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Education and Training
Education at a Glance
Educational attainment and outcomes
Adult education and learning
Adult education and learning
Participation in non-formal education and training - 4-week reference period
Participation in formal and/or non-formal education and training - 12-month reference period
Enrolment rate in formal education
Intensity of participation (number of hours)
Annual training costs
Willingness to participate in formal and/or non-formal education
Barriers to participation in adult learning
Distribution of fields of study selected among non-formal education participants
Percentage of employed adults participating in adult education and training
Enterprises providing training
Distribution of unemployed adults by duration of unemployment and educational attainment
Education and labour market outcomes by field of study
Fields of study among tertiary-educated adults, by age group
Employment, unemployment and inactivity rates, by field of study
Percentage of young adults not in education and unemployed by duration of unemployment
Education and earnings
Relative earnings, by educational attainment
Differences in earnings between female and male workers, by educational attainment
Level of earnings relative to median earnings, by educational attainment
Percentage of 15-29 year-olds with income from employment among all 15-29 year-olds, by student status
Percentage of full-time, full-year earners, part-time earners and people with no earnings, by educational attainment
Relative earnings of students with income from employment, by educational attainment
Trends in relative earnings, by educational attainment
Trends in the differences in earnings between female and male workers, by educational attainment
Trends in the percentage of full-time, full-year earners, part-time earners and people with no earnings, by educational attainment
Earnings by field of study
Education and labour market outcomes of native- and foreign-born adults
Percentage of native- and foreign-born adults, by age at arrival in the countries
Differences in earnings between native- and foreign-born workers, by educational attainment and age at arrival in the country
Educational attainment of native- and foreign-born adults, by age at arrival in the country
Employment, unemployment and inactivity rate of native- and foreign-born adults, by educational attainment and age at arrival in the country
Percentage of native- and foreign-born full-time, full-year earners, part-time earners and people with no earnings, by educational attainment and age at arrival in the country
Percentage of native- and foreign-born young adults in education/not in education, by work status and age at arrival in the country
Educational attainment and labour-force status
Educational attainment of 25-64 year-olds
Educational attainment of 25-64 year-olds, by programme orientation
Employment, unemployment and inactivity rate of 25-64 year-olds, by educational attainment
Employment, unemployment and inactivity rate of 25-64 year-olds, by programme orientation
Trends in educational attainment, by educational attainment and age group
Trends in employment, unemployment and inactivity rates, by educational attainment and age group
Transition from school to work
Percentage of young adults in education/not in education, by work status, age group and gender
Percentage of 15-29 year-olds in education/not in education, by educational attainment, work status and gender
Trends in the percentage of young adults in education/not in education, by educational attainment, work status and gender
Trends in the percentage of young adults in education/not in education, by work status, age group and gender
Educational attainment and labour market outcomes by skills
Share of population by proficiency level and educational attainment
Earnings, by educational attainment and proficiency level (in USD)
Educational attainment and literacy scores, by occupation
Fields of education and labour market outcomes
Frequency of use of ICT at work, by educational attainment
Labour market status, by educational attainment and proficiency level
NEETs, by literacy proficiency level and mean score
Proficiency, use and need of ICT at work, by main industry
Intergenerational mobility in education
Educational attainment of adults, by age group, parents' educational attainment and gender
Tertiary attainment of adults, by age group and parents' educational attainment
Intergenerational mobility in education, by parents' educational attainment and immigrant status
Education and social outcomes
Percentage of adults working from home, by age group and educational attainment
