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Main Science and Technology Indicators : GERD as a percentage of GDP: 1981-Latest Available

MSTI VariablesInformation on item
UnitPercentage
Year198119821983198419851986198719881989199019911992199319941995199619971998199920002001200220032004200520062007200820092010201120122013201420152016201720182019202020212022
Country
AustraliaInformation on item0.90....1.02..1.181.141.16..1.26..1.46..1.51..1.58..1.44..1.47..1.65..1.73..2.00..2.24..
(e) 2.18
(e) 2.11
..
(e) 2.09
..
(e) 1.88
..
(e) 1.79
..
(e) 1.80
......
AustriaInformation on item1.09
(e) 1.14
(e) 1.14
(e) 1.19
1.20
(e) 1.24
(e) 1.24
(e) 1.28
1.30
(e) 1.35
(e) 1.43
(e) 1.41
1.43
(e) 1.51
(e) 1.53
(e) 1.58
(e) 1.65
1.73
(e) 1.85
(e) 1.89
(e) 1.99
2.07
(e) 2.17
2.17
(e) 2.37
2.362.42
(e) 2.57
2.60
(e) 2.73
2.67
(e) 2.91
2.95
(e) 3.08
3.05
(e) 3.12
3.06
(e) 3.09
3.13
(e) 3.20
3.26..
BelgiumInformation on item....1.501.511.561.56
(e) 1.57
(e) 1.53
(be) 1.58
..
(e) 1.56
..
(b) 1.64
1.631.651.741.811.841.911.942.031.901.841.821.791.821.851.942.002.062.172.282.332.372.432.522.672.863.163.403.43..
CanadaInformation on item1.201.341.311.341.381.421.37
(b) 1.35
1.421.481.531.581.631.681.651.611.611.711.751.862.021.971.972.001.971.941.901.861.921.831.79
(b) 1.77
1.71
(b) 1.71
1.691.731.691.741.761.89
(p) 1.70
(p) 1.55
ChileInformation on item....................................................0.310.37
(b) 0.35
0.330.350.360.39
(b) 0.38
0.38
(b) 0.37
0.36
(e) 0.37
(e) 0.34
(e) 0.33
....
CzechiaInformation on item............................0.880.890.991.061.051.111.101.101.141.141.161.231.301.231.291.331.541.771.881.961.921.671.771.901.931.992.00..
DenmarkInformation on item1.011.051.101.131.161.241.331.401.451.521.581.611.69..1.79
(e) 1.81
1.89
(e) 2.01
2.13..2.322.442.512.422.392.40
(b) 2.52
2.773.062.922.942.982.972.913.053.092.932.972.902.97
(p) 2.76
..
EstoniaInformation on item..................................0.570.680.600.700.710.760.850.921.111.061.251.401.582.312.121.721.431.471.241.281.411.631.751.75..
FinlandInformation on item1.15..1.301.43
(e) 1.52
1.601.69
(e) 1.72
1.75
(e) 1.82
(b) 1.97
(e) 2.06
2.102.212.20
(e) 2.45
2.622.783.063.243.193.253.303.313.323.333.343.543.733.713.623.403.273.152.872.722.732.762.802.912.99..
FranceInformation on item1.871.951.982.072.132.122.162.152.192.272.282.282.322.272.242.22
(b) 2.15
2.092.11
(b) 2.09
2.142.172.12
(b) 2.09
2.052.052.022.062.21
(b) 2.18
2.192.232.24
(b) 2.28
2.232.222.202.202.192.282.22..
GermanyInformation on item2.35
(e) 2.42
2.41
(e) 2.43
2.59
(e) 2.63
2.73
(e) 2.73
2.71
(e) 2.61
(b) 2.39
(e) 2.27
(d) 2.21
(d) 2.13
2.14
(e) 2.14
2.19
(e) 2.22
2.352.412.402.442.472.442.442.472.462.622.742.732.812.882.842.882.932.943.053.113.17
(e) 3.13
3.13..
GreeceInformation on item0.15........0.23..0.26
(b) 0.32
..0.31..0.40..
