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Science Technology and Industry Outlook 2012
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Overview of national innovation policy mix
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Revealed technology advantage (RTA) in selected fields
RTA in selected fields
Share of PCT patent applications filed by universities and PRIs
Structural composition of BERD
Structural composition of BERD
Structural composition of BERD by sector of activity
Structural composition of BERD by category of entreprise
Science Technology and Industry Outlook 2014
Science Technology and Industry Outlook 2014
Overall performance and policy trends
Policy Profiles
Country Profiles - Key Figures
Country Profiles - Comparative performance of national innovation systems - Raw data (Panel 1)
Country Profiles - Comparative performance of national innovation systems - Indexes (Panel 1)
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Country Profiles - Revealed Technology Advantage in selected fields (Panel 3)
Country Profiles - Allocation of public R&D funds (Panel 4)
Science Technology and Innovation Outlook 2016
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Indicators of international co-operation
Domestic ownership of inventions made abroad
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Patents with foreign co-inventors
Patents by technology
Patents by technology or IPC class
Patents - total and specific technology domains (OECD)
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Patents by IPC - Section D
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Patents by IPC - Section H
Patents by WIPO technology field
Patents in environment-related technologies
Archived indicators
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Patents in selected technologies by TL3 regions
Total patents by TL3 regions
Biotechnology patents by TL3 regions
ICT-related patents by TL3 regions
Nanotechnology patents by TL3 regions
Patents in environment-related technologies by TL3 regions
Research and Development Statistics
Expenditure
Business enterprise R&D expenditure by industry (ISIC Rev. 4)
Business enterprise R&D expenditure by main activity (focussed) and source of funds
Business enterprise R&D expenditure by main activity (focussed) and type of expenditure
Business enterprise R&D expenditure by source of funds and number of persons employed (organisation size class)
Gross domestic expenditure on R&D by sector of performance and field of R&D (FORD)
Gross domestic expenditure on R&D by sector of performance and socio-economic objective (SEO)
Gross domestic expenditure on R&D by sector of performance and source of funds
Gross domestic expenditure on R&D by sector of performance and type of expenditure
Gross domestic expenditure on R&D by sector of performance and type of R&D
GBARD
Government budget allocations for R&D
Personnel
R&D personel by sector and major field of R&D (FORD)
R&D personnel by sector of employment and qualification
R&D personnel by sector and function
R&D personnel in the business enterprise sector by main activity
Historical series
Government budget appropriations or outlays for RD
Gross domestic expenditure on R-D by sector of performance and source of funds (1963-1980)
R-D expenditure by sector of performance and type of R-D (1963-1980)
R-D personnel by sector of employment and occupation (1963-1980)
Gross domestic expenditure on R-D by sector of performance and source of funds
R-D personnel by sector of employment and occupation
Gross Domestic Expenditure on R-D by sector of performance and type of cost
R-D personnel by sector of employment and qualification
R-D expenditure by sector of performance and type of R-D
R-D personnel by sector of employment and field of science
Business enterprise R-D personnel by industry
Gross domestic expenditure on R-D by sector of performance and field of science
Business enterprise R-D personnel by industry (ISIC rev.4)
Gross domestic expenditure on R-D by sector of performance and socio-economic objective in NABS2007
Business enterprise R-D expenditure by industry (ISIC rev. 3.1)
Business enterprise R-D expenditure by industry (ISIC rev. 4)
Business enterprise R-D expenditure by industry and by source of funds (ISIC rev. 3.1)
Business enterprise R-D expenditure by industry and by source of funds (ISIC rev.4
Business enterprise R-D expenditure by industry and by type of cost
Business enterprise R-D expenditure by industry and by type of cost (ISIC Rev.4)
Business enterprise R-D expenditure by size class and by source of funds
