| Population and migration | Population | Total population | Population levels | | 19 153.38 | 20 394.79 | 20 697.88 | | 21 015.69 | 25 603.27 | /  |
Population growth rates | | 1.20216466 | 1.32868891 | 1.48611484 | 1.53233085 | .. | 0.68840839 | /  |
Total fertility rates | | 1.756 | 1.791 | 1.817 | 1.931 | .. | .. | /  |
Dependent population | Youth population (aged less than 15) | | 20.70688 | 19.72127 | 19.56937 | 19.39235 | 18.88801 | 16.17293 | /  |
Elderly population (aged 65 and over) | | 12.42244 | 12.93224 | 13.00935 | 13.15777 | 13.71305 | 22.16513 | /  |
Population by region | Share of national population in the ten per cent of regions with the largest population, small regions | | .. | .. | .. | .. | 63.67565252 | .. |  |
Regions with the highest population density in each country, small regions | | .. | .. | .. | .. | 641.58136734 | .. |  |
Distribution of the national population into urban regions, small regions | | .. | .. | .. | .. | 57.17847314 | .. |  |
Distribution of the national population into intermediate regions, small regions | | .. | .. | .. | .. | 20.87547486 | .. |  |
Distribution of the national population into rural regions, small regions | | .. | .. | .. | .. | 21.946052 | .. |  |
Index of geographic concentration of population, small regions | | .. | .. | .. | .. | 80.77302394 | .. |  |
| International migration | Immigrant population | Foreign-born population | | 23.0357803 | 23.81166806 | 24.05660277 | 24.99810629 | .. | .. | /  |
Foreign population | | 7.4 | .. | 7.7 | .. | .. | .. | /  |
Foreign-born nationals | | 68.4 | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | /  |
Trends in migration | Net migration rate | | 5.794681 | 6.716345 | 8.788449 | 10.25836 | .. | .. | /  |
Migration and unemployment | Unemployment rate of native-born men | | 6.6 | 4.7 | 3.8 | 3.37795367 | .. | .. | /  |
Unemployment rate of foreign-born men | | 6.5 | 5 | 4.3 | 4.14905878 | .. | .. | /  |
Unemployment rate of native-born women | | 5.8 | 5 | 4.5 | 4.21339883 | .. | .. | /  |
Unemployment rate of foreign-born women | | 7 | 5.2 | 5.2 | 5.13575401 | .. | .. | /  |
Unemployment rate of native-born total | | 6.38790136 | 4.81993475 | 4.12992747 | 4.20603512 | .. | .. | /  |
Unemployment rate of foreign-born total | | 6.99468541 | 5.06425949 | 4.71547082 | 4.23455008 | .. | .. | /  |
| Production and income | Production | Size of GDP | Gross domestic product |  | 525.41914711 | 696.83434827 | 742.89957076 | 795.7024813 | | .. | /  |
GDP per capita |  | 27 266.11747457 | 33 962.76281008 | 35 678.89012775 | 37 616.21984881 | | .. | /  |
Volume index of GDP per capita |  | | | | | | .. | /  |
Evolution of GDP | Real GDP growth |  | 1.89993516 | 2.99994098 | 3.30001215 | 3.68011445 | | .. | /  |
GDP by region | Range in regional GDP per capita, small regions: maximum |  | .. | .. | 126.86403593 | .. | .. | .. |  |
Range in regional GDP per capita, small regions: minimum |  | .. | .. | 80.13963502 | .. | .. | .. |  |
Range in regional GDP per capita, small regions: average |  | .. | .. | 103.50183548 | .. | .. | .. |  |
Share of GDP increase of each country due to the ten percent of most dynamic regions, small regions |  | .. | .. | 23.88043667 | .. | .. | .. |  |
Gini index of regional GDP per capita, small regions | | .. | .. | 0.10272766 | .. | .. | .. |  |
Gini index of the population in regions with low GDP per capita, small regions: as a percentage of population | | .. | .. | 54.48182675 | .. | .. | .. |  |
| Income, savings and investments | National income per capita | Gross national income per capita |  | 26 524.79263514 | 32 640.20574162 | 34 112.65811516 | 35 938.43248972 | | .. | /  |
