditure on R-D by sector of performance and field of science
Business enterprise R-D personnel by industry (ISIC rev.4)
Gross domestic expenditure on R-D by sector of performance and socio-economic objective in NABS2007
Business enterprise R-D expenditure by industry (ISIC rev. 3.1)
Business enterprise R-D expenditure by industry (ISIC rev. 4)
Business enterprise R-D expenditure by industry and by source of funds (ISIC rev. 3.1)
Business enterprise R-D expenditure by industry and by source of funds (ISIC rev.4
Business enterprise R-D expenditure by industry and by type of cost
Business enterprise R-D expenditure by industry and by type of cost (ISIC Rev.4)
Business enterprise R-D expenditure by size class and by source of funds
Other national R-D expenditure by field of science and by source of funds
Other national R-D expenditure by field of science and by type of cost
R&D Tax Incentive Indicators
Implied tax subsidy rates on R&D expenditures
Effective tax rates for R&D
R&D tax expenditure and direct government funding of BERD
Science and Technology Indicators
View
Main Science and Technology Indicators (MSTI database)
TiVA 2021: Principal Indicators
Economic Outlook
Gross domestic product (annual)
Gross domestic product (quarterly)
Composite Leading Indicators
Consumer price indices - inflation
Health Status
Labour Market Statistics
Monthly Monetary and Financial Statistics (MEI)
Agricultural Outlook
Bilateral Trade by Industry and End-use (ISIC4)
Statistics from A to Z
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MSTI Variables
Gross Domestic Expenditure on R&D (GERD) at current PPP $
GERD in national currency (for euro area: pre-EMU euro or EUR)
GERD as a percentage of GDP
GERD at constant prices and PPP $
GERD, compound annual growth rate (constant prices)
GERD per capita population (current PPP $)
Estimated Civil GERD as a percentage of GDP
Basic research expenditure as a percentage of GDP
Total researchers (FTE)
Total researchers, compound annual growth rate
Total researchers per thousand labour force
Total researchers per thousand total employment
Total R&D personnel (FTE)
Total R&D personnel, compound annual growth rate
Total R&D personnel per thousand labour force
Total R&D personnel per thousand total employment
Business-financed GERD as a percentage of GDP
Government-financed GERD as a percentage of GDP
Percentage of GERD financed by the business enterprise sector
Percentage of GERD financed by government
Percentage of GERD financed by the Higher Education and PNP sectors
Percentage of GERD financed by the rest of the world
Percentage of GERD performed by the Business Enterprise sector
Percentage of GERD performed by the Higher Education sector
Percentage of GERD performed by the Government sector
Percentage of GERD performed by the Private Non-Profit sector
Total researchers (headcount)
Woman researchers (headcount)
Women researchers as a percentage of total researchers (headcount)
Business enterprise sector: Total researchers (headcount)
Business enterprise sector: Woman researchers (headcount)
Business enterprise sector: Women researchers as a percentage of total researchers (headcount)
Government sector: Total researchers (headcount)
Government sector: Woman researchers (headcount)
Government sector: Women researchers as a percentage of total researchers (headcount)
Higher education sector: Total researchers (headcount)
Higher education sector: Woman researchers (headcount)
Higher education sector: Women researchers as a percentage of total researchers (headcount)
Business Enterprise Expenditure on R&D (BERD) at current PPP $
BERD in national currency (for euro area: pre-EMU euro or EUR)
BERD as a percentage of GDP
BERD at constant prices and PPP $
BERD, compound annual growth rate (constant prices)
BERD as a percentage of value added in industry
Business Enterprise researchers (FTE)
Business Enterprise researchers, compound annual growth rate
Business Enterprise researchers as a percentage of national total
Business Enterprise researchers per thousand employment in industry
Total Business Enterprise R&D personnel (FTE)
Total Business Enterprise R&D personnel, compound annual growth rate
Total Business Enterprise R&D personnel as a percentage of national total
Total Business Enterprise personnel per thousand employment in industry
Business-financed BERD at constant prices and PPP $
Business-financed BERD, compound annual growth rate (constant prices)
Business-financed BERD as a percentage of value added in industry
Percentage of BERD financed by the business sector
Percentage of BERD financed by government