Internet use, by age group and educational attainment
Trends in the use of the Internet for different activities among 55-74 year-olds, by educational attainment
Students’ attitudes and dispositions, by mother's educational attainment
Health status
Social connections
Civic engagement and governance
Environment
Work-life balance
Students, access to education and participation
Distribution of graduates and new entrants by field
Share of new entrants for each field of education by gender
Share of tertiary graduates by field of education and gender
Distribution of graduates and new entrants by field
Distribution of new entrants by field of education at each ISCED level
Distribution of new entrants by field of education at each ISCED level
Distribution of new entrants into each field of education and ISCED level by gender
Share of graduates by field
Share of graduates by field
Share of graduates by gender in fields of education
Share of graduates by gender in fields of education
Share of mobile graduates by field
Enrolment by age
Enrolment by age
Enrolment by age group
Enrolment by field
Enrolment by gender, programme orientation, mode of study and type of institution
Enrolment by gender, programme orientation, mode of study and type of institution
Distribution of full- and part-time students
Distribution of students by programme completion and access to tertiary education
Repeaters
Share of part-time students, by age
Share of students above typical age
Share of vocational students in combined school- and work-based programmes
Share of vocational students in combined school- and work-based programmes among
Students' distribution by type of institution
Enrolment by type of institution
Enrolment of international students by country of origin
International students by country of origin
International student matrix by country of origin and country of destination
Enrolment rates by age
Enrolment rates by age group
Early childhood education and care enrolment
Enrolment rate by age
Graduates by age
Graduates by field
Graduates by type of institution
Graduation and entry rates
International graduates by country of origin
International student mobility
Distribution of mobile students by country of origin
Mobile student matrix by country of origin
Mobile student matrix by country of destination
Other indicators of international student mobility
Share of mobile students from neighbouring countries
New entrants by age
New entrants by field
Population data
Profile of graduates and new entrants
Share of mobile entrants
Share of first time entrants below typical age
Share of first time graduates
Share of first-time tertiary new entrants by level of education
Share of graduates below typical age
Share of graduates by gender
Share of graduates by programme orientation
Share of mobile graduates
Share of new entrants by gender
Share of first time among tertiary entrants
Share of graduates by gender
Share of graduates by ISCED category
Share of new entrants below the typical age
Share of new entrants by gender
Share of first time among tertiary graduates
Share of international new entrants
Share of international students and all students by field
Share of international students and all students by field
Distribution of all students by field
Distribution of international students by field
Distribution of national students by field
Share of international students among all students
Share of women among international students
Share of international students among all students
Financial resources invested in education
Educational expenditure by Nature
Educational expenditure by Nature
Educational expenditure by Nature - EAG 2020
Educational expenditure by Source and destination
Educational expenditure by Source and destination
Educational expenditure by Source and destination - EAG 2020
Educational Finance Indicators
C1.1: Total expenditure on educational institutions per full-time equivalent student
C1.2: Public and total expenditure on educational institutions per full-time equivalent student, by type of institution
C1.3: Average annual growth in total expenditure on educational institutions per full-time equivalent student (2012 to selected year)
C1.4: Total expenditure on educational institutions per full-time equivalent student for core educational services, ancillary services and R&D
C1.5: Total expenditure on educational institutions per full-time equivalent student relative to GDP per capita
C1.6: Total expenditure on educational institutions per full-time equivalent student, by source of funds
C1.7: Cumulative expenditure on educational institutions per full-time equivalent student between the age of 6 and 15
C2.1: Total expenditure on educational institutions as a percentage of GDP