| Gross and net national income per capita | | 22 287.72954943 | 27 510.40868834 | 28 684.02282624 | 30 213.59529425 | | .. | |
Household disposable income | Household disposal income |  | 4.07806256 | 4.46443815 | 4.57885132 | .. | .. | .. | /  |
Household savings | Household net saving rates |  | 2.19937536 | -0.22940105 | 0.78637987 | .. | .. | .. | /  |
Investment rates | Gross fixed capital formation |  | 21.97625867 | 26.95342621 | 27.22712815 | 28.26884961 | | .. | /  |
Productivity | Labour productivity levels | GDP per hour worked | | .. | .. | .. | .. | 44.5 | .. |  |
Levels of GDP per capita and labour productivity - Percentage gap with respect to US GDP per capita | | .. | .. | .. | .. | -18 | .. |  |
Levels of GDP per capita and labour productivity - Effect of labour utilisation | | .. | .. | .. | .. | 1 | .. |  |
Levels of GDP per capita and labour productivity - Percentage gap with respect to US GDP per hour worked | | .. | .. | .. | .. | -20 | .. |  |
Labour productivity growth | Growth in GDP per hour worked | | 2.56406227 | .. | .. | .. | 0.95678093 | .. |  |
Contribution of labour productivity and labour utilisation to GDP per capita - GDP per capita | | .. | .. | .. | .. | 1.76099918 | .. |  |
Contribution of labour productivity and labour utilisation to GDP per capita - GDP per hour worked | | .. | .. | .. | .. | 0.95678093 | .. |  |
Contribution of labour productivity and labour utilisation to GDP per capita - labour utilisation | | .. | .. | .. | .. | 0.79659656 | .. |  |
Productivity and growth accounting | Contributions to GDP growth: Labour input |  | .. | .. | .. | .. | 1.27044424 | .. | /  |
Contributions to GDP growth: ICT capital |  | .. | .. | .. | .. | 0.55 | .. | /  |
Contributions to GDP growth: Non-ICT capital |  | .. | .. | .. | .. | 0.54775983 | .. | /  |
Contributions to GDP growth: Multi-factor productivity |  | .. | .. | .. | .. | 0.94 | .. | /  |
Contributions to GDP growth: GDP growth |  | .. | .. | .. | .. | 3.31 | .. | /  |
Unit labour costs | Unit labour costs, total economy | | 3.204855 | 3.854491 | 3.732303 | .. | .. | .. | /  |
| Economic structure | Value added by acivity | Value added in agriculture |  | 3.96864945 | 3.09214727 | 2.4054001 | 2.54820745 | .. | .. | /  |
Value added in industry |  | 26.11845132 | 28.00309474 | 28.98376209 | 29.088629 | .. | .. | /  |
Value added in services |  | 69.91289923 | 68.90475799 | 68.61052612 | 68.36306739 | .. | .. | /  |
Evolution of value added by activity | Real value added in agriculture |  | 4.05048077 | 2.86539235 | -17.74027358 | 8.3491707 | .. | .. |  |
Real value added in industry |  | -0.80282124 | 2.34157762 | 4.06928647 | 3.50626069 | .. | .. |  |
Real value added in services |  | 3.4883643 | 3.33395456 | 4.08648768 | 4.03933906 | .. | .. |  |
Small and medium-sized enterprises | Number of employees in manufacturing in enterprises with less than 20 persons engaged |  | 22.310703 | 29.11985 | 28.878504 | 28 | .. | .. | /  |
Number of employees in manufacturing in enterprises with 20 or more persons engaged |  | 77.689301 | 70.88015 | 71.121498 | 72 | .. | .. | /  |
Number of employees in manufacturing in enterprises with less than 10 persons engaged |  | 12.344627 | 19.288389 | 19.252337 | .. | .. | .. | /  |
Number of employees in manufacturing in enterprises with 10-19 persons engaged |  | 9.9660759 | 9.831461 | 9.6261683 | .. | .. | .. | /  |
Number of employees in manufacturing in enterprises with 20-49 persons engaged |  | 12.623096 | 13.857677 | 13.925234 | .. | .. | .. | /  |
