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Education and Training
Education at a Glance
Educational attainment and outcomes
Education and earnings
Relative earnings, by educational attainment
Differences in earnings between female and male workers, by educational attainment
Percentage of full-time, full-year earners, part-time earners and people with no earnings, by educational attainment
Level of earnings relative to median earnings, by educational attainment
Relative earnings of students with income from employment, by educational attainment
Percentage of 15-29 year-olds with income from employment among all 15-29 year-olds, by student status
Trends in relative earnings, by educational attainment
Trends in the differences in earnings between female and male workers, by educational attainment
Trends in the percentage of full-time, full-year earners, part-time earners and people with no earnings, by educational attainment
Education and labour market outcomes of native- and foreign-born adults
Percentage of native- and foreign-born adults, by age at arrival in the countries
Educational attainment of native- and foreign-born adults, by age at arrival in the country
Employment, unemployment and inactivity rate of native- and foreign-born adults, by educational attainment and age at arrival in the country
Percentage of native- and foreign-born young adults in education/not in education, by work status and age at arrival in the country
Differences in earnings between native- and foreign-born workers, by educational attainment and age at arrival in the country
Percentage of native- and foreign-born full-time, full-year earners, part-time earners and people with no earnings, by educational attainment and age at arrival in the country
Educational attainment and labour-force status
Educational attainment of 25-64 year-olds
Educational attainment of 25-64 year-olds, by programme orientation
Trends in educational attainment, by educational attainment and age group
Employment, unemployment and inactivity rate of 25-64 year-olds, by educational attainment
Employment, unemployment and inactivity rate of 25-64 year-olds, by programme orientation
Trends in employment, unemployment and inactivity rates, by educational attainment and age group
Employment, unemployment and inactivity rates, by field of study and age group
Fields of study among tertiary-educated adults, by age group
Educational attainment and duration of unemployment
Transition from school to work
Percentage of young adults in education/not in education, by work status, age group and gender
Percentage of young adults in education/not in education, by work status, age group and gender
Percentage of 15-29 year-olds in education/not in education, by educational attainment, work status and gender
Percentage of 15-29 year-olds in education/not in education, by educational attainment, work status and gender
Percentage of young adults in education/not in education, by number of hours worked and age group
Trends in the percentage of young adults in education/not in education, by work status, age group and gender
Trends in the percentage of young adults in education/not in education, by educational attainment, work status and gender
Trends in the percentage of young adults in education/not in education, employed or not, by age group and gender
Expected years in education and at work between the age of 15 and 29 years, by gender copy
Trends in the percentage of 15-29 year-olds in education/not in education, employed or not, by educational attainment and gender
Expected years in education and at work between the age of 15 and 29 years, by gender
Trends expected years in education and at work between the age of 15 and 29
Trends in expected years in education and at work between the age of 15 and 29 years
Duration of unemployment of young adults not in education
Adult education and learning
Participation in formal and/or non-formal education
Intensity of participation (number of hours)
Annual training costs
Enterprises providing training
Willingness to participate in formal and/or non-formal education
Barriers to participation
Education and social outcomes
Work-life balance
Bullying / personal safety
Health status
Social connections
Civic engagement and governance
Environment
Educational attainment and labour market outcomes by skills
Share of population by proficiency level and educational attainment
Earnings, by educational attainment and proficiency level (in USD)
Educational attainment and literacy scores, by occupation
Fields of education and labour market outcomes
Frequency of use of ICT at work, by educational attainment
Labour market status, by educational attainment and proficiency level
NEETs, by literacy proficiency level and mean score
Proficiency, use and need of ICT at work, by main industry
Intergenerational mobility in education
Educational attainment of adults, by age group, parents' educational attainment and gender
Tertiary attainment of adults, by age group and parents' educational attainment
Intergenerational mobility in education, by parents' educational attainment and immigrant status
Students, access to education and participation
Enrolment by gender, programme orientation and mode of study
Enrolment by gender, programme orientation and mode of study
Share of part-time students
Share of students by level completion and access to tertiary