C2.2: Change in total expenditure on educational institutions and change in GDP (2008, 2009, 2011 and 2019)
C2.3a: Total expenditure on educational institutions as a percentage of GDP, by source of INITIAL funds
C2.3b: Total expenditure on educational institutions as a percentage of GDP, by source of FINAL funds
C2.4: Change in public expenditure on educational institutions and change in GDP (2008, 2009, 2011 and 2019)
C3.1: Relative share of public, private and international expenditure on educational institutions, by final source of funds
C3.2: Relative share of public, private and international expenditure on educational institutions, by initial source of funds and public-to-private transfers
C3.3: Trends in the share of public, private and international expenditure on educational institutions, final source of funds (2011, 2015 and 2019)
C4.1: Total public expenditure on education as a percentage of Total Government Expenditure
C4.2: Distribution of sources of total public funds devoted to education by level of government, initial and final
C4.3: Index of change in total public expenditure on education as a percentage of total government expenditure (2012 and 2019)
C6.1: Share of Current and Capital Expenditure, by education level
C6.2: Current expenditure, by resource category (%)
C6.3: Share of current expenditure, by resource category and type of institution
C6.4: Allocation of staff compensation, Capital and R&D expenditure between public and private educational institutions
C6.5: Average annual growth rate of current and R&D expenditure per full-time equivalent student, by type of institution (%) (2012-2019)
Enrolment data adjusted to the financial year
Reference Statistics for Finance Indicators
GDP
Adjusted GDP
GDP per capita - current prices
GDP - Constant prices (2015)
GDP per capita - current prices and current PPP
Total Government Expenditure
Total Government Expenditure as a share of GDP
Total Government Expenditure - Constant prices (2015)
Deflator
PPP conversion factor (US Dollar)
Population (000)
Teachers and the learning environment
Distribution of teachers by age and gender
Distribution of teachers by age and gender
Distribution of teachers by age and gender -ECEC
Age distribution of teachers
Gender distribution of teachers
Educational personnel by age
Educational personnel by type of institution, management personnel and teacher aides
Student-teacher ratio and average class size
Student-teacher ratio and average class size
Student-teacher ratio and average class size - ECEC
Students' instruction time in compulsory education
Instruction time in compulsory general education
Organisation of compulsory general education
Instruction time per subject by level of education
Instruction time per subject by age
Trends in instruction time in compulsory primary and lower secondary general education
Trends in organisation of compulsory primary and lower secondary general education
Teachers' and school heads' statutory salaries
Teachers' statutory salaries at different points in teachers' careers
Comparison of teachers' statutory salaries
Teachers' statutory salaries relative to wages of tertiary-educated workers
Trends in teachers’ salaries, based on level of qualifications, between 2000 and 2020
School heads' statutory salaries
School heads' statutory salaries relative to wages of tertiary-educated workers
Teachers' and school heads' actual salaries
Teachers' actual salaries, by age group and by gender
Trends in teachers’ actual salaries, between 2000 and 2020
School heads' actual salaries, by age group and gender
Teachers' and school heads' actual salaries relative to earnings of tertiary-educated workers
Teachers' and school heads' actual salaries relative to earnings of tertiary-educated workers, by age group and by gender
Teachers' and school heads' teaching and working time
Teachers' teaching and working time
Trends in teachers' statutory annual teaching time
Teachers' actual teaching time
School heads' working time
Archive database (ISCED 1997 data: 2000-2012)
Educational personnel
Expenditure by funding source and transaction type
Expenditure by nature and resource category
Foreign / international students enrolled
Foreign / international students enrolled
International students enrolled/ latest year
Graduates by age
Graduates by field of education
New entrants by sex and age
Students aligned to finance and personnel data
Students enrolled by age
Students enrolled by type of institution
Total population by sex and age
The output of educational institutions and the impact of learning (Chapter A)
Financial and human resources invested in education
Access to education, participation and progression (Chapter C)