Number of enterprises in manufacturing with less than 20 persons engaged | | .. | 94.159042 | 94.184479 | .. | .. | .. | /  |
Number of enterprises in manufacturing with 20 or more persons engaged | | .. | 5.8409576 | 5.8155222 | .. | .. | .. | /  |
Number of enterprises in manufacturing with less than 10 persons engaged | | .. | 88.192284 | 88.490364 | .. | .. | .. | /  |
Number of enterprises in manufacturing with 10-19 persons engaged | | .. | 5.9667583 | 5.6941156 | .. | .. | .. | /  |
Number of enterprises in manufacturing with 20-49 persons engaged | | .. | 3.8243368 | 3.8033214 | .. | .. | .. | /  |
| Globalisation | Trade | Share of international trade in GDP | International trade in goods and services |  | 22.52322049 | 21.0381062 | 21.23735505 | 21.62414368 | | .. | /  |
International trade in goods | Trade balance: exports of goods minus imports of goods | | -4 | -13.2 | -9.32797461 | -16.85562006 | -4.70567064 | .. | /  |
Imports of goods | | 67.76289177 | 118.96336053 | 132.65074987 | 157.80271852 | 191.58557268 | .. | /  |
Exports of goods | | 63.76192333 | 106.00207497 | 123.32277526 | 140.94709846 | 186.87990205 | .. | /  |
International trade in services | Services trade balance: exports of services minus imports of services | | 0.9383 | 0.53321 | 0.88259 | 0.59654 | -3.13653 | .. | /  |
Imports of services | | 18.91893 | 30.4361 | 32.19027 | 39.73534 | 47.45386 | .. | /  |
Exports of services | | 19.85723 | 30.96931 | 33.07286 | 40.33188 | 44.31733 | .. | /  |
Balance of payments | Current account balance | | -3.64176906 | -5.52365175 | -5.07367763 | -6.06370947 | | .. | /  |
| FDI and multinational enterprises | FDI flows and stocks | Outward FDI stocks | | 85 385.25 | 175 540.55541289 | 225 393.077 | 289 669.22466261 | .. | .. | /  |
Inward FDI stocks | | 111 138.494 | 213 530.2102058 | 260 802.983 | 341 837.34674076 | .. | .. | /  |
Inflows of foreign direct investment | | 13 949.94839145 | -31 998.78123096 | 27 882.60116043 | 44 326.47255689 | 46 565.34446764 | .. | /  |
Outflows of foreign direct investment | | 3 158.48980977 | -37 983.69896405 | 23 418.93214851 | 16 803.88219545 | 35 779.54070981 | .. | /  |
Employment in foreign affiliates | Employment in affiliates under foreign control, share of employment in manufacturing | | 22.7 | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | /  |
Employment in affiliates under foreign control, share of employment in services | | 10.5 | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | /  |
| Prices | Prices, labour costs and interest rates | Consumer price indices | CPI: all items | | 4.475183 | 2.668733 | 3.538487 | 2.332361 | 4.352643 | .. | /  |
CPI: all items non food non energy | | 4.243509 | 2.19589 | 2.098727 | 2.517252 | 3.63072 | .. | /  |
CPI: food | | 0.6386805 | 2.024624 | 9.407063 | 1.830018 | 4.31963 | .. | /  |
CPI: energy | | 17.21743 | 10.23454 | 9.739038 | 1.203905 | 12.713 | .. | /  |
Producer price indices | PPI: domestic manufacturing |  | 7.147443 | 5.960755 | 7.931517 | 2.347038 | 8.287206 | .. | /  |
Labour compensation | Labour compensation per unit labour input, total economy | | 3.85956 | 4.722511 | 4.461722 | .. | .. | .. | /  |
Long-term interest rates | Long-term interest rates | | 6.314569 | 5.339827 | 5.587464 | 5.995 | 5.82 | .. | /  |
| Purchasing power parities and exchange rates | Rates of conversion | Purchasing power parities | | 1.31183267 | 1.38835579 | 1.40755769 | 1.42285845 | 1.48256519 | .. | /  |
Exchange rates | | 1.72483 | 1.30947 | 1.32797 | 1.19507 | 1.19218 | .. | /  |