Share of students by programme orientation
Share of VET students by ISCED level
Share of VET students in combined school- and work-based programmes
Enrolment rate by age
Enrolment rate by age
Enrolment rate by age group by gender
Number of graduates by age
Enrolment by age
Enrolment by field
Share of enrolment by type of institution
Enrolment by institution
International student mobility
Share of mobile by country of origin
Share of mobile by country of destination
Share of national students going abroad
Tertiary mobile enrolment, total number
Share of international, foreign and all students enrolled by field of education
Share of international or foreign students enrolled by field of education
Share of international or foreign doctorate students enrolled by field of education
Share of international or foreign students enrolled - all fields
Share of international or foreign students enrolled by field of education
Enrolment of international students by origin
Enrolment of international students by origin
Enrolment of international students by origin and gender
Enrolment of international students over time
Graduation rates and entry rates
First-time graduation rates
Entry rates
Graduation rates in tertiary education, by sex
Profile of graduates and new entrants
Share of graduates by gender
Average entry age
Graduation average age
Share of entrants by gender
Share of first-time graduates
Share of first-time new entrants
Share of graduates younger than typical age
Share of international graduates
Share of international new entrants
Share of new entrants younger than typical age
Distribution of graduates and entrants by Field
Share of graduates by field
Share of graduates by field and gender
Share of graduates by gender by field
Share of graduates by medical fields
Share of graduates by sciences fields
Share of mobile graduates by field
Share of new entrants by field
Share of new entrants by gender in fields of education
New entrants by field
Graduates by field
International graduates by origin
New entrants by age
Population data
Financial resources invested in education
Educational expenditure by Nature - EAG 2020
Educational expenditure by Source and destination - EAG 2020
Educational finance indicators - EAG 2020
C1.1: Total expenditure on educational institutions per full-time equivalent student
C1.2: Total expenditure on educational institutions per full-time equivalent student for core educational services, ancillary services and R&D
C1.3: Average annual growth in total expenditure on educational institutions per Full-Time Equivalent students (2012 to selected year)
C1.4: Total expenditure on educational institutions per full-time equivalent student relative to GDP per capita
C1.5: Total expenditure on educational institutions per full-time equivalent student, by type of institutions
C1.6: Public and Total expenditure on educational institutions per full-time equivalent student, by type of institutions
C2.1: Total expenditure on educational institutions as a percentage of GDP
C2.2: Total expenditure on educational institutions as a percentage of GDP, by source of funds
C2.3: Index of change in total expenditure on educational institutions as a percentage of GDP (2005, 2012, 2017)
C2.4: Index of change in public expenditure on educational institutions as a percentage of GDP (2005, 2012 and 2017)
C3.1: Relative share of Public, Private and International expenditure on educational institutions by final source of funds
C3.2: Relative share of Public, Private and International Expenditure on educational institutions, by initial source of funds and public-to-private transfers
C3.3: Trends in the share of public, private and international expenditure on educational institutions, final source of funds (2005, 2012, 2017)
C4.1: Total ublic expenditure on education as a percentage of Total Government Expenditure
C4.2: Distribution of sources of total public funds devoted to education by level of Government, initial
C4.2: Distribution of sources of total public funds devoted to education by level of Government, Final
C4.3: Index of change in total public expenditure on education as a percentage of total government expenditure (2005, 2012 and 2017)
C6.1: Share of Current and Capital Expenditure, by education level
C6.2: Current expenditure, by resource category (%)
C6.3: Share of current expenditure, by resource category and type of institution
C6.4: Average annual growth rate of current and R&D expenditure per full-time equivalent student, by type of institution (%) (2012-2017)
B2.4: Financing of early childhood education and care (ISCED 0) (2017)
old C1.3: Index of change in total expenditure on educational institutions per full-time equivalent student (2015=100)
old C1.6: Cumulative expenditure on educational institutions per full-time equivalent student between the age of 6 and 15
Enrolment data adjusted to the financial year - EAG 2020
Enrolment data adjusted to the financial year - EAG2020
Enrolment data adjusted to the financial year
Reference statistics for finance indicators - EAG 2020
Teachers and the learning environment
Class size - Raw data
Distribution of teachers by age and gender
Share of female teachers
Share of teachers by age range
Educational personnel by age
Educational personel by institution
Management educational personnel and teacher aides
Student-teacher ratio and average class size
Student-teacher ratio and average class size
