Part 2 - Innovation as change in classrooms and schools

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Part 2 - Innovation as change in classrooms and schools

Country

Period

Initial year in percentage

Final year in percentage

Change in percentage points

Index of change

Field

Mathematics

Sciences

Reading

Not applicable

Mathematics

Sciences

Reading

Not applicable

Mathematics

Sciences

Reading

Not applicable

Mathematics

Sciences

Not applicable

Grade

4th grade

8th grade

4th grade

8th grade

4th grade

8th grade

Not applicable

4th grade

8th grade

4th grade

8th grade

4th grade

8th grade

Not applicable

4th grade

8th grade

4th grade

8th grade

4th grade

8th grade

Not applicable

4th grade

8th grade

Not applicable

Measure

Indicator

Percentage

Innovation in instructional practices (1): teaching style

Percentage of class time spent on lecture-style presentations, according to teachers

16.1723736864321

19.2083616568917

26.014943095878

16.6595255392154

20.3253799401213

26.9175115855402

0.487151852783306

^(w)	1.11701828322965

^(x)	0.902568489662169

Percentage of class time spent on lecture-style presentations, according to students

77.0269137120558

77.5634072534061

73.2859016978954

76.3345727564105

^(w)	-3.74101201416045

^(w)	-1.22883449699567

Percentage of students watching the teacher demonstrate an experiment or investigation in at least half the lessons

53.2461088364265

52.9944292586405

-0.251679577785964

Percentage of students watching the teacher demonstrate an experiment or investigation once or twice a month or more

68.7980861930944

61.7152667970365

^(w)	-7.08281939605781

Percentage of students whose teacher reads aloud to the whole class weekly or more

90.2289816057431

90.4125813674561

0.18359976171304

Percentage of class time spent on independent work, according to teachers

25.5364494218991

20.6892728609236

14.721031600676

25.5141404123396

19.8136371628912

14.136636591863

-0.022309009559439

^(x)	-0.875635698032418

^(x)	-0.584395008812967

Percentage of teachers asking students to read silently on their own once a week or more

93.6989207561977

97.8670930855494

^(w)	4.16817232935163

Innovation in instructional practices (2): student application

Percentage of students whose teachers ask them to relate what they read with their own experience in at least half their lessons, according to teachers

60.1368120850464

47.2290533669684

66.7009025141715

68.1071196677998

70.2544027213592

58.9110730011452

81.2867753039492

77.971553985277

^(w)	10.1175906363129

^(w)	11.6820196341768

^(w)	14.5858727897777

^(w)	9.86443431747729

Percentage of students whose teachers ask them to relate what they read with their own experience in at least half their lessons, according to students

59.6898467793048

36.1029321241517

42.3195766906901

76.2767471641401

43.7946908010986

41.636800928052

^(w)	16.5869003848352

^(w)	7.69175867694694

-0.682775762638187

Percentage of students reporting that they interpret data in tables, figures or graphs in half of the classes or more

38.8256854680203

41.1963905910158

^(w)	2.37070512299552

Percentage of students whose teachers ask them to make generalisations and draw inferences from a text once a week or more

63.0291372935284

79.2357492592969

^(w)	16.2066119657685

Percentage of students whose teachers ask them to explain their answers in at least half their lessons according to teachers

73.6870392845

80.4888103820123

^(w)	6.80177109751226

Percentage of students whose teachers ask them to explain their answers in at least half their lessons according to students

64.2045101902484

66.9639156248601

^(w)	2.75940543461175

Percentage of students whose teachers ask them to explain what they are studying in at least half their lessons

61.5308243784741

66.2298134323477

74.6662488070152

78.0701896570839

^(w)	13.135424428541

^(w)	11.8403762247362

Percentage of students whose teachers ask them to explain answers in at least half their lessons and change over time

76.4499336320004

88.8235620817074

^(w)	12.373628449707

Percentage of students whose teachers ask them to observe and describe natural phenomena in at least half their lessons according to teachers