The learning environment and organisation of schools (Chapter D)
Subnational data
Financial resources invested in education at sub-national level
Instruction time in compulsory education
Instruction time in compulsory general education (subnational data)
Organisation of compulsory general education (subnational data)
Average actual salaries of teachers and school heads (subnational data)
Statutory salaries of teachers (subnational data)
Teachers' teaching and working time (subnational data)
Regional Education
Educational attainment of the population, by age group
Employment rate, by level of educational attainment and age group
Participation in formal and/or non-formal education and learning
Enrolment rate by age
Early leavers from education and NEET
Teaching and Learning International Survey (TALIS)
TALIS Indicators
TALIS Indicators
Who the teachers are
Who the principals are
Teachers' practices
Principals' practices
Teachers' initial and induction training
Principals' formal training
Teachers' professional development
Principals' professional development
Teachers' self-efficacy
Teachers' engagement and motivation
School climate
Classroom management
ICT for teaching
Teaching in multicultural settings
Teaching students with special needs
Teachers' satisfaction with their jobs
Principals' satisfaction with their jobs
Teachers’ working conditions, mobility and risk of attrition
Autonomy, collegiality and collaboration
Teacher appraisal and feedback
Measuring Innovation in Education
Part 1 - Comparing innovation in education with other sectors
Part 1 - Comparing innovation in education with other sectors
Data by level of education
Part 2 - Innovation as change in classrooms and schools
Part 2 - Innovation as change in classrooms and schools
Indicators of innovation as change in classrooms
Indicators of innovation as change in schools
Composite indices of innovation in classrooms and schools
TiVA 2021: Principal Indicators
Economic Outlook
Gross domestic product (annual)
Gross domestic product (quarterly)
Composite Leading Indicators
Consumer price indices - inflation
Health Status
Labour Market Statistics
Monthly Monetary and Financial Statistics (MEI)
Agricultural Outlook
Bilateral Trade by Industry and End-use (ISIC4)
Statistics from A to Z
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Education and earnings
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Indicator
Relative earnings - upper secondary education = 100
Relative earnings - upper secondary post-secondary non-tertiary education = 100
Relative earnings - ISCED 3 = 100 or ISCED 3+4 =100 if data for ISCED 3 not available
Year
Latest available year
Gender
Total
Women
Men
EARN_CATEGORY
All earners
Full-time, full-year earners
Measure
Value
Age
25-64 years
25-34 years
55-64 years
ISC11A
Below upper secondary education
Post-secondary non-tertiary education
Tertiary education
Short-cycle tertiary education
Bachelor’s or equivalent education
Bachelor's, Master’s, Doctoral or equivalent education
Master’s, Doctoral or equivalent education
Upper secondary, post-secondary non-tertiary education and short-cycle tertiary education
Below upper secondary education
Post-secondary non-tertiary education
Tertiary education
Short-cycle tertiary education
Bachelor’s or equivalent education
Bachelor's, Master’s, Doctoral or equivalent education
Master’s, Doctoral or equivalent education
Upper secondary, post-secondary non-tertiary education and short-cycle tertiary education
Below upper secondary education
Post-secondary non-tertiary education
Tertiary education
Short-cycle tertiary education
Bachelor’s or equivalent education
Bachelor's, Master’s, Doctoral or equivalent education
Master’s, Doctoral or equivalent education
Upper secondary, post-secondary non-tertiary education and short-cycle tertiary education
Country
Unit
Australia
Percentage, 2020
86
108
134
112
136
141
154
..
92
106
122
100
127
127
126
..
90
116
150
117
144
163
213
..
Austria
Percentage, 2020
69
109
146
132
94
157
177
..
70
110
123
119
97
126
147
..
66
118
181
152
119
214
224
..
Belgium
Percentage, 2019
79
(
r
)
113
152
(
c
)
..
135
152
175
..
80
(
c
)
..
134
(
c
)
..
118
134
150
..
68
(
c
)
..
167
(
c
)
..
144
167
203
..
Canada
Percentage, 2019
85
129
143
120
151
160
179
112
85
145
136
119
144
146
151
111
86
119
144
117
164
173
190
108
Chile
Percentage, 2017
70
(
z
)
..
238
140
263
286
470
106
76
(
z
)
..
191
124
209
220
371
105
66
(
z
)
..
270
147
308
339
537
103
Colombia
Percentage, 2020
68
(
m
)
..
250
(
m
)
..
(
m
)
..
(
m
)
..
(
m
)
..
..
70
(
m
)
..
200
(
m
)
..
(
m
)
..
(
m
)
..
(
m
)
..
..
61
(
m
)
..
325
(
m
)
..
(
m
)
..
(
m
)
..
(
m
)
..
..
Costa Rica
Percentage, 2020
69
(
c
)
..