Average class size
Average class size by type of institutions
Ratio of students to teaching staff by type of institutions
Instruction time in compulsory education
Instruction time in compulsory education
Instruction time per subject by level of education
Organisation of compulsory general education
Teachers' statutory salaries
Teachers' statutory salaries at different points in teachers' careers
Teachers' statutory salaries relative to wages of tertiary-educated workers
Comparison of teachers' statutory salaries
Trends in teachers’ salaries, based on level of qualifications, between 2000 and 2019
Starting/maximum teachers’ statutory salaries, based on minimum/maximum qualifications
Minimum/maximum school heads' statutory salaries, based on minimum qualifications
School heads' statutory salaries relative to earnings of tertiary-educated workers
Teachers' actual salaries
Average actual teachers' salaries, by age group and by gender
Teachers' actual salaries relative to earnings of tertiary-educated workers
Teachers' actual salaries relative to earnings of tertiary-educated workers, by age group and by gender
Trends in average actual teachers' salaries, in national currency
Average actual salaries of school heads, by age group and by gender
Annual average salaries (including bonuses and allowances) of school heads in public institutions, in equivalent USD converted using PPPs for private consumption
Teachers' teaching and working time
Organisation of teachers' working time
Organisation of school heads' working time
Actual average teaching hours in public institutions
Statutory teaching hours per school year in public institutions
Archive database (ISCED 1997 data: 2000-2012)
Educational personnel
Expenditure by funding source and transaction type
Expenditure by nature and resource category
Foreign / international students enrolled
Foreign / international students enrolled
International students enrolled/ latest year
Graduates by age
Graduates by field of education
New entrants by sex and age
Students aligned to finance and personnel data
Students enrolled by age
Students enrolled by type of institution
Total population by sex and age
The output of educational institutions and the impact of learning (Chapter A)
Financial and human resources invested in education
Access to education, participation and progression (Chapter C)
The learning environment and organisation of schools (Chapter D)
Subnational data
Total expenditure on educational institutions per full-time equivalent student
Average actual teachers' salaries, by age and gender
Teachers' statutory salaries at different points in teachers' careers
Organisation of teachers' working time
Teaching and Learning International Survey (TALIS)
TALIS Indicators
TALIS Indicators
Who the teachers are
Who the principals are
Teachers' practices
Principals' practices
Teachers' initial and induction training
Principals' formal training
Teachers' professional development
Principals' professional development
Teachers' self-efficacy
Teachers' engagement and motivation
School climate
Classroom management
ICT for teaching
Teaching in multicultural settings
Teaching students with special needs
Teachers' satisfaction with their jobs
Principals' satisfaction with their jobs
Teachers’ working conditions, mobility and risk of attrition
Autonomy, collegiality and collaboration
Teacher appraisal and feedback
Measuring Innovation in Education
Part 1 - Comparing innovation in education with other sectors
Part 1 - Comparing innovation in education with other sectors
Data by level of education
Part 2 - Innovation as change in classrooms and schools
Part 2 - Innovation as change in classrooms and schools
Indicators of innovation as change in classrooms
Indicators of innovation as change in schools
Composite indices of innovation in classrooms and schools
Economic Outlook
Gross domestic product (annual)
Gross domestic product (quarterly)
Composite Leading Indicators
Consumer price indices - inflation
Trade in Value Added (December 2018)
Health Status
Labour Market Statistics
Monthly Monetary and Financial Statistics (MEI)
Agricultural Outlook
Bilateral Trade by Industry and End-use (ISIC4)
Statistics from A to Z
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Educational attainment and labour-force status
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ISCED 2011 A education level [14 / 29]
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INDICATOR
Share of population by educational attainment
Reference year
Latest available year
Age
25-64 years
Gender
Total
Women
Men
Field
Total
ISCED 2011 A education level
Below upper secondary education
Below upper secondary education
Upper secondary or post-secondary non-tertiary education
Upper secondary or post-secondary non-tertiary education
Tertiary education
Tertiary education
Less than primary education
Primary education
Completion of intermediate lower secondary programmes
Lower secondary education
Completion of intermediate upper secondary programmes
Upper secondary education
Post-secondary non-tertiary education
Short-cycle tertiary education
Bachelor’s or equivalent education
Master’s or equivalent education
Doctoral or equivalent education
Measure
Value
SE
Value
SE
Value
SE
Value
SE
Value
SE
Value
SE
Value
SE
Value
SE
Value
SE
Value
SE
Value
SE
Value
SE
Value
SE
Value
SE
Country
Unit
Australia
Percentage, 2019
17.1
0.2
0.0
0.0
3.9
0.1
(
z
)
..