28.6589246286071

48.7970008805716

^(w)	20.1380762519645

Innovation in instructional practices (3): class organisation

Percentage of students working together in small groups in at least half their lessons and change over time

18.1554569170925

61.2063029966951

56.6247402989467

31.2029265113218

57.4307901156147

53.0896496300314

^(w)	13.0474695942293

^(w)	-3.77551288108044

^(w)	-3.5350906689153

Percentage of students whose teachers ask them to read aloud in small groups or pairs at least weekly and change over time

46.8449097193767

52.2782826976369

^(w)	5.43337297826017

Percentage of 15 year-old students grouped by ability within class for at least some subjects and change over time

44.3856723225806

47.591318014195

^(w)	3.20564569161439

Percentage of students whose teachers often or always create same-ability groups when doing reading instruction or reading activities and change over time

9.73130520103001

12.5421876179386

^(w)	2.81088241690864

Percentage of students whose teachers often or always create mixed-ability groups when doing reading instruction or reading activities and change over time

4.53614911635401

4.78474527097219

0.248596154618181

Percentage of students whose teachers ask them to decide on their own procedures for solving complex problems in at least half their lessons and change over time

48.3802660612125

52.9660625517612

^(w)	4.58579649054874

Percentage of students deciding on their own procedures for solving complex problems in at least half their lessons and change over time

51.7872785318634

45.730816817531

^(w)	-6.05646171433241

Percentage of students whose teachers ask them to design or plan experiments or investigations in at least half their lessons and change over time

23.4871563342682

21.3181141922064

32.9413349446303

28.162315064078

^(w)	9.45417861036201

^(w)	6.8442008718715

Percentage of students who design or plan experiments or investigations in at least half their lessons and change over

52.0492440259925

42.4325498749671

44.1684237153991

41.3376614296617

^(w)	-7.88082031059337

^(y)	-1.09488844530537

Percentage of students whose teachers give them time to read books of their own choosing at least once a month and change over time

67.9470977061476

75.5382761393171

^(w)	7.59117843316957

Percentage of students reading books that they choose themselves at least once a month and change over time

83.8894033553761

82.3514565882339

^(w)	-1.5379467671422

Percentage of 15 year-old students in schools where the principal reports that learning is not at all hindered, or hindered very little, by teachers not meeting individual students’ needs and change over time

66.101976

71.9300050357143

^(w)	5.82802903571429

Percentage of 15 year-old students who agree or strongly agree that if they need extra help, they will receive it from their teachers and change over time

73.5898178333333

77.6166413

^(w)	4.02682346666667

Percentage of students whose teachers always or almost always use individualised instruction for reading and change over time

29.7304562691143

41.1651617494392

^(w)	11.434705480325

Innovation in the use of textbooks in classrooms

Percentage of students whose teachers use textbooks as a basis for instruction and change over time

51.1132495921015

62.732206521121

39.9123571883961

51.4273935342268

56.6498739216895

72.0140077203892

50.7753685891824

64.3474931792278

^(w)	5.53662432958803

^(w)	9.28180119926824

^(w)	10.8630114007863

^(w)	12.920099645001

Percentage of students whose teachers use textbooks as a basis for reading instruction and change over time

61.5934868389022

62.710453732565

1.11696689366284

Percentage of students whose teachers use textbooks as a supplementary resource and change over time

40.6256470778943

34.2181627176749

32.2017888150277

43.3006908331834

33.6799152209407

24.9464236042581

29.2240360828633

32.6375932037806

^(w)	-6.94573185695361

^(w)	-9.27173911341674

^(x)	-2.97775273216445

^(w)	-10.6630976294028

Innovation in the availability of computers and the internet in the classroom

Percentage of students with computers available to use and change over time

55.9087968715073

47.9767673093759

57.1416728826827

59.4468046204193

56.6049847863962

46.3991738580679

60.0651514132627

55.9640360847392

0.696187914888867

-1.57759345130806

^(y)	2.92347853058001

^(x)	-3.48276853568003

Percentage of students with Internet access in the classroom and change over time