212
122
213
234
340
..
71
(
c
)
..
179
129
188
196
(
c
)
..
..
64
(
c
)
..
245
(
c
)
..
242
274
(
c
)
..
..
Czech Republic
Percentage, 2020
71
(
m
)
..
158
118
130
158
168
100
75
(
m
)
..
134
118
121
134
141
100
70
(
m
)
..
168
121
137
168
171
100
Denmark
Percentage, 2020
77
141
128
116
111
130
160
..
75
(
c
)
..
119
112
105
120
144
..
81
121
138
113
121
143
189
..
Estonia
Percentage, 2020
93
90
127
85
128
134
138
..
92
92
122
(
m
)
..
114
122
134
..
86
93
131
102
151
144
144
..
Finland
Percentage, 2019
92
129
148
130
126
153
183
106
90
134
128
91
115
128
152
100
92
123
162
128
154
192
216
107
France
Percentage, 2018
84
(
m
)
..
157
128
149
176
198
108
93
(
m
)
..
149
130
136
157
168
110
72
(
m
)
..
170
123
166
203
239
105
Germany
Percentage, 2020
72
117
165
144
165
170
176
..
77
114
128
143
122
126
130
..
75
115
187
147
195
198
202
..
Hungary
Percentage, 2020
72
123
180
120
166
186
210
..
76
117
156
118
148
159
170
..
67
127
192
115
170
199
237
..
Ireland
Percentage, 2019
85
109
178
124
175
192
224
..
(
c
)
..
136
183
132
181
193
215
..
73
98
176
107
178
202
241
..
Israel
Percentage, 2019
79
(
z
)
..
161
115
150
176
216
..
83
(
z
)
..
137
111
138
144
162
..
75
(
z
)
..
159
120
141
177
215
..
Italy
Percentage, 2018
78
(
m
)
..
138
(
x
)
..
(
x
)
..
(
x
)
..
(
x
)
..
..
82
(
m
)
..
113
(
x
)
..
(
x
)
..
(
x
)
..
(
x
)
..
..
74
(
m
)
..
175
(
x
)
..
(
x
)
..
(
x
)
..
(
x
)
..
..
Korea
Percentage, 2020
75
(
z
)
..
139
113
143
149
188
..
84
(
z
)
..
122
110
125
128
160
..
76
(
z
)
..
169
127
170
179
215
..
Latvia
Percentage, 2020
93
97
146
127
142
148
153
..
96
115
147
132
143
150
164
..
81
97
136
(
r
)
117
122
137
139
..
Lithuania
Percentage, 2018
86
109
175
(
z
)
..
165
175
185
108
89
108
158
(
z
)
..
155
158
164
101
77
109
172
(
z
)
..
142
172
180
112
Luxembourg
Percentage, 2020
82
111
167
147
156
169
176
..
82
(
c
)
..
146
(
r
)
180
144
144
143
..
63
(
c
)
..
203
(
c
)
..
236
212
202
..
Mexico
Percentage, 2018
75
(
z
)
..
163
120
158
165
295
..
84
(
z
)
..
146
115
146
147
194
..
65
(
z
)
..
189
153
175
190
380
..
Netherlands
Percentage, 2020
83
120
155
139
135
156
193
103
86
125
135
135
122
135
157
102
76
106
166
126
146
170
216
102
New Zealand
Percentage, 2020
89
99
133
119
127
134
164
..
86
100
122
113
122
122
122
..
85
99
139
118
131
143
181
..
Norway
Percentage, 2020
75
99
127
116
114
130
154
..
71
101
108
87
104
114
129
..
81
106
146
139
124
148
189
..
Poland
Percentage, 2020
86
101
154
(
m
)
..
139
154
159
..
89
96
134
(
m
)
..
127
134
137
..
83
106
169
(
m
)
..
152
169
172
..
Portugal
Percentage, 2020
80
113
170
102
(
m
)
..