(b) 0.42
..0.43..0.57..0.56..0.55
(e) 0.53
0.58
(e) 0.56
(e) 0.58
(be) 0.66
(e) 0.63
(e) 0.60
0.680.710.810.840.971.011.151.211.271.511.46..
HungaryInformation on item....................
(d) 1.03
(d) 1.01
(d) 0.94
(bd) 0.86
(d) 0.71
(d) 0.63
(d) 0.70
(d) 0.66
(d) 0.67
(d) 0.79
(d) 0.91
(d) 0.98
(d) 0.92
(b) 0.86
0.920.980.950.981.131.131.181.251.381.341.341.181.32
(b) 1.51
1.471.591.64..
IcelandInformation on item0.63..0.670.710.720.710.75..0.970.961.131.301.311.351.51..1.80
(e) 1.95
2.24
(e) 2.57
2.84
(e) 2.82
2.71..2.682.852.532.462.60..
(be) 2.40
..
(b) 1.69
(e) 1.94
2.18
(e) 2.11
2.08
(e) 2.00
2.34
(e) 2.49
2.81..
IrelandInformation on item0.650.640.620.680.730.800.790.76
(e) 0.77
(e) 0.79
(e) 0.89
(e) 0.99
(e) 1.12
(e) 1.22
(e) 1.23
(e) 1.27
(e) 1.24
(e) 1.21
(e) 1.15
(e) 1.08
1.051.061.121.181.191.201.231.39
(e) 1.61
(e) 1.59
(e) 1.55
(e) 1.56
(e) 1.57
(e) 1.52
(e) 1.18
(e) 1.18
(e) 1.25
(ep) 1.16
(ep) 1.23
(ep) 1.22
(b) 1.11
..
IsraelInformation on item....................
(d) 2.12
(d) 2.18
(d) 2.27
(d) 2.32
(d) 2.33
(d) 2.49
(d) 2.71
(d) 2.82
(d) 3.23
(bd) 3.83
(d) 4.06
(d) 4.00
(d) 3.76
(d) 3.75
(d) 3.92
(d) 4.02
(d) 4.30
(d) 4.26
(d) 4.05
(d) 3.86
(d) 3.94
(d) 4.08
(d) 4.03
(d) 4.11
(d) 4.21
(d) 4.47
(d) 4.62
(d) 4.78
(d) 5.22
(d) 5.71
(de) 5.56
..
ItalyInformation on item
(d) 0.83
(d) 0.85
(d) 0.90
(d) 0.95
(d) 1.06
(d) 1.07
(d) 1.12
(d) 1.14
(d) 1.16
(d) 1.20
(b) 1.14
1.101.050.980.930.95
(b) 0.99
1.000.981.001.041.081.061.051.041.081.131.161.221.221.201.261.30
(e) 1.34
1.34
(b) 1.37
1.371.421.461.511.45..
JapanInformation on item
(e) 2.00
(e) 2.08
(e) 2.19
(e) 2.28
(e) 2.43
(e) 2.40
(e) 2.45
(e) 2.48
(e) 2.58
(e) 2.66
(e) 2.63
(e) 2.58
(e) 2.52
(e) 2.47
(e) 2.56
(b) 2.64
2.722.832.852.862.922.972.992.983.133.233.29
(b) 3.29
3.203.103.213.17
(b) 3.28
3.373.243.113.17
(b) 3.22
3.223.273.30..
KoreaInformation on item....................
(d) 1.71
(d) 1.80
(d) 1.95
(d) 2.12
(d) 2.16
(d) 2.22
(d) 2.25
(d) 2.11
(d) 2.02
(d) 2.13
(d) 2.28
(d) 2.21
(d) 2.28
(d) 2.44
(d) 2.52
(d) 2.72
(b) 2.87
2.993.153.323.593.853.954.083.983.994.294.524.634.804.93..
LuxembourgInformation on item......................................1.58....1.621.591.561.65
(e) 1.57
1.551.591.421.42
(b) 1.21
1.231.221.251.271.241.171.18
(e) 1.09
1.04..
MexicoInformation on item........................