49.1584702443417

43.0230101854108

53.1559601823457

54.6694794295193

54.2913261651883

42.0850633503137

58.0693112624784

53.3924805120401

^(w)	5.13285592084658

-0.937946835097065

^(w)	4.91335108013265

-1.27699891747918

Innovation in the methods of assessment used in classrooms

Percentage of 15-year old students enrolled in schools where standardised tests are used for assessment at least monthly and change over time

5.46058942857143

6.48092628571429

^(x)	5.46058942857143

Percentage of 15-year old students enrolled in schools where teacher-developed tests are used for assessment at least monthly and change over time

60.4668630714286

61.7946827142857

60.4668630714286

Percentage of 15-year olds assessed by teachers’ judgmental ratings at least monthly and change over time

48.44950825

59.3789838214286

^(w)	48.44950825

Percentage of 15-year old students enrolled in schools where students’ portfolios are used for assessment at least monthly and change over time

20.4580826428571

19.7286297272727

20.4580826428571

Percentage of 15-year old students enrolled in schools wherestudents' assignements/projects/homework are used for assessment at least monthly and change over time

70.2822054642857

70.4664040714286

70.2822054642857

Innovation in the use of computers in the classroom

Percentage of students using computers to practice skills and procedures at least sometimes and change over time

43.7572623605352

28.8399709306118

23.4331233903718

27.1111235678204

46.0562834328439

28.3721424912062

30.1979420431379

32.3769603259671

2.29902107230879

-0.467828439405533

^(w)	6.76481865276607

^(w)	5.2658367581467

Percentage of students using computers to look up ideas and information at least sometimes and change over time

29.9258205151434

27.027527788634

48.186122367374

50.0426345979164

31.8600890555222

23.0480055341048

51.6103432603857

46.9601760320769

1.93426854037885

^(w)	-3.97952225452926

^(x)	3.42422089301167

^(x)	-3.08245856583946

Percentage of students using computers to analyse data at least sometimes and change over time

24.63308354935

28.3266943797744

23.8644902211679

33.527732121172

26.0491904288226

23.3944232844006

29.0556647543087

31.5359965474331

1.41610687947263

^(w)	-4.93227109537382

^(w)	5.19117453314077

-1.99173557373898

Percentage of students using computers to read stories or other texts at least once or twice a week and change over time

14.0428445265612

16.1837082840969

^(w)	14.0428445265612

Percentage of students using computers to write stories or other texts at least once or twice a week and change over time

23.4183071366229

22.1589226078744

23.4183071366229

Innovation in the provision of special education in schools

Percentage of students in schools that offer remedial according to grade and field and change over time

81.962152193989

68.0561738463574

23.5541101043052

40.8804468259807

82.2790468724613

81.5610214393891

23.4318776609365

45.0839048869993

81.962152193989

^(w)	13.5048475930317

23.5541101043052

^(x)	4.20345806101855

Percentage of students in schools with reading specialists always available in classrooms to work with students with reading difficulties and change over time

14.9498062402474

14.7275177397683

14.9498062402474

Percentage of students in schools that offer enrichment according to grade and field and change over time

56.6016959594389

60.2849677232371

26.5623550549812

49.1876675173199

58.1435389527841

73.031679289639

26.0798627822678

53.4691787415673

56.6016959594389

^(w)	12.7467115664019

26.5623550549812

^(x)	4.2815112242474

Percentage of students in schools that offer informal initiatives to encourage students to read and change over time

85.1916817355206

87.8920851137633

^(w)	85.1916817355206

Innovation in the extent of teacher collaboration in schools

Peer discussions amongst teachers for specific grades and fields, percentage of students who have a teacher who discusses with other teachers how to teach a particular topic once a week or more and change over time