170
(
x
)
..
..
87
117
153
115
(
m
)
..
153
(
x
)
..
..
63
98
206
(
c
)
..
(
m
)
..
206
(
x
)
..
..
Slovak Republic
Percentage, 2020
71
(
m
)
..
158
122
123
159
163
..
75
(
m
)
..
131
102
114
132
135
..
73
(
m
)
..
171
127
134
173
176
..
Slovenia
Percentage, 2020
(
m
)
..
(
z
)
..
(
m
)
..
(
m
)
..
(
m
)
..
(
m
)
..
(
m
)
..
..
(
m
)
..
(
z
)
..
(
m
)
..
(
m
)
..
(
m
)
..
(
m
)
..
(
m
)
..
..
(
m
)
..
(
z
)
..
(
m
)
..
(
m
)
..
(
m
)
..
(
m
)
..
(
m
)
..
..
Spain
Percentage, 2019
76
(
r
)
124
145
108
135
160
174
100
86
(
c
)
..
128
102
123
139
147
101
70
(
c
)
..
169
126
139
185
208
100
Sweden
Percentage, 2020
78
109
126
104
115
132
152
..
80
79
108
93
100
112
133
..
86
140
146
115
143
160
175
..
Switzerland
Percentage, 2020
80
(
m
)
..
151
(
x
)
..
(
w
)
135
151
(
w
)
167
..
79
(
m
)
..
133
(
x
)
..
(
w
)
126
133
(
w
)
142
..
75
(
m
)
..
166
(
x
)
..
(
w
)
147
166
(
w
)
186
..
Türkiye
Percentage, 2020
76
(
z
)
..
160
(
x
)
..
(
x
)
..
(
m
)
..
(
x
)
..
..
84
(
z
)
..
143
(
x
)
..
(
x
)
..
(
m
)
..
(
x
)
..
..
59
(
z
)
..
173
(
x
)
..
(
x
)
..
(
m
)
..
(
x
)
..
..
United Kingdom
Percentage, 2020
70
(
z
)
..
151
122
147
158
177
..
66
(
z
)
..
157
112
152
163
184
..
66
(
z
)
..
141
123
144
148
156
..
United States
Percentage, 2020
70
(
m
)
..
181
114
173
198
241
..
77
(
m
)
..
168
112
167
182
215
..
68
(
m
)
..
177
115
169
196
237
..
OECD - Average
79
(
m
)
..
159
123
146
164
196
(
m
)
..
82
(
m
)
..
140
118
134
144
162
(
m
)
..
74
(
m
)
..
176
125
160
184
215
(
m
)
..
European Union 22 members in OECD
80
113
153
126
138
159
176
(
m
)
..
83
(
m
)
..
136
122
126
139
153
(
m
)
..
75
111
169
123
153
179
197
(
m
)
..
G20
(
m
)
..
(
m
)
..
(
m
)
..
(
m
)
..
(
m
)
..
(
m
)
..
(
m
)
..
(
m
)
..
(
m
)
..
(
m
)
..
(
m
)
..
(
m
)
..
(
m
)
..
(
m
)
..
(
m
)
..
(
m
)
..
(
m
)
..
(
m
)
..
(
m
)
..
(
m
)
..
(
m
)
..
(
m
)
..
(
m
)
..
(
m
)
..
Brazil
Percentage, 2020
67
(
x
)
..
265
(
x
)
..
(
m
)
..
(
m
)
..
(
m
)
..
100
69
(
x
)
..
231
(
x
)
..
(
m
)
..
(
m
)
..
(
m
)
..
100
53
(
x
)
..
280
(
x
)
..
(
m
)
..
(
m
)
..
(
m
)
..
100
Legend:
c
Data below the publication limit
m
Missing data
r
Data below a reliability threshold
w
Includes data from another category
x
Data included in another category
z
Not applicable
Data extracted on 06 Oct 2022 03:03 UTC (GMT) from
OECD.Stat
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