Percentage of BERD financed by the Higher Education and PNP sectors
Percentage of BERD financed by the rest of the world
BERD performed in the pharmaceutical industry (current PPP $)
Percentage of BERD performed in the pharmaceutical industry
BERD performed in the computer, electronic and optical industry (current PPP $)
Percentage of BERD performed in the computer, electronic and optical industry
BERD performed in the aerospace industry (current PPP $)
Percentage of BERD performed in the aerospace industry
BERD performed in service industries (current PPP $)
Percentage of BERD performed in service industries
Higher Education Expenditure on R&D (HERD) at current PPP $
HERD in national currency (for euro area: pre-EMU euro or EUR)
HERD as a percentage of GDP
HERD at constant prices and PPP $
HERD, compound annual growth rate (constant prices)
Percentage of HERD financed by the business sector
Higher Education researchers (FTE)
Higher Education researchers, compound annual growth rate
Higher Education researchers as a percentage of national total
Higher Education Total R&D personnel (FTE)
Higher Education Total R&D personnel, compound annual growth rate
Government Intramural Expenditure on R&D (GOVERD) at current PPP $
GOVERD in national currency (for euro area: pre-EMU euro or EUR)
GOVERD as a percentage of GDP
GOVERD at constant prices and PPP $
GOVERD, compound annual growth rate (constant prices)
Percentage of GOVERD financed by the business sector
Government researchers (FTE)
Government researchers, compound annual growth rate
Government researchers as a percentage of national total
Government Total R&D personnel (FTE)
Government Total R&D personnel, compound annual growth rate
Total Government Allocations for R&D (GBARD) at current PPP $
Total GBARD in national currency (for euro area: pre-EMU euro or EUR)
Total GBARD at constant prices and PPP $
Defence Budget R&D as a percentage of Total GBARD
Civil Budget R&D as a percentage of Total GBARD
Civil GBARD for Economic Development programmes (current PPP$)
Economic Development programmes as a percentage of Civil GBARD
Civil GBARD for Health and Environment programmes (current PPP$)
Health and Environment programmes as a percentage of Civil GBARD
Civil GBARD for Education and Social programmes (current PPP$)
Education and Social programmes as a percentage of Civil GBARD
Civil GBARD for Space programmes (current PPP$)
Space programmes as a percentage of Civil GBARD
Civil GBARD for Non-oriented Research programmes (current PPP$)
Non-oriented Research programmes as a percentage of Civil GBARD
Civil GBARD for General University Funds (GUF) (current PPP$)
General University Funds (GUF) as a percentage of Civil GBARD
Number of "triadic" patent families (priority year)
Number of patent applications filed under the PCT(priority year)
Share of countries in "triadic" patent families (priority year)
Number of patents in the ICT sector - applications filed under the PCT (priority year)
Number of patents in the biotechnology sector - applications filed under the PCT (priority year)
Export market share: Pharmaceutical industry
Total imports: Pharmaceutical industry (current prices)
Total exports: Pharmaceutical industry (current prices)
Trade Balance: Pharmaceutical industry (current prices)
Export market share: Computer, electronic and optical industry
Total imports: Computer, electronic and optical industry (current prices)
Total exports: Computer, electronic and optical industry (current prices)
Trade Balance: Computer, electronic and optical industry (current prices)
Export market share: Aerospace industry
Total imports: Aerospace industry (current prices)
Total exports: Aerospace industry (current prices)
Trade Balance: Aerospace industry (current prices)
ECONOMIC SERIES FOR MSTI
Implicit GDP Price Indices
Purchasing Power Parity
Gross Domestic Product (national currency)
Gross Domestic Product (current PPP$)
Value Added of Industry (national currency)
Value Added of Industry (current PPP$)
Population
Labour Force
Total Employment
Industrial Employment
Unit
Percentage
Year
2014
2015
2016
2017
2018
2019
2020
2021
Country
Australia
..
(
e
)
1.88
..
(
e
)
1.79
..
(
e
)
1.80
..
..
Austria
(
e
)
3.08
3.05
(
e
)
3.12
3.06
(
e
)
3.09
3.13
(
e
)
3.22
..
Belgium
2.37
2.43
2.52
2.67
2.86
3.16
(
e
)
3.38
..
Canada
(
b
)
1.71
1.69
1.73
1.69
1.74
1.75
(
p
)
1.84
(
p
)
1.61
Chile
(
b
)
0.38
0.38
(
b
)
0.37
0.36
(
e
)
0.37
(
e
)
0.34
(
e
)
0.34
..
Colombia
0.30
0.37
0.27
0.26
0.31
(
e
)
0.32
(
e
)
0.29
..
Czech Republic
1.96
1.92
1.67
1.77
1.90
1.93
1.99
..
Denmark
2.91
3.05
3.09
2.93
2.97
2.90
2.97
..