43.4098469198966

42.8625900888705

55.0364517129397

47.169514812922

45.0395733980438

55.2861072834989

^(x)	3.75966789302541

2.17698330917331

0.249655570559142

Teacher collaboration in preparing instructional materials for specific grades and fields, percentage of students who have a teacher who collaborates in planning and preparing instructional materials with other teachers once a week or more and change over time

37.5970944602147

36.501654358419

49.22508174617

37.2187939771647

34.8897119208217

48.3036762936328

-0.378300483050026

-1.61194243759736

-0.921405452537236

Classroom observations in specific grades and fields, percentage of students who have a teacher who visits another classroom to learn more about teaching once a week or more and change over time

3.63595181381982

4.05378385100656

5.04959004420239

5.42317211791124

5.67070468725518

10.661591655307

^(w)	1.78722030409143

^(w)	1.61692083624863

^(w)	5.61200161110465

Innovation in feedback mechanisms in schools

Use of student assessments for district or national benchmarking, percentage of 15-year old students in schools where assessments are used for comparing school to district or national performance and change over time

39.8388075

51.137021163601

^(x)	11.2067590952091

Use of student assessments for between-school comparisons, percentage of 15-year old students in schools where assessments are used to compare the school with other schools and change over time

66.7786206896552

45.6831113643381

^(w)	66.7786206896552

Use of student assessments for monitoring progress over time, percentage of 15-year old students in schools where assessments are used for monitoring progress from year to year and change over time

65.5355204285714

75.2707988563487

^(w)	9.73527842777727

Administrative tracking of school achievement data, percentage of 15-year old students in schools where achievement data is tracked over time by an administrative authority and change over time

64.8048484848485

65.2216404436353

64.8048484848485

Use of student assessments for instructional or curriculum improvement, percentage of 15-year old students in schools where assessments are used to identify instructional or curriculum improvement and change over time

69.6272434285714

72.3719225991026

^(w)	69.6272434285714

Percentage of principals’ time devoted to developing curriculum and pedagogy in their school and change over time

15.0218344639344

13.920740311964

^(w)	15.0218344639344

Innovation in evaluation and hiring in schools

Use of assessment data to make judgments about teachers' effectiveness, percentage of 15-year old students in schools where assessment data are used to make judgments about teachers’ effectiveness and change over time

40.3865517241379

44.7517379379242

^(w)	40.3865517241379

Use of achievement data for evaluating teachers' performance, percentage of 15-year old students in schools where achievement data are used for evaluating teachers’ performance and change over time

45.1342424242424

44.224781152252

45.1342424242424

Use of achievement data for the evaluation of principal's performance, percentage of 15-year old students in schools where achievement data are used for evaluating the principal’s performance and change over time

32.73625

36.0363167693951

^(w)

32.73625

Evaluation of teachers' practices by inspector observation in 8th grade mathematics in specific grades and fields, percentage of students in schools in which observations by inspectors or other persons external to the school are used to evaluate the practice of teachers and change over time

23.7463484480229

24.1056155093195

27.1154592028239

33.2078214731779

32.0179178926069

37.2199475130865

^(w)	9.461473025155

^(w)	7.91230238328744

^(w)	10.1044883102626

Peer review evaluation of teachers' practices in specific grades and fields, percentage of students in schools in which peer review is used to evaluate the practice of teachers and change over time

41.3794642983523

42.2753882408345

35.0351711110403

48.7436205393724

48.2659576137981

41.1007180879696

^(w)	7.36415624102017

^(w)	5.99056937296363

^(w)	6.06554697692935

Use of incentives for teacher recruitement and retention in specific grades and fields, percentage of students in schools which currently use any incentives to recruit or retain teachers and change over time

6.95257599376267

6.53954933002079

3.66729782708101

8.89054884806345

7.25518580148367

4.91735482818226

^(y)	1.93797285430078

0.715636471462871

^(y)	3.66729782708101

Innovation in schools' external relations

Parental perceptions of receiving regular information about their child's progress, percentage of 15-year old students whose parents agree or strongly agree that they receive regular information about their child’s progress and change over time

71.784383

74.2684254

^(w)