..
13.2
0.2
(
z
)
..
..
35.7
0.3
30.3
0.3
5.5
0.1
47.1
0.3
11.7
0.2
26.5
0.3
7.5
0.2
1.3
0.1
Austria
Percentage, 2019
14.4
0.1
(
x
)
..
..
(
w
)
1.1
0.0
(
z
)
..
..
13.3
0.1
(
z
)
..
..
51.8
0.2
49.2
0.2
2.6
0.1
33.8
0.2
15.5
0.1
4.3
0.1
12.8
0.1
1.2
0.0
Belgium
Percentage, 2019
21.3
0.1
2.5
0.1
4.6
0.1
(
z
)
..
..
14.2
0.1
(
z
)
..
..
38.0
0.2
36.5
0.2
1.5
0.0
40.7
0.2
0.5
0.0
22.1
0.1
17.4
0.1
0.7
0.0
Canada
Percentage, 2019
8.1
..
(
x
)
..
..
(
w
)
2.2
..
(
z
)
..
..
6.0
..
(
z
)
..
..
32.5
..
22.1
..
10.4
..
59.4
..
26.2
..
22.5
..
(
w
)
10.7
..
(
x
)
..
..
Chile
Percentage, 2017
32.6
0.1
7.0
0.1
4.9
0.1
(
z
)
..
..
20.6
0.1
(
z
)
..
..
42.3
0.1
42.3
0.1
(
z
)
..
..
25.2
0.1
8.7
0.1
14.7
0.1
(
w
)
1.7
0.0
(
x
)
..
..
Colombia
Percentage, 2019
43.3
0.1
(
x
)
..
..
(
x
)
..
..
(
z
)
..
..
(
w
)
38.3
0.1
5.0
0.0
32.9
0.1
(
w
)
32.9
0.1
(
x
)
..
..
23.8
0.1
(
x
)
..
..
(
w
)
23.8
0.1
(
x
)
..
..
(
x
)
..
..
Costa Rica
Percentage, 2019
57.3
0.4
11.4
0.3
26.9
0.4
8.3
0.2
8.1
0.2
2.7
0.1
17.6
0.3
17.4
0.3
0.3
0.0
25.1
0.4
5.9
0.2
16.3
0.3
2.7
0.1
0.1
0.0
Czech Republic
Percentage, 2019
6.2
0.1
0.2
0.0
0.0
0.0
(
z
)
..
..
6.0
0.1
(
z
)
..
..
69.5
0.1
(
w
)
69.5
0.1
(
x
)
..
..
24.2
0.1
0.1
0.0
6.4
0.1
17.1
0.1
0.7
0.0
Denmark
Percentage, 2019
18.4
0.2
(
x
)
..
..
(
w
)
2.2
0.1
(
z
)
..
..
16.2
0.2
(
z
)
..
..
41.2
0.2
40.9
0.2
0.3
0.0
40.4
0.2
4.9
0.1
20.4
0.2
13.8
0.2
1.4
0.1
Estonia
Percentage, 2019
9.9
0.2
0.3
0.0
0.3
0.0
(
z
)
..
..
9.3
0.2
(
z
)
..
..
48.7
0.4
39.1
0.4
9.5
0.2
41.4
0.4
6.3
0.2
13.3
0.3
21.1
0.3
0.7
0.1
Finland
Percentage, 2019
9.7
0.1
(
x
)
..
..
(
w
)
1.3
0.0
(
z
)
..
..
8.5
0.1
(
z
)
..
..
44.3
0.2
42.8
0.2
1.5
0.0
45.9
0.2
10.3
0.1
18.4
0.2
16.1
0.1
1.2
0.0
France
Percentage, 2019
19.6
0.1
1.6
0.0
4.7
0.0
(
z
)
..