Other national R-D expenditure by field of science and by source of funds
Other national R-D expenditure by field of science and by type of cost
R&D Tax Incentive Indicators
Implied tax subsidy rates on R&D expenditures
Effective tax rates for R&D
R&D tax expenditure and direct government funding of BERD
Science and Technology Indicators
Main Science and Technology Indicators (MSTI database)
TiVA 2021: Principal Indicators
Economic Outlook
Gross domestic product (annual)
Gross domestic product (quarterly)
Composite Leading Indicators
Consumer price indices - inflation
Health Status
Labour Market Statistics
Monthly Monetary and Financial Statistics (MEI)
Agricultural Outlook
Bilateral Trade by Industry and End-use (ISIC4)
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Science Technology and Industry Outlook 2014
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Indicator
Research and Development (R&D) expenditure (select)
R&D, all performers (select)
GERD (Gross domestic expenditure on R&D) (select)
GERD, million USD PPPs
GERD, million constant USD PPPs
GERD, % of GDP
GERD, OECD share, %
GERD, world share estimate, %
GERD, compound annual growth rate at constant prices, %
GERD by source of funds (select)
Other national fundings (select)
GERD, publically financed, compound annual growth rate - constant prices
GERD, publically financed, % of GDP
R&D, business sector (select)
BERD (Business enterprise expenditure on R&D) (select)
BERD, million USD PPPs
BERD, million constant USD PPPs
BERD, % of GDP
BERD, compound annual growth rate at constant prices, %
BERD by source of funds (select)
Government funding (select)
Total direct and tax funding (select)
BERD, financed by direct and tax funding, million USD PPPs
BERD, financed by direct and tax funding, % of total BERD
BERD, financed by direct and tax funding, % of GDP
BERD, financed by direct and tax funding, % of total public funding of R&D
Funding from abroad (select)
BERD, financed by abroad, million constant USD PPPs
R&D, public sector (select)
HERD (Higher education expenditure on R&D) (select)
HERD, million USD PPPs
HERD, million constant USD PPPs
HERD, % of GDP
GOVERD (Government intramural expenditure on R&D) (select)
GOVERD, million USD PPPs
GOVERD, million constant USD PPPs
GOVERD, % of GDP
PSERD (Public sector expenditure on R&D) (select)
PSERD, % of GDP
PSERD, compound annual growth rate at constant prices, %
PSERD by source of funding (select)
Industry funding (select)
PSERD, financed by industry, % of total PSERD
PSERD, financed by industry, % of GDP
Public R&D expenditure by type of R&D (select)
Basic research expenditures, public research, % of total public R&D
Public R&D budgets (select)
GBAORD (Government budget appropriations and outlays for R&D) (select)
GBAORD, million USD PPPs
GBAORD, million constant USD PPPs
GBAORD, % of GDP
GBAORD by socio-economic objectives (select)
GBAORD, defence, % of total GBAORD
GBAORD, civil, % of total GBAORD
GBAORD, generic research, % of total civil GBAORD
Energy (select)
GBAORD, energy, million constant USD PPPs
GBAORD, energy, % of total GBAORD
Environment (select)
GBAORD, environment, million constant USD PPPs
GBAORD, environment, % of total GBAORD
Public R&D budgets by allocation mechanism (select)
Institutional block funding, % of total funding to national performers
Project-based funding, % of total funding to national performers
Innovation-related expenditure (select)
Investments on tangible and intangible assets (select)
ICT investments (select)
ICT investments, total, % of GDP
Education expenditure (select)
Higher education (tertiary level) (select)
Total funding (select)
Tertiary education expenditure, % of GDP
Education and human resources (select)
Education outcomes (select)
Population educational attainment (select)
Adult population at tertiary education level, % total
Top performers at 15 (select)
Top performers in science among 15-year olds, % total
Top adult performers (select)
Top adult performers in problem solving in technology-rich environments, % of 16-65-year-old adults
Doctorate graduates (ISCED2011 level 8), science and engineering (select)
Doctoral graduation rate, (ISCED2011 level 8), science and engineering, % of cohort at typical graduation age
International/foreign students in higher education (tertiary level- ISCED2011 levels 5 to 8) (select)
International/foreign students at university/tertiary level (ISCED2011 levels 5 to 8) (select)
International/foreign students at tertiary level (ISCED2011 levels 5 to 8), number