71.784383

Use of assessment data to inform parents about their child's progress, percentage of 15-year old students in schools where assessment data are used to inform parents about their child’s progress and change over time

96.963088

97.6641745699366

^(x)	0.701086569936678

Information provided to parents about their child's performance relative to national or regional benchmarks, percentage of 15-year old students in schools that provide information to parents on their child’s academic performance relative to national or regional benchmarks and change over time

47.1906060606061

46.7463944967706

47.1906060606061

Information provided to parents about student group performance relative to students in the same grade in other schools, percentage of 15-year old students in schools that provide information to parents on the academic performance of students relative to students in the same grade in other schools and change over time

26.1515625

23.7009884622417

^(w)	26.1515625

Schools asking parents of specific grade students to serve on committees, percentage of students in schools that ask parents to serve on school committees and change over time

71.4934648470456

70.1247636328941

72.7667281773279

70.5602568695004

71.4934648470456

70.1247636328941

Schools asking parents of specific grade students to volunteer for projects, percentage of students in schools that ask parents to volunteer for projects, programmes and trips and change over time

89.6821232977189

72.153463598931

90.4791813761595

73.8963368822614

89.6821232977189

72.153463598931

Publicly posting school achievement data, percentage of 15-year old students in schools where achievement data are publicly posted and change over time

37.6975757575758

36.3733863493774

37.6975757575758

Public relations and fundraising by school principals

59.2752

55.7738666666667

^(x)

59.2752

Time devoted to community/parent relations by 4th grade principals

14.2669333333333

12.8205333333333

^(w)	14.2669333333333

Standard error

Innovation in instructional practices (1): teaching style

Percentage of class time spent on lecture-style presentations, according to teachers

0.217051629613935

0.224771951849032

0.308149788146473

0.215005570323913

0.206411754187735

0.282595501663426

0.305514001624109

0.305169203237943

0.418110642647517

Percentage of class time spent on lecture-style presentations, according to students

0.288733171775969

0.295092085961482

0.283351305439197

0.2849242570137

0.404542713168719

0.41019650343696

Percentage of students watching the teacher demonstrate an experiment or investigation in at least half the lessons

0.448413620274259

0.425809807801109

0.618375910969278

Percentage of students watching the teacher demonstrate an experiment or investigation once or twice a month or more

0.461237476225344

0.467412283879193

0.656669058655795

Percentage of students whose teacher reads aloud to the whole class weekly or more

0.588739113904115

0.504101010549277

0.775068753774402

Percentage of class time spent on independent work, according to teachers

0.301384124690855

0.292169951704795

0.219138557472162

0.26948336782459

0.251845750071969

0.18519111823644

0.404294046641496

0.385732501234333

0.286910190904128

Percentage of teachers asking students to read silently on their own once a week or more

0.487455020370523

0.251769784422865

0.54863505286553

Innovation in instructional practices (2): student application

Percentage of students whose teachers ask them to relate what they read with their own experience in at least half their lessons, according to teachers

0.82586647153754

1.17646873349977

0.98095991390905

0.947832464364256

0.816310943392632

0.91920477463387

0.783436722679015

0.763803944936089

1.16121444406812

1.4929889814102

1.25541047117606

1.21728503104357

Percentage of students whose teachers ask them to relate what they read with their own experience in at least half their lessons, according to students

1.12552791239624

0.301968315802673

0.336084132795718

0.993541354849892

0.313864755182196

0.332681932415793

1.50131192807491

0.435540983484084

0.472895138982159

Percentage of students reporting that they interpret data in tables, figures or graphs in half of the classes or more

0.370522156906076

0.334514434163088

0.499185912683623

Percentage of students whose teachers ask them to make generalisations and draw inferences from a text once a week or more

0.942345254470592

0.776917237078618

1.22131690068267

Percentage of students whose teachers ask them to explain their answers in at least half their lessons according to teachers

1.00804460863808

0.778761162115561

1.27382215423656

Percentage of students whose teachers ask them to explain their answers in at least half their lessons according to students