(e) 0.18
0.230.250.250.280.300.340.310.320.350.39
(b) 0.39
0.400.370.400.440.480.490.470.420.430.440.430.39
(e) 0.33
..........
NetherlandsInformation on item1.62
(b) 1.72
1.761.701.831.942.021.961.88
(b) 1.92
1.821.751.77
(b) 1.81
1.82
(b) 1.84
1.841.74
(b) 1.82
1.791.801.751.781.791.771.741.671.621.671.70
(b) 1.88
(b) 1.92
(b) 2.16
2.172.152.152.182.142.182.322.27..
New ZealandInformation on item
(e) 0.97
..
(e) 0.87
..........0.830.950.94
(b) 0.96
0.98..0.92..1.06..0.96..
(b) 1.10
..1.15..1.12..1.16..1.25..1.23..1.15..1.23..1.35..
(p) 1.41
..1.47..
NorwayInformation on item1.15
(e) 1.22
1.27
(be) 1.35
1.44..1.61..1.63..1.60..1.67..
(b) 1.65
..1.59..1.60..1.561.631.681.541.481.451.561.551.721.641.621.611.641.701.922.032.082.032.142.241.94..
PolandInformation on item..................0.860.720.740.74
(d) 0.68
(b) 0.62
0.640.640.660.680.640.620.560.540.550.560.550.560.600.660.730.750.890.880.951.000.971.041.211.321.391.43..
PortugalInformation on item..0.27
(e) 0.30
0.31
(e) 0.34
0.34
(e) 0.37
0.37
(e) 0.43
0.46
(e) 0.51
0.55
(e) 0.55
(e) 0.53
0.52
(e) 0.55
0.56
(e) 0.62
0.68
(e) 0.72
0.76
(e) 0.72
0.70
(e) 0.73
0.76
(e) 0.95
1.12
(b) 1.44
1.581.541.461.381.321.291.241.281.321.351.401.611.68
(p) 1.73
Slovak RepublicInformation on item..................
(d) 1.61
(d) 2.07
(bd) 1.73
(d) 1.33
(bd) 0.87
(d) 0.90
(d) 0.89
(b) 1.05
0.770.640.640.620.560.560.500.490.470.450.460.470.610.650.790.820.881.160.790.880.840.820.900.92..
SloveniaInformation on item........................1.531.68
(e) 1.49
1.261.251.311.341.361.471.441.251.371.421.541.43
(b) 1.63
1.812.05
(b) 2.41
2.562.562.372.202.011.871.952.042.142.13..
SpainInformation on item0.390.450.440.460.510.560.590.660.690.780.80
(b) 0.84
0.83
(e) 0.77
0.77
(e) 0.79
0.78
(e) 0.85
0.840.880.890.961.021.041.101.181.24
(b) 1.32
1.361.361.331.301.271.241.221.191.211.241.251.411.43..
SwedenInformation on item
(e) 2.03
..
(e) 2.26
..
(e) 2.55
..
(e) 2.63
..
(e) 2.58
..
(e) 2.52
..
(be) 2.96
..
(be) 3.10
..
(e) 3.27
..
(e) 3.38
..
(e) 3.87
..
(e) 3.58
(e) 3.36
(b) 3.36
(e) 3.47
3.23
(e) 3.47
3.40
(e) 3.17
3.19
(e) 3.23
(e) 3.26
(e) 3.10
(v) 3.22
(e) 3.25
(v) 3.36
(e) 3.32
(ev) 3.39
(e) 3.49
(ev) 3.40
..
SwitzerlandInformation on item
(e) 1.92
..
(bd) 1.93
....
(b) 2.45
....
(b) 2.44
....2.31......2.38......2.26......2.61......2.65......2.87....3.08..3.08..3.20..3.36..
TürkiyeInformation on item..................0.240.380.360.320.260.280.330.360.360.460.470.520.510.470.500.560.550.690.690.800.790.790.830.810.860.88
(b) 1.12
1.181.271.321.371.40..
United KingdomInformation on item2.24..2.06..