Researchers and R&D personnel (select)
Researchers (select)
Researchers, per thousand employment
ICT and Internet (select)
ICT network (select)
Broadband (select)
Fixed broadband subscribers, per 100 inhabitants
Wireless broadband subscribers, per 100 inhabitants
ICT use and deployment (select)
Government and administration (select)
E-government development index
Financial markets (select)
Equity financing (select)
Venture capital (select)
Venture capital investments (select)
Venture capital, % of GDP
Fiscal environment and tax incentives (select)
Tax incentives on R&D expenditures (select)
R&D tax incentives, cost estimates (select)
R&D tax incentives, cost estimates, % of GDP
Tax subsidy rates on R&D expenditures, B-index (select)
Tax subsidy rates on R&D expenditures, B-index, all firms
Tax subsidy rates on R&D expenditures, B-index, profitable SMEs
Tax subsidy rates on R&D expenditures, B-index, loss-making SMEs
Tax subsidy rates on R&D expenditures, B-index, profitable large firms
Tax subsidy rates on R&D expenditures, B-index, loss-making large firms
Legal and regulatory business environment (select)
Product market regulation index (PMR)(select)
PMR - Ease of entrepreneurship index
Science, Technology and Innovation actors (select)
Top universities and Public Research Institutes (PRIs) (select)
Top universities (select)
Top 100 universities, number
Top 200 universities, number
Top 500 universities, number
Top 500 universities, per GDP billion USD PPPs
Top world corporate R&D investors (select)
Top 500 (select)
Top 500 corporate R&D investors, per GDP USD PPPs
Top 500 corporate R&D investors, total R&D investments, million USD PPPs
Multinationals (select)
R&D expenditures of foreign affiliates, % of total R&D expenditure of enterprises
Innovative firms (select)
Technological innovation (product or process)
Organisational and/or marketing innovators, % of all firms
Product and/or Process and Marketing and/or Organisational innovators, % of all firms
Product and/or Process innovators, % of all firms
Young patenting firms (select)
Young patenting firms, per billion USD PPPs GDP
S&T and non S&T output (select)
Publications (select)
Quality of scientific publications
Publications in the top-quartile journals, per million USD GDP
Co-authorship
International co-authorship, % of total scientific articles
Patents (select)
Triadic patent families (select)
Triadic patent families, number
Triadic patent families, per GDP billion USD PPPs
Triadic patent families, world share, %
Patents filed under the Patent Cooperation Treaty (PCT) (select)
PCT patents, number of applications
PCT patents by Public Research Institutes (PRIs) (select)
PCT patents filed by PRIs in biotechnology and nanotechnology, % of all PCT patent applications
PCT patents filed by PRIs in environment related technologies, % of all PCT patent applications
PCT patents filed by PRIs in ICT, % of all PCT patent applications
IP5 patents families filed by universities and PRIs, as % of GDP
Revealed Technology advantage (RTA) (select)
RTA in biotechnologies and nanotechnologies
RTA in ICT
RTA in environment-related technologies
International co-invention (select)
International co-invention, % of total PCT patent applications
Trademarks and designs (select)
Trademarks (select)
Trademarks abroad, per GDP billion USD PPPs
Economic impact (select)
Macroeconomic performance (select)
Economic growth (select)
GDP per capita, USD PPPs
GDP percent change from preceding period, at annual rates (volume)
Labour productivity (select)
Labour productivity, GDP per hour worked, USD PPPs
Labour productivity, annual growth rate at constant prices, %
Impact on global challenges (select)
Environment and natural resources (select)
Environment and climate change (select)
Environmental productivity, GDP per unit of CO2 emitted, USD PPPs
Environmental productivity, GDP per unit of CO2 emitted, annual growth rate at constant prices, %
Environmental productivity, NNI per unit of CO2 emitted, USD PPPs
Environmental productivity, NNI per unit of CO2 emitted, annual growth rate at constant prices, %
Financial conditions (National Accounts) (select)
Firms accounts (non-financial corporations) (select)
Firms investments (select)
Gross fixed capital formation (GFCF), non-financial corporations, % of gross operating surplus (investment rate)
Firms operating margin (select)
Gross operating surplus, non-financial corporations, % of value added (profit margin rate)
Year
2002
2003
2004
2005
2006
2007
2008
2009
2010
2011
2012
2013
2014
Latest available year
Country
Australia
1.65
..