0.307883381463932

0.279887966225483

0.416088272148473

Percentage of students whose teachers ask them to explain what they are studying in at least half their lessons

0.788422652890968

0.831266719554958

0.789685910385611

0.728464623162977

1.11589162406265

1.10528958478746

Percentage of students whose teachers ask them to explain answers in at least half their lessons and change over time

0.952865204452476

0.692645094467347

1.17801074899423

Percentage of students whose teachers ask them to observe and describe natural phenomena in at least half their lessons according to teachers

0.852329142029551

0.883889317110058

1.22789465804446

Innovation in instructional practices (3): class organisation

Percentage of students working together in small groups in at least half their lessons and change over time

0.376750039870033

0.449208420760116

0.505949217360548

0.341786920387789

0.40826006616604

0.457146931122391

0.508683488517408

0.607012756791566

0.681885567512887

Percentage of students whose teachers ask them to read aloud in small groups or pairs at least weekly and change over time

0.907553694018992

0.886497983256601

1.26867347329624

Percentage of 15 year-old students grouped by ability within class for at least some subjects and change over time

3.06950361290323

2.93290322580645

0.810980926552023

Percentage of students whose teachers often or always create same-ability groups when doing reading instruction or reading activities and change over time

0.631537414247816

0.559607036168443

0.843800652123502

Percentage of students whose teachers often or always create mixed-ability groups when doing reading instruction or reading activities and change over time

0.459690560964387

0.413093323334146

0.618030343610248

Percentage of students whose teachers ask them to decide on their own procedures for solving complex problems in at least half their lessons and change over time

1.17665560347898

0.97108200282277

1.5256207475663

Percentage of students deciding on their own procedures for solving complex problems in at least half their lessons and change over time

0.289770049431962

0.29247351006566

0.411712807230877

Percentage of students whose teachers ask them to design or plan experiments or investigations in at least half their lessons and change over time

0.931042225649652

0.872978786697966

0.931888705399581

0.844220340845813

1.3172912302122

1.21441341639595

Percentage of students who design or plan experiments or investigations in at least half their lessons and change over

0.417818723516318

0.421638638010552

0.357880461472006

0.39130617794059

0.550137174188603

0.575238790380018

Percentage of students whose teachers give them time to read books of their own choosing at least once a month and change over time

0.767042792080348

0.654382092330731

1.00825124232285

Percentage of students reading books that they choose themselves at least once a month and change over time

0.240982535656913

0.238055375953865

0.338737279483926

3.40194732142857

2.78949107142857

0.891918737501096

Percentage of 15 year-old students who agree or strongly agree that if they need extra help, they will receive it from their teachers and change over time

0.8896859

0.694710066666666

0.213377392394079

Percentage of students whose teachers always or almost always use individualised instruction for reading and change over time

0.981511677505911

0.919510024869716

1.34494009491738

Innovation in the use of textbooks in classrooms

Percentage of students whose teachers use textbooks as a basis for instruction and change over time

0.992021110905651

1.1095173754304

1.0201574855222

1.03474788526652

0.803956648220084

0.797800260783654

0.881505078586794

0.859408013615272

1.27689160726342

1.36657018205741

1.34824793670945

1.34509676972687

Percentage of students whose teachers use textbooks as a basis for reading instruction and change over time

0.965690928483964

0.856517550424342

1.29080644697071

Percentage of students whose teachers use textbooks as a supplementary resource and change over time

1.0330082269809

1.1147383093011

1.05235921380729

1.02582681140862

0.87350134697118

0.818214334782867

0.979569251088821

0.866804174314032

1.35281580422861

1.38279289695444

1.43771201308322

1.3430078643154

Innovation in the availability of computers and the internet in the classroom

Percentage of students with computers available to use and change over time

1.06107586328822

1.11573317125853

1.05859672365255

1.01494704491466

0.959132044655615

0.999064107963135

1.06068572979852

0.997708221075446

1.43032033710568

1.49766137737033

1.49855972210858

1.42321438946581

Percentage of students with Internet access in the classroom and change over time

