Patent indicators

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Environment
- Air and Climate
- Water
- Waste
- Environmental risks and health
  - Exposure to air pollution
    - Exposure to PM2.5 in countries and regions
      - Exposure to PM2.5 in countries
      - Exposure to PM2.5 in large subnational regions
  - Mortality, morbidity and welfare cost from exposure to environment-related risks
- Material Resources
  - Material Resources
- Forest
  - Depletion and growth of forest resources in terms of volume
- Land Resources
  - Land Cover
    - Land cover in countries and regions
    - Land cover in Functional Urban Areas
      - Land cover in Functional Urban Areas
      - Land cover in Functional Urban Areas - detail
    - Land cover change in countries and regions
    - Built-up area and built-up area change in countries and regions
    - Built-up area and built-up area change in Functional Urban Areas
      - Built-up area in Functional Urban Areas
      - Built-up area change in Functional Urban Areas
    - Surface water and surface water change
      - Surface water
      - Surface water change
    - Intact Forest Landscapes
  - Land Use
    - Land use
- Biodiversity
- Mineral and Energy Resource Accounts
  - Mineral and Energy Resources
- Innovation in environment-related technologies
- Environmentally Adjusted Multifactor Productivity
  - Environmentally Adjusted Multifactor Productivity
- Environmental Expenditures and Revenues
  - Environmental protection expenditure and revenues (DISCONTINUED)
  - EPEA (Environmental Protection Expenditure Accounts)
- Environmental policy
- Agri-Environmental indicators: Nutrients
- Agri-Environmental other indicators
- Green Growth
  - Green Growth Indicators
- Sustainable Ocean Economy
  - Countries by indicator
  - Indicators by country
- Policy Indicators on Trade and Environment