1.73
..
2
..
2.25
..
2.19
2.12
..
2.11
..
2.19
Austria
2.07
2.18
2.17
2.38
2.37
2.43
2.59
2.61
2.74
2.68
2.93
2.96
3.07
2.86
Belgium
1.89
1.83
1.81
1.78
1.81
1.84
1.92
1.99
2.05
2.16
2.36
2.43
2.47
2.24
Canada
1.98
1.97
2
1.98
1.95
1.91
1.86
1.92
1.84
1.8
1.79
1.69
1.61
1.69
Chile
..
..
..
..
..
0.31
0.37
0.35
0.33
0.35
0.36
0.39
0.38
0.35
Colombia
0.18
0.18
0.17
0.17
0.2
0.21
0.21
0.21
0.22
0.22
0.23
..
..
0.18
Costa Rica
0.36
0.37
0.37
0.43
0.36
0.4
0.54
0.48
0.47
0.47
..
..
..
0.48
Czech Republic
1.1
1.15
1.15
1.17
1.23
1.31
1.24
1.3
1.34
1.56
1.79
1.91
2
1.88
Denmark
2.44
2.51
2.42
2.39
2.4
2.51
2.78
3.07
2.94
2.97
3
3.06
3.05
2.98
Estonia
0.72
0.77
0.85
0.92
1.12
1.07
1.26
1.4
1.58
2.31
2.11
1.71
1.44
2.19
Finland
3.26
3.3
3.31
3.33
3.34
3.35
3.55
3.75
3.73
3.64
3.42
3.29
3.17
3.55
France
2.17
2.11
2.09
2.04
2.05
2.02
2.06
2.21
2.18
2.19
2.23
2.24
2.26
2.29
Germany
2.42
2.46
2.42
2.42
2.46
2.45
2.6
2.73
2.71
2.8
2.87
2.83
2.9
2.98
Greece
..
0.55
0.53
0.58
0.56
0.58
0.66
0.63
0.6
0.67
0.7
0.81
0.84
0.69
Hungary
0.98
0.92
0.86
0.93
0.99
0.96
0.99
1.14
1.15
1.2
1.27
1.4
1.37
1.3
Iceland
2.87
2.74
..
2.7
2.92
2.58
2.54
2.66
..
2.49
..
1.87
1.89
2.61
Ireland
1.06
1.12
1.18
1.19
1.2
1.23
1.39
1.61
1.61
1.53
1.56
1.54
1.49
1.66
Israel
4.13
3.9
3.88
4.04
4.13
4.41
4.33
4.12
3.93
4.01
4.13
4.09
4.11
3.93
Italy
1.08
1.06
1.05
1.05
1.09
1.13
1.16
1.22
1.22
1.21
1.27
1.31
1.29
1.27
Japan
3.12
3.14
3.13
3.31
3.41
3.46
3.47
3.36
3.25
3.38
3.34
3.48
3.59
3.35
Korea
2.27
2.35
2.53
2.63
2.83
3
3.12
3.29
3.47
3.74
4.03
4.15
4.29
4.36
Latvia
0.42
0.38
0.42
0.53
0.65
0.55
0.58
0.45
0.61
0.7
0.67
0.61
0.69
0.66
Lithuania
0.66
0.75
0.75
0.75
0.79
0.8
0.79
0.83
0.78
0.9
0.9
0.95
1.01
0.9
Luxembourg
..