..
13.2
0.1
(
z
)
..
..
42.5
0.1
42.4
0.1
0.1
0.0
37.9
0.1
14.6
0.1
10.6
0.1
11.8
0.1
0.9
0.0
Germany
Percentage, 2019
13.3
0.1
(
x
)
..
..
(
w
)
3.7
0.0
(
z
)
..
..
9.6
0.0
(
z
)
..
..
56.8
0.1
44.3
0.1
12.6
0.1
29.9
0.1
0.6
0.0
15.9
0.1
12.0
0.1
1.4
0.0
Greece
Percentage, 2019
26.0
0.1
0.7
0.0
12.4
0.1
0.3
0.0
9.8
0.1
2.8
0.0
42.1
0.1
32.4
0.1
9.7
0.1
31.9
0.1
1.7
0.0
22.6
0.1
6.7
0.1
0.8
0.0
Hungary
Percentage, 2019
15.0
0.1
(
m
)
..
..
0.4
0.0
0.8
0.0
13.9
0.1
(
z
)
..
..
59.0
0.2
51.4
0.2
7.6
0.1
26.0
0.1
1.3
0.0
13.1
0.1
10.9
0.1
0.6
0.0
Iceland
Percentage, 2019
21.5
0.4
(
x
)
..
..
(
w
)
0.3
0.1
(
z
)
..
..
21.2
0.4
(
z
)
..
..
33.5
0.5
26.4
0.5
7.1
0.3
45.0
0.5
2.2
0.2
23.6
0.5
17.9
0.4
1.4
0.1
Ireland
Percentage, 2019
16.3
0.1
0.2
0.0
5.1
0.1
(
z
)
..
..
11.0
0.1
(
z
)
..
..
36.4
0.2
21.4
0.2
14.9
0.1
47.3
0.2
6.7
0.1
27.6
0.2
11.6
0.1
1.4
0.0
Israel
Percentage, 2019
12.9
0.1
2.6
0.0
3.7
0.0
(
z
)
..
..
6.6
0.1
(
z
)
..
..
36.8
0.1
36.8
0.1
(
z
)
..
..
50.2
0.1
12.6
0.1
23.7
0.1
12.7
0.1
1.3
0.0
Italy
Percentage, 2019
37.8
0.1
1.0
0.0
4.3
0.0
(
z
)
..
..
32.5
0.1
(
z
)
..
..
42.5
0.1
41.7
0.1
0.8
0.0
19.6
0.1
0.0
0.0
4.7
0.0
14.4
0.1
0.5
0.0
Japan
Percentage, 2019
(
m
)
..
..
(
x
)
..
..
(
x
)
..
..
(
z
)
..
..
(
x
)
..
..
(
z
)
..
..
(
m
)
..
..
(
w
)
47.3
..
(
x
)
..
..
(
w
)
52.7
..
(
w
)
21.4
..
(
w
)
31.3
..
(
x
)
..
..
(
x
)
..
..
Korea
Percentage, 2019
11.3
..
(
m
)
..
..
4.0
..
(
z
)
..
..
7.3
..
(
z
)
..
..
38.7
..
38.7
..
(
z
)
..
..
50.0
..
13.9
..
31.5
..
(
w
)
4.6
..
(
x
)
..
..
Latvia
Percentage, 2019
11.6
0.2
0.2
0.0
0.4
0.0
(
z
)
..
..
8.2
0.2
2.7
0.1
52.7
0.4
39.4
0.3
13.3
0.2
35.7
0.3
3.5
0.1
15.7
0.3
16.1
0.3
0.4
0.0
Lithuania
Percentage, 2019
6.7
0.1
0.3
0.0
0.3
0.0
0.0
0.0
4.3
0.1
1.7
0.1
50.1
0.3
31.6
0.3
18.5
0.2
43.1
0.3
(
z
)
..
..
27.7
0.2
14.7
0.2
0.7
0.0
Luxembourg
Percentage, 2019
24.9
0.6
(
c
)
..
..
7.4
0.4
(
z
)
..
..
17.1
0.5
(
z
)
..
..