Indices of price levels | | 81.08424562 | 103.9765121 | 104.741889 | 113.51764658 | 114.69018962 | .. | /  |
Effective exchange rates | Nominal effective exchange rates | | 83.30567354 | 100 | 98.51202253 | 104.73402436 | 102.44953515 | .. | /  |
Real effective exchange rates based on consumer price indices | | 78.07083 | 100 | 99.875 | 105.9633 | 104.0167 | .. | /  |
Real effective exchange rates based on unit labour costs in manufacturing | | 73.3025 | 100 | 101.12 | 108.6175 | 107.285 | .. | /  |
| Energy | Energy requirement | Energy supply | Total primary energy supply | | 108.9 | 120.8 | 122.6 | 124.1 | 129 | .. | /  |
Energy intensity | Total primary energy supply per unit of GDP | | 0.21 | 0.2 | 0.19 | 0.19 | 0.19 | .. | /  |
Energy supply per capita | Total primary energy supply per capita | | 5.65 | 5.88 | 5.89 | 5.87 | 6.11 | .. | /  |
Electricity generation | Electricity generation | | 207.4 | 245.1 | 251.3 | 254.6 | 265.3 | .. | /  |
Renewable energy | Contribution of renewables to energy supply | | 6 | 5.5 | 5.3 | 5.6 | 5.3 | .. | /  |
| Energy production and prices | Energy production | Total production of energy | | 234.4 | 270.4 | 270 | 289.2 | 290.5 | .. | /  |
Oil production | Production of crude oil | | 32.1 | 22.9 | 21.9 | 24 | 22.2 | .. | /  |
Oil prices | Crude oil import prices | | 30.79 | 56.71 | 66.71 | 77.13 | 107.83 | .. | /  |
| Labour | Employment and hours worked | Employment rates | Employment rates: total | | 69.26970358 | 71.53552586 | 72.16040914 | 72.84493734 | 73.17762343 | .. | /  |
Employment rates: men | | 77.09157716 | 78.48410044 | 78.81889537 | 79.57228182 | 79.64501984 | .. | /  |
Employment rates: women | | 61.44315147 | 64.59900846 | 65.51100392 | 66.12520146 | 66.7116672 | .. | /  |
Employment rates by age group | Employment rates for age group 15-24 | | 62.07623764 | 63.2732552 | 63.73752478 | 64.13311422 | 64.34377846 | .. | /  |
Employment rates for age group 25-54 | | 76.34547974 | 78.75277525 | 79.2236481 | 79.98153216 | 80.33251779 | .. | /  |
Employment rates for age group 55-64 | | 46.23204911 | 53.51835764 | 55.46133121 | 56.61975446 | 57.36141631 | .. | /  |
Part-time employment | Incidence of part-time employment | | .. | 24 | 23.9 | 23.7 | 23.8 | .. | /  |
Self-employment | Self-employment rates: total | | 14.02635 | 12.87959 | 12.38123 | 11.93614 | 11.74004 | .. | /  |
Self-employment rates: men | | 16.66061 | 15.45248 | 14.97374 | 14.43437 | 14.08183 | .. | /  |
Self-employment rates: women | | 10.6837 | 9.72423 | 9.226347 | 8.893991 | 8.90562 | .. | /  |
Employment by region | Differences in annual employment growth across regions, small regions: maximum | | .. | .. | .. | .. | 4.9321967 | .. |  |
Differences in annual employment growth across regions, small regions: minimum | | .. | .. | .. | .. | 0.99833166 | .. |  |
Differences in annual employment growth across regions, small regions: country average | | .. | .. | .. | .. | 2.25133477 | .. |  |
Share of national employment growth due to the ten per cent of most dynamic regions, small regions | | .. | .. | .. | .. | 0.44677747 | .. | |
Regional difference in the employment rate of women, large regions: maximum | | .. | .. | .. | .. | 72.01695974 | .. | |
Regional difference in the employment rate of women, large regions: minimum | | .. | .. | .. | .. | 62.5491044 | .. | |
Regional difference in the employment rate of women, large regions: country average | | .. | .. | .. | .. | 65.18024789 | .. | |
Hours worked | Average hours actually worked | | 1 783.43 | 1 730.30570495 | 1 728.37784544 | 1 729.71565105 | 1 731.66823112 | .. | /  |