Patent indicators

Country
Year					1970	1980	1990	2000	2005	2010	2015	2016	2017	2018	2019


Type	Variable	Technology domain
Development of environment-related technologies	Percentage of all technologies	Environment-related technologies			12.5	10.76	8.42	7.68	8.89	13.13	10.03	10.38	10.39	9.17	10.26
		Environment-related technologies	General environmental management		4.17	4.01	6.14	4.71	5.52	6.53	4.22	5.21	5.24	4.68	4.86
			Climate change mitigation	Climate change mitigation technologies related to energy generation, transmission or distribution	1.67	4.2	1.2	1.83	2.84	6.44	5.21	4.33	4.81	4.53	5.13
				Climate change mitigation technologies in the production or processing of goods	6.67	2.01	1.69	1.78	1.84	3.2	2.72	3.04	2.76	3.09	2.47
				Climate change mitigation in information and communication technologies (ICT)	..	..	0.05	0.05	0.14	0.19	0.35	0.35	0.2	0.21	0.27
				Capture, storage, sequestration or disposal of greenhouse gases	..	..	0.1	..	0.22	0.69	0.44	0.35	0.31	0.47	0.11
				Climate change mitigation technologies related to transportation	..	2.92	1.35	1.22	0.99	1.29	1.45	1.03	1.76	0.85	0.89
				Climate change mitigation technologies related to buildings	1.67	0.73	0.38	0.86	1.05	1.08	1.37	1.52	1.56	1.16	1.25
				Climate change mitigation technologies related to wastewater treatment or waste management	..	0.91	1.52	1.11	1.08	1.12	0.74	1.14	1.08	0.65	1.13
		Climate change adaptation technologies			3.33	1.28	3.97	4.28	6.42	4.89	3.93	4.69	4.63	4.93	4.48
		Sustainable ocean economy			..	0.73	1.15	0.78	1.69	2.39	1.15	1.57	1.36	0.56	0.82
	Relative advantage	Environment-related technologies			1.04	0.53	0.47	0.38	0.39	0.37	0.32	0.33	0.33	0.31	0.4
		Environment-related technologies	General environmental management		0.35	0.2	0.34	0.23	0.24	0.18	0.14	0.16	0.17	0.16	0.19
			Climate change mitigation	Climate change mitigation technologies related to energy generation, transmission or distribution	0.14	0.21	0.07	0.09	0.12	0.18	0.17	0.14	0.15	0.15	0.2
				Climate change mitigation technologies in the production or processing of goods	0.56	0.1	0.09	0.09	0.08	0.09	0.09	0.1	0.09	0.11	0.1
				Climate change mitigation in information and communication technologies (ICT)	..	..	0	0	0.01	0.01	0.01	0.01	0.01	0.01	0.01
				Capture, storage, sequestration or disposal of greenhouse gases	..	..	0.01	..	0.01	0.02	0.01	0.01	0.01	0.02	0
				Climate change mitigation technologies related to transportation	..	0.14	0.08	0.06	0.04	0.04	0.05	0.03	0.06	0.03	0.03
				Climate change mitigation technologies related to buildings	0.14	0.04	0.02	0.04	0.05	0.03	0.04	0.05	0.05	0.04	0.05
				Climate change mitigation technologies related to wastewater treatment or waste management	..	0.05	0.09	0.05	0.05	0.03	0.02	0.04	0.03	0.02	0.04
		Climate change adaptation technologies			0.28	0.06	0.22	0.21	0.28	0.14	0.13	0.15	0.15	0.17	0.17
		Sustainable ocean economy			..	0.04	0.06	0.04	0.07	0.07	0.04	0.05	0.04	0.02	0.03
	Percentage of inventions worldwide	Environment-related technologies			0.74	1.13	1.12	1.2	1.09	0.81	0.66	0.68	0.62	0.56	0.67
	Inventions per capita				0.59	4.04	5.16	10.42	12.88	14.17	11.08	11.65	10.88	9.46	9.99
	Inventions per unit of government R&D				..	..	0.99	1.53	2	0.77	0.67	0.64	0.49	0.54	0.59
	Percentage of environment-related technologies. By domain	Environment-related technologies	General environmental management		29.41	27.16	49.42	40.75	40.36	31.78	25.6	30.7	29.6	29.94	30.13
			Climate change mitigation	Climate change mitigation technologies related to energy generation, transmission or distribution	11.76	28.4	9.67	15.81	20.76	31.35	31.54	25.55	27.13	28.96	31.85
				Climate change mitigation technologies in the production or processing of goods	47.06	13.58	13.59	15.42	13.43	15.58	16.48	17.9	15.57	19.78	15.31
				Climate change mitigation in information and communication technologies (ICT)	..	..	0.39	0.39	1	0.93	2.14	2.06	1.13	1.33	1.69
				Capture, storage, sequestration or disposal of greenhouse gases	..	..	0.77	..	1.63	3.36	2.64	2.09	1.75	2.99	0.68
				Climate change mitigation technologies related to transportation	..	19.75	10.83	10.58	7.21	6.28	8.81	6.06	9.94	5.41	5.54
				Climate change mitigation technologies related to buildings	11.76	4.94	3.09	7.42	7.69	5.28	8.33	8.93	8.79	7.43	7.76
				Climate change mitigation technologies related to wastewater treatment or waste management	..	6.17	12.24	9.63	7.92	5.45	4.47	6.71	6.07	4.15	7.04
Diffusion of environment-related technologies	Percentage of all technologies	Environment-related technologies			4.51	8.31	6.55	5.99	7.07	12.02	8.88	8.63	8.95	8.62	7.81
	Percentage of inventions worldwide	Environment-related technologies			6.72	6.55	5.6	9.77	2.96	3.13	1.98	2.1	2.22	2.15	1.93
	Percentage of environment-related technologies. By domain	Environment-related technologies	General environmental management		55.39	35.29	49.44	39.12	40.01	30.25	27.4	27.48	29.4	29.21	29
			Climate change mitigation	Climate change mitigation technologies related to energy generation, transmission or distribution	11.37	25	14.37	23.46	22.33	31.36	31.66	28.57	30.95	30.13	30.69
				Climate change mitigation technologies in the production or processing of goods	15.45	20.71	14.24	14.33	14.11	15.87	15.89	14.35	13.87	15.06	14.83
				Climate change mitigation in information and communication technologies (ICT)	..	0.26	1.5	3.28	3.49	2	3.61	4.62	4.23	2.85	2.92
				Capture, storage, sequestration or disposal of greenhouse gases	..	0.66	0.47	1.24	1.09	3.27	1.84	2.26	1.59	1.68	1.29
				Climate change mitigation technologies related to transportation	8.16	7.06	7.5	6.95	7.89	6.17	6.18	7.27	7.92	8.38	7.77
				Climate change mitigation technologies related to buildings	4.37	5.74	4.29	5.24	5.15	6.29	7.89	10.48	6.16	6.52	7.31
				Climate change mitigation technologies related to wastewater treatment or waste management	5.25	5.28	8.19	6.4	5.93	4.79	5.53	4.96	5.87	6.17	6.19
		Climate change adaptation technologies			18.45	14.15	19.97	28.47	33.83	26.2	26.39	32.49	29.62	30.54	..
		Sustainable ocean economy			7.3	6.6	5.12	4.55	4.89	4.94	4.41	4.75	5.09	4.84	..
International collaboration in development of environment-related technologies	Percentage of collaborations in all technologies	Environment-related technologies			..	5.8	10.4	3.19	5.51	8	7.53	5.69	6.83	5.21	6.4
	Propensity to collaborate with foreign countries in environment-related technologies	Total patents			5	22.08	51.25	261.04	547.56	548.34	600.78	621.24	618.15	659.34	546.48
		Environment-related technologies			..	2	3.12	10.08	39.44	58.52	48.18	45.03	51.35	34.32	36.04
Development of renewable energy technologies	Inventions per unit of public RD&D	Environment-related technologies			..	0.6	..	..	2.02	1.52	0.73	1.99	1.4	1.6	2.75

Data extracted on 28 Jan 2022 20:07 UTC (GMT) from OECD.Stat

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