1.65
1.62
1.59
1.69
1.61
1.64
1.71
1.53
1.5
1.29
1.3
1.26
1.46
Mexico
0.39
0.39
0.39
0.4
0.37
0.37
0.4
0.43
0.45
0.43
0.43
0.5
0.54
0.43
Netherlands
1.77
1.81
1.81
1.79
1.76
1.69
1.64
1.69
1.72
1.9
1.94
1.96
2
2.16
New Zealand
..
1.15
..
1.12
..
1.16
..
1.25
..
1.23
..
1.15
..
1.26
Norway
1.63
1.68
1.55
1.48
1.46
1.56
1.56
1.72
1.65
1.63
1.62
1.65
1.71
1.65
Poland
0.56
0.54
0.56
0.57
0.55
0.56
0.6
0.67
0.72
0.75
0.88
0.87
0.94
0.9
Portugal
0.72
0.7
0.73
0.76
0.95
1.12
1.45
1.58
1.53
1.46
1.38
1.33
1.29
1.5
Slovak Republic
0.56
0.56
0.5
0.5
0.48
0.45
0.46
0.47
0.62
0.66
0.81
0.83
0.89
0.82
Slovenia
1.44
1.25
1.37
1.41
1.53
1.42
1.63
1.82
2.06
2.42
2.58
2.6
2.39
2.63
Spain
0.96
1.02
1.04
1.1
1.17
1.23
1.32
1.35
1.35
1.33
1.28
1.26
1.23
1.3
Sweden
..
3.61
3.39
3.39
3.5
3.26
3.5
3.45
3.22
3.25
3.28
3.31
3.16
3.41
Switzerland
..
..
2.68
..
..
..
2.73
..
..
..
2.97
..
..
2.87
Türkiye
0.53
0.48
0.52
0.59
0.58
0.72
0.73
0.85
0.84
0.86
0.92
0.94
1.01
0.92
United Kingdom
1.72
1.67
1.61
1.63
1.65
1.68
1.69
1.74
1.69
1.69
1.62
1.66
1.7
1.73
United States
2.55
2.55
2.49
2.51
2.55
2.63
2.77
2.82
2.74
2.76
2.7
2.74
..
2.79
European Union (28 countries)
1.71
1.7
1.67
1.67
1.69
1.7
1.77
1.84
1.84
1.88
1.92
1.93
1.95
1.98
OECD - Total
2.15
2.15
2.13
2.16
2.19
2.22
2.29
2.34
2.3
2.33
2.34
2.37
2.38
2.4
Argentina
0.33
0.34
0.37
0.38
0.4
0.4
0.42
0.48
0.52
0.54
0.61
0.61
0.61
0.74
Brazil
1
0.96
1
0.99
1.08
1.13
1.12
1.16
1.14
1.15
1.24
1.24
..
1.16
China (People's Republic of)
1.06
1.13
1.22
1.32
1.38
1.38
1.46
1.68
1.73
1.79
1.93
2.01
2.05
1.98
India
0.71
0.74
0.81
0.8
0.79
0.84
0.82
(
E
)
0.8
(
E
)
0.82
0.81
..
..
..
0.76
Indonesia
..
..
..
..
..
..
(
P
)
0.08
0.08
..
..
(
E
)
0.08
..
..
0.08
Malaysia
0.65
0.6
0.6
0.61
0.61
(
B
)
0.79
1.01
1.07
1.06
1.13
..
..
..
1.07
Russia
1.25
1.29
1.15
1.07
1.07
1.12
1.04
1.25
1.13
1.09
1.13
1.13
1.19
1.12
South Africa
..
0.76
0.81
0.86
0.9
0.88
0.89
0.84
0.74
0.73
0.73
..
..
0.76
Chinese Taipei
2.16
2.27
2.32
2.39
2.51
2.57
2.78
2.94
2.91
3.01
3.06
..
..
3.06
Legend:
B
Break
E
Estimated value
P
Provisional value
Data extracted on 04 Jun 2023 23:29 UTC (GMT) from
OECD.Stat
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