1.11054489637928

1.12037136212362

1.07103404146676

1.07018871588016

0.946450790839829

1.00395824545482

1.05997689480475

1.00401257565558

1.45913641115401

1.50438164961005

1.50687256777093

1.46742806967557

Innovation in the methods of assessment used in classrooms

Percentage of 15-year old students enrolled in schools where standardised tests are used for assessment at least monthly and change over time

1.37094103571429

1.30247453571429

0.440620046529085

Percentage of 15-year old students enrolled in schools where teacher-developed tests are used for assessment at least monthly and change over time

3.02233442857143

2.79663832142857

0.838392455759972

Percentage of 15-year olds assessed by teachers’ judgmental ratings at least monthly and change over time

2.98658392857143

2.75751871428571

0.8175858629753

Percentage of 15-year old students enrolled in schools where students’ portfolios are used for assessment at least monthly and change over time

0.487753507173618

0.418147026875806

0.642456550939626

Percentage of 15-year old students enrolled in schools wherestudents' assignements/projects/homework are used for assessment at least monthly and change over time

2.79489507142857

2.53674275

0.765529854553713

Innovation in the use of computers in the classroom

Percentage of students using computers to practice skills and procedures at least sometimes and change over time

1.09803869380248

1.05348290282778

1.01753246709325

0.919060612280948

0.932667703655799

0.914016554164669

1.02543253939166

0.926641991798568

1.44067970712786

1.39472308643598

1.44460521057904

1.30511983741366

Percentage of students using computers to look up ideas and information at least sometimes and change over time

1.06515618848801

1.0177787267024

1.0916709445622

1.01873445702095

0.960664341307159

0.86544729906387

1.13395151349101

0.965671936188748

1.43437571177618

1.33599122900748

1.57403668513472

1.40368877685344

Percentage of students using computers to analyse data at least sometimes and change over time

0.852389503857704

1.04573967249957

1.04327161939002

0.992530980319491

0.846559429362191

0.85022652136052

0.984501497476816

0.912016943283028

1.20134538486183

1.34775984517433

1.4344542064349

1.34792160444489

Percentage of students using computers to read stories or other texts at least once or twice a week and change over time

0.67360273093573

0.709819567050399

0.978562444043143

Percentage of students using computers to write stories or other texts at least once or twice a week and change over time

0.783417125991256

0.768141211441585

1.09717059476243

Innovation in the provision of special education in schools

Percentage of students in schools that offer remedial according to grade and field and change over time

0.91928791403692

1.24329476054829

1.00658197537946

1.39098958054841

0.87443317979353

1.05123391846163

0.955823644146634

1.17284805041189

1.26874885411502

1.62815067267468

1.3880944174906

1.81945721646573

Percentage of students in schools with reading specialists always available in classrooms to work with students with reading difficulties and change over time

0.71922474948682

0.63083785123816

0.956682097056884

Percentage of students in schools that offer enrichment according to grade and field and change over time

1.20302711417049

1.24373082698098

1.10070364850877

1.33303507111351

1.11206099091514

1.22100876157695

1.12004505400847

1.30743294512699

1.63827771911374

1.74290813465038

1.57036602257224

1.86718060369693

Percentage of students in schools that offer informal initiatives to encourage students to read and change over time

0.734012023149053

0.694824358875343

1.01071981271463

Innovation in the extent of teacher collaboration in schools

1.14350905991154

0.998287790950357

1.15992012973197

1.01404384421386

0.992087337520161

1.08821812955526

1.52836444871235

1.40741457958499

1.5904821296859

1.1638965793411

1.01233809444928

1.17703834472798

0.915171914355195

0.912521824703817

1.04222463745668

1.48060625428453

1.36291030447127

1.57214867613775

Classroom observations in specific grades and fields, percentage of students who have a teacher who visits another classroom to learn more about teaching once a week or more and change over time