23.5
0.6
21.0
0.6
2.5
0.2
51.6
0.7
5.1
0.3
17.0
0.5
27.6
0.6
2.0
0.2
Mexico
Percentage, 2019
60.2
0.1
11.1
0.1
16.1
0.1
2.1
0.0
27.2
0.1
3.6
0.0
21.5
0.1
21.5
0.1
(
z
)
..
..
18.3
0.1
0.5
0.0
16.1
0.1
1.6
0.0
0.1
0.0
Netherlands
Percentage, 2019
20.4
0.1
1.4
0.0
4.8
0.0
(
z
)
..
..
14.3
0.1
(
z
)
..
..
39.2
0.1
38.8
0.1
0.3
0.0
40.4
0.1
2.1
0.0
23.5
0.1
13.9
0.1
0.8
0.0
New Zealand
Percentage, 2019
19.3
0.3
(
x
)
..
..
(
x
)
..
..
(
z
)
..
..
(
w
)
19.3
0.3
(
z
)
..
..
41.6
0.3
27.6
0.3
14.1
0.2
39.1
0.3
3.8
0.1
28.8
0.3
5.3
0.2
1.2
0.1
Norway
Percentage, 2019
17.5
0.2
0.2
0.0
0.5
0.0
(
z
)
..
..
16.8
0.2
(
z
)
..
..
38.4
0.2
36.9
0.2
1.5
0.1
44.1
0.2
11.1
0.1
19.7
0.2
12.0
0.1
1.2
0.0
Poland
Percentage, 2019
7.4
0.1
0.3
0.0
6.2
0.1
(
z
)
..
..
0.9
0.0
(
z
)
..
..
60.6
0.1
57.5
0.1
3.1
0.0
32.0
0.1
0.1
0.0
7.1
0.1
24.2
0.1
0.6
0.0
Portugal
Percentage, 2019
47.8
0.2
1.9
0.1
25.6
0.2
(
z
)
..
..
20.3
0.1
(
z
)
..
..
25.9
0.2
25.0
0.2
0.9
0.0
26.3
0.2
(
c
)
..
..
7.0
0.1
18.3
0.1
0.9
0.0
Slovak Republic
Percentage, 2019
8.8
0.3
0.3
0.0
0.7
0.1
0.4
0.1
7.3
0.2
0.2
0.0
65.4
0.4
63.2
0.4
2.2
0.1
25.8
0.4
0.2
0.0
3.2
0.2
21.6
0.4
0.9
0.1
Slovenia
Percentage, 2019
11.2
..
0.2
..
0.5
..
(
z
)
..
..
10.4
..
(
z
)
..
..
55.5
..
55.5
..
(
z
)
..
..
33.3
..
6.9
..
6.7
..
15.2
..
4.5
..
Spain
Percentage, 2019
38.7
0.1
2.4
0.0
6.6
0.0
(
z
)
..
..
29.7
0.1
(
z
)
..
..
22.7
0.1
22.6
0.1
0.1
0.0
38.6
0.1
11.7
0.1
10.6
0.1
15.5
0.1
0.8
0.0
Sweden
Percentage, 2019
16.4
0.1
(
x
)
..
..
(
w
)
2.6
0.1
(
z
)
..
..
11.3
0.1
2.5
0.1
39.7
0.2
32.3
0.2
7.4
0.1
44.0
0.2
10.0
0.1
17.9
0.1
14.4
0.1
1.6
0.0
Switzerland
Percentage, 2019
11.0
0.1
0.4
0.0
1.8
0.0
(
z
)
..
..
8.7
0.1
(
z
)
..
..
44.6
0.2
(
w
)
44.6
0.2
(
x
)
..
..
44.4
0.2
(
x
)
..
..
(
w
)
22.0
0.1
(
w
)
19.2
0.1
(
w
)
3.2
0.1
Turkey
Percentage, 2019
58.3
..
5.2
..
37.9
..
(
z
)
..
..
15.2
..
(
z
)
..
..
19.7
..
19.7
..
(
z
)
..
..
22.0
..
6.1
..
13.4
..
2.0
..
0.4
..
United Kingdom
Percentage, 2019
19.9
0.2
0.0
0.0
0.2
0.0
(
z
)
..