(b) 2.09
2.102.021.961.951.951.87
(b) 1.84
1.861.841.651.571.541.551.621.611.601.611.581.531.551.581.62
(e) 1.61
(e) 1.67
(e) 1.63
1.65
(e) 1.58
1.62
(bep) 2.26
(ep) 2.27
(ep) 2.31
(ep) 2.32
(bep) 2.70
(p) 2.67
(p) 2.93
(p) 2.91
..
United StatesInformation on item
(d) 2.27
(d) 2.43
(d) 2.49
(d) 2.55
(d) 2.66
(d) 2.63
(d) 2.61
(d) 2.56
(d) 2.52
(d) 2.56
(d) 2.62
(d) 2.54
(d) 2.42
(d) 2.33
(d) 2.41
(d) 2.45
(d) 2.48
(bd) 2.50
(d) 2.54
(d) 2.62
(d) 2.64
(d) 2.55
(bd) 2.55
(d) 2.49
(d) 2.50
(d) 2.55
(d) 2.62
(d) 2.74
(d) 2.79
(d) 2.71
(d) 2.74
(d) 2.67
(d) 2.70
(d) 2.72
(bd) 2.79
(bd) 2.85
(d) 2.90
(d) 3.01
(d) 3.17
(d) 3.47
(dp) 3.46
..
OECD - TotalInformation on item....................
(e) 2.07
(e) 2.03
(e) 1.98
(e) 1.94
(be) 1.96
(e) 1.98
(e) 2.01
(e) 2.03
(e) 2.08
(e) 2.12
(e) 2.16
(e) 2.14
(e) 2.14
(e) 2.11
(e) 2.14
(e) 2.17
(e) 2.21
(e) 2.28
(e) 2.33
(e) 2.29
(e) 2.31
(e) 2.31
(e) 2.34
(e) 2.36
(e) 2.38
(e) 2.38
(e) 2.42
(e) 2.50
(e) 2.57
(e) 2.74
(e) 2.72
..
Non-OECD EconomiesArgentinaInformation on item..............................0.370.380.370.410.390.380.350.370.400.420.450.460.47
(bp) 0.59
(p) 0.56
(p) 0.57
(p) 0.64
(p) 0.62
(p) 0.59
0.620.530.560.490.480.540.52..
China (People's Republic of)Information on item....................
(m) 0.72
(m) 0.73
(m) 0.70
(m) 0.63
(m) 0.57
(m) 0.56
(m) 0.64
(m) 0.65
(m) 0.75
(b) 0.89
0.941.061.121.211.311.371.371.45
(b) 1.66
1.711.781.912.002.022.062.102.122.142.242.412.43..
RomaniaInformation on item....................
(de) 0.74
(bde) 0.80
(de) 0.87
(de) 0.73
(b) 0.76
0.670.570.500.400.370.390.380.400.390.410.460.510.550.440.45
(b) 0.47
0.460.390.380.490.490.510.500.480.470.47..
RussiaInformation on item................1.771.891.330.690.720.790.790.900.970.890.930.981.101.161.201.070.991.001.040.971.171.051.021.031.031.071.101.101.110.991.041.10....
SingaporeInformation on item..........................1.041.101.321.421.741.821.822.012.032.002.082.152.122.322.602.131.932.071.921.922.082.172.071.901.811.902.22....
South AfricaInformation on item....0.72..0.75..0.67..0.62..0.74..0.54......0.53......
(m) 0.64
..0.680.730.770.800.790.810.750.660.670.670.660.710.730.750.760.690.610.60....
Chinese TaipeiInformation on item............................
(d) 1.69
(d) 1.72
(d) 1.80
(d) 1.88
(d) 1.94
(d) 1.91
(d) 2.03
(b) 2.11
(b) 2.22
2.272.332.442.482.672.842.822.912.963.002.983.003.093.193.353.493.613.77..
Legend:
bTime series break
dDefinition differs
eEstimated value
mUnderestimated or based on underestimated data
pProvisional value
vThe sum of the breakdown does not add to the total
Data extracted on 02 May 2024 02:09 UTC (GMT) from OECD.Stat

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