0.440582340122244

0.398215419480578

0.512425397892266

0.472275282901779

0.428643262731024

0.582811510710177

0.645876722964644

0.585073129614401

0.776047063921594

Innovation in feedback mechanisms in schools

0.653972035731083

0.55259659789036

0.856178966991281

Use of student assessments for between-school comparisons, percentage of 15-year old students in schools where assessments are used to compare the school with other schools and change over time

0.562942519817354

0.556061934633753

0.791270595793212

Use of student assessments for monitoring progress over time, percentage of 15-year old students in schools where assessments are used for monitoring progress from year to year and change over time

0.629888372742539

0.521456824087819

0.817726471079418

Administrative tracking of school achievement data, percentage of 15-year old students in schools where achievement data is tracked over time by an administrative authority and change over time

2.77272727272727

2.69636363636364

0.733766088189083

0.568956283140795

0.528389447437461

0.776470643545945

Percentage of principals’ time devoted to developing curriculum and pedagogy in their school and change over time

0.197361415333551

0.176641863225698

0.264865769978509

Innovation in evaluation and hiring in schools

0.595831436792449

0.581628060663555

0.832650167850462

Use of achievement data for evaluating teachers' performance, percentage of 15-year old students in schools where achievement data are used for evaluating teachers’ performance and change over time

0.505622020071219

0.515448310225413

0.72203918709107

0.51947746432112

0.514907075961284

0.73142746244074

0.976328829746575

0.967033629680799

0.859439273011575

0.888548159199071

0.859829494268927

0.961431135337468

1.32012719652705

1.29400958271119

1.28956802534452

Peer review evaluation of teachers' practices in specific grades and fields, percentage of students in schools in which peer review is used to evaluate the practice of teachers and change over time

1.06997222013426

1.056917675076

1.04655138993623

1.01321486909862

0.976621621475345

1.01778560785395

1.47358234341402

1.43904995167687

1.45984840148972

0.733668868938428

0.662379335458019

0.463987006551795

0.693245932907363

0.640136145219907

0.54870691303396

1.00938591863667

0.921151816183852

0.718584176461014

Innovation in schools' external relations

0.8740054

0.803552

0.549360170604641

0.270508810361424

0.196399348475581

0.334286883626603

0.511670682228659

0.513641458810878

0.725006507047839

0.510502395011522

0.486380525540446

0.705109006422057

Schools asking parents of specific grade students to serve on committees, percentage of students in schools that ask parents to serve on school committees and change over time

1.02893543302877

1.04043081215235

0.971090934145344

0.976098641945831

1.41482356770072

1.42662708290727

Schools asking parents of specific grade students to volunteer for projects, percentage of students in schools that ask parents to volunteer for projects, programmes and trips and change over time

0.682923724516932

1.01832030031345

0.693043493574736

0.97382142968292

0.972982064323055

1.40900830761928

Publicly posting school achievement data, percentage of 15-year old students in schools where achievement data are publicly posted and change over time

2.67060606060606

2.64666666666667

0.71425090955477

Public relations and fundraising by school principals

4.20414

3.89676

1.53528537717839

Time devoted to community/parent relations by 4th grade principals

0.616533333333333

0.533066666666667

0.223314526571331

Index

Composite indices of innovation in classrooms and schools

Overall composite education innovation index, 2000-2011

22.31157

School level composite innovation indices, 2000-2011

23.1210257142857

Classroom level composite innovation indices, 2000-2011

22.0969285714286

Subject-level composite innovation indices for maths and science education, 2000-2011

23.9164166666667

24.25759

Composite innovation indices for 8th grade and 4th grade, 2000-2011

23.0358644444444

22.2338014285714

Legend:

w	Change significant at the 0.01 level
x	Change significant at the 0.05 level
y	Change significant at the 0.1 level

Data extracted on 01 Jun 2023 12:30 UTC (GMT) from OECD.Stat

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Part 2 - Innovation as change in classrooms and schools

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