..
19.7
0.2
12.4
0.2
32.9
0.2
20.5
0.2
(
z
)
..
..
47.2
0.2
9.9
0.1
23.6
0.2
12.3
0.2
1.3
0.1
United States
Percentage, 2019
9.2
0.1
0.8
0.0
2.5
0.1
(
z
)
..
..
5.9
0.1
(
z
)
..
..
42.5
0.2
(
w
)
42.5
0.2
(
x
)
..
..
48.3
0.2
10.7
0.1
24.1
0.1
11.6
0.1
1.9
0.0
OECD - Average
21.7
..
2.1
..
5.7
..
(
m
)
..
(
m
)
..
13.9
..
(
m
)
..
(
m
)
..
41.1
..
37.0
..
5.7
..
37.7
..
7.3
..
17.8
..
13.0
..
1.2
..
G20
34.5
(
m
)
..
8.9
(
m
)
..
11.7
(
m
)
..
(
m
)
..
(
m
)
..
15.5
(
m
)
..
(
m
)
..
(
m
)
..
34.7
(
m
)
..
31.4
(
m
)
..
(
m
)
..
(
m
)
..
31.9
(
m
)
..
9.2
(
m
)
..
16.4
(
m
)
..
7.1
(
m
)
..
(
m
)
..
(
m
)
..
Non-OECD Economies
Argentina
Percentage, 2018
36.4
0.3
4.5
0.1
17.1
0.2
6.9
0.2
4.7
0.1
3.1
0.1
28.0
0.3
28.0
0.3
(
z
)
..
..
35.7
0.3
13.9
0.2
20.3
0.2
1.4
0.1
(
m
)
..
..
Brazil
Percentage, 2018
47.0
0.1
13.7
0.1
19.7
0.1
(
z
)
..
..
13.6
0.1
(
z
)
..
..
34.6
0.1
34.6
0.1
(
z
)
..
..
18.4
0.1
(
x
)
..
..
(
w
)
17.4
0.1
0.8
0.0
0.2
0.0
China (People's Republic of)
Percentage, 2010
75.5
..
3.3
..
24.9
..
(
z
)
..
..
47.3
..
(
z
)
..
..
14.8
..
(
w
)
14.8
..
(
x
)
..
..
9.7
..
5.8
..
3.5
..
(
w
)
0.4
..
(
x
)
..
..
India
Percentage, 2011
71.3
..
45.7
..
14.2
..
(
z
)
..
..
11.4
..
(
z
)
..
..
18.1
..
18.0
..
0.1
..
10.6
..
0.8
..
(
w
)
9.8
..
(
x
)
..
..
(
x
)
..
..
Indonesia
Percentage, 2017
62.1
..
16.8
..
27.3
..
(
z
)
..
..
18.0
..
(
z
)
..
..
26.0
..
26.0
..
0.0
0.0
11.9
..
2.8
..
8.2
..
0.8
..
0.0
..
Russia
Percentage, 2018
4.8
0.1
(
x
)
..
..
(
w
)
0.6
0.0
(
z
)
..
..
4.2
0.1
(
z
)
..
..
38.5
0.2
18.6
0.2
19.8
0.2
56.7
0.2
25.1
0.2
2.6
0.1
28.4
0.2
0.6
0.0
Saudi Arabia
Percentage, 2016
43.5
..
11.6
..
13.7
..
(
z
)
..
..
18.2
..
(
z
)
..
..
32.9
..
27.0
..
5.9
..
23.6
..
0.2
..
(
w
)
23.6
..
0.1
..
(
x
)
..
..
South Africa
Percentage, 2018
25.8
0.2
(
x
)
..
..
(
w
)
13.9
0.2
(
z
)
..
..
11.9
0.2
(
z
)
..
..
67.0
0.2
58.8
0.2
8.1
0.1
7.2
0.1
1.0
0.0
5.3
0.1
(
w
)
0.9
0.0
(
x
)
..
..
Legend:
c
Data below the publication limit
m
Missing data
w
Includes data from another category
x
Data included in another category
z
Not applicable
Data extracted on 27 Jul 2021 13:46 UTC (GMT) from
OECD.Stat
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