Estonia
1.43
1.47
1.24
1.28
1.41
1.63
1.75
..
Finland
3.15
2.87
2.72
2.73
2.76
2.80
2.91
..
France
(
b
)
2.28
2.23
2.22
2.20
2.20
2.19
(
e
p
)
2.35
..
Germany
2.88
2.93
2.94
3.05
3.11
3.17
(
e
)
3.13
..
Greece
0.84
0.97
1.01
1.15
1.21
1.28
1.51
..
Hungary
1.34
1.34
1.18
1.32
(
b
)
1.51
1.48
1.60
..
Iceland
(
e
)
1.94
2.18
(
e
)
2.11
2.08
(
e
)
2.00
2.33
2.47
..
Ireland
(
e
)
1.52
(
e
)
1.18
(
e
)
1.18
(
e
)
1.25
(
e
)
1.17
(
e
)
1.23
(
e
)
1.08
..
Israel
(
d
)
4.16
(
d
)
4.26
(
d
)
4.51
(
d
)
4.66
(
d
)
4.80
(
d
e
)
5.14
(
d
)
5.44
..
Italy
(
e
)
1.34
1.34
(
b
)
1.37
1.37
1.42
1.46
1.51
..
Japan
3.37
3.24
3.11
3.17
(
b
)
3.22
3.21
3.27
..
Korea
4.08
3.98
3.99
4.29
4.52
4.63
4.81
..
Lithuania
1.03
1.04
0.84
0.90
0.94
0.99
1.17
..
Latvia
0.69
0.62
0.44
0.51
0.64
0.64
0.71
..
Luxembourg
1.22
1.25
1.27
1.24
1.17
1.18
(
e
p
)
1.07
..
Mexico
0.44
0.43
0.39
(
e
)
0.33
(
e
)
0.31
(
e
)
0.28
(
e
)
0.30
..
Netherlands
2.17
2.15
2.15
2.18
2.14
2.18
2.32
..
New Zealand
..
1.23
..
1.35
..
(
p
)
1.40
..
..
Norway
1.72
1.94
2.04
2.10
2.05
2.16
2.28
..
Poland
0.94
1.00
0.96
1.03
1.21
1.32
1.39
..
Portugal
1.29
1.24
1.28
1.32
1.35
1.40
1.62
..
Slovak Republic
0.88
1.16
0.79
0.89
0.84
0.83
0.91
..
Slovenia
2.37
2.20
2.01
1.87
1.95
2.04
2.14
..
Spain
1.24
1.22
1.19
1.21
1.24
1.25
1.41
..
Sweden
(
e
)
3.10
(
v
)
3.22
(
e
)
3.25
(
v
)
3.36
(
e
)
3.32
(
v
)
3.39
3.49
..
Switzerland
..
3.04
..
3.03
..
3.15
..
..
Türkiye
0.86
0.88
0.94
0.95
1.03
1.07
1.09
..
United Kingdom
(
e
)
1.63
1.63
(
e
)
1.65
1.66
(
e
)
1.71
1.71
..
..
United States
(
d
)
2.72
(
b
d
)
2.79
(
b
d
)
2.85
(
d
)
2.91
(
d
)
3.01
(
d
)
3.18
(
p
)
3.45
..
European Union – 27 countries (from 01/02/2020)
(
e
)
2.00
(
e
)
2.00
(
e
)
1.99
(
e
)
2.03
(
e
)
2.07
(
e
)
2.11
(
e
)
2.19
..
OECD - Total
(
e
)
2.32
(
e
)
2.33
(
e
)
2.33
(
e
)
2.37
(
e
)
2.44
(
e
)
2.52
(
e
)
2.67
..
Non-OECD Economies
Argentina
(
p
)
0.59
0.62
0.53
0.56
0.49
0.46
..
..
China (People's Republic of)
2.02
2.06
2.10
2.12
2.14
2.23
2.40
..
Romania
0.38
0.49
0.48
0.50
0.50
0.48
0.47
..
Russia
1.07
1.10
1.10
1.11
0.99
1.04
1.10
..
Singapore
2.08
2.17
2.07
1.90
1.81
1.89
..
..
South Africa
0.77
0.80
0.82
0.83
0.75
0.68
..
..
Chinese Taipei
2.98
3.00
3.09
3.19
3.35
3.49
3.63
..
Legend:
b
Time series break
d
Definition differs
e
Estimated value
p
Provisional value
v
The sum of the breakdown does not add to the total
Data extracted on 28 Mar 2023 21:05 UTC (GMT) from
OECD.Stat
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