| Unemployment | Unemployment rates | Unemployment rates: total | | 6.3 | 5 | 4.8 | 4.4 | 4.2 | .. | /  |
Unemployment rates: men | | 6.5 | 4.9 | 4.7 | 4.1 | 3.9 | .. | /  |
Unemployment rates: women | | 6.2 | 5.2 | 4.9 | 4.8 | 4.6 | .. | /  |
Long-term unemployment | Long-term unemployment | | 25.53571162 | 18.26398042 | 18.11833172 | 15.37344398 | 14.85522451 | .. | /  |
Unemployment by region | Range in regional unemployment rate, small regions: maximum | | .. | .. | .. | .. | 7.11805556 | .. |  |
Range in regional unemployment rate, small regions: minimum | | .. | .. | .. | .. | 2.77813671 | .. |  |
Range in regional unemployment rate, small regions: national unemployment rate | | .. | .. | .. | .. | 4.36877463 | .. |  |
Gini index of regional unemployment rates, small regions |  | .. | .. | .. | .. | 0.14734462 | .. | |
Regional variation of the youth unemployment rate, large regions: maximum | | .. | .. | .. | .. | 11.4 | .. | |
Regional variation of the youth unemployment rate, large regions: minimum | | .. | .. | .. | .. | 5.1 | .. | |
Regional variation of the youth unemployment rate, large regions: maximum-minimum | | .. | .. | .. | .. | 6.3 | .. | |
| Science and technology | Research and Development | Expenditure on R&D | Gross domestic expenditure on R&D | | 1.51134112 | .. | 2.0574003 | .. | .. | .. | /  |
Researchers | Researchers | | 7.32500328 | .. | 8.47991436 | .. | .. | .. | /  |
Patents | Triadic patent families | | 362.4539 | 372.6921 | 350.5444 | 352.0817 | .. | .. | /  |
| Information and communications | Size of the ICT sector | Share of ICT manufacturing in total manufacturing value added | | .. | .. | 2.8 | .. | .. | .. | /  |
Percentage point change in the share of ICT manufacturing in total manufacturing value added between 1995 and 2006 | | .. | .. | -0.3 | .. | .. | .. | /  |
Share of telecommunication services in total business services value added | | .. | .. | 4.1 | .. | .. | .. | /  |
Share of other ICT services in total business services value added | | .. | .. | 3.9 | .. | .. | .. | /  |
Percentage point change in the share of ICT services in total business services value added between 1995 and 2006 | | .. | .. | -1 | .. | .. | .. | /  |
Share of ICT specialists in the total economy | | .. | .. | .. | 3.61928781 | .. | .. | /  |
Percentage point change in the share of ICT specialists in the total economy between 1995 and 2007 | | .. | .. | .. | 0.3063426 | .. | .. | /  |
Share of ICT specialists, advanced and basic users in the total economy | | .. | .. | .. | 20.81027384 | .. | .. | /  |
Percentage point change in the share of ICT specialists, advanced and basic users in the total economy between 1995 and 2007 | | .. | .. | .. | -0.24778314 | .. | .. | /  |
Investment in ICT | Shares of ICT investment in non-residential gross fixed capital formation | | 24.75571591 | 14.88667703 | 14.31984758 | 13.34503242 | .. | .. | /  |
Exports of ICT equipment | Exports of ICT equipment | | 1 892.591966 | 1 912.378711 | 1 927.001835 | 2 066.712028 | 2 229.571608 | .. | /  |
Computer, internet and telecommunication | Percentage of households with access to home computers | | 53 | 70 | 73 | 75 | .. | .. | /  |
Percentage of households with access to the internet | | 32 | 60 | 64 | 67 | .. | .. | /  |
Telephone access | | 96.11312922 | 147.76906212 | 160.05812557 | 167.3151751 | .. | .. | /  |
| Environment | Water and Natural resources | Water consumption | Total gross water abstractions |  | 21 705 | .. | .. | 18 765 | .. | .. | /  |
Per capita water abstractions |  | .. | .. | .. | 930 | .. | .. | /  |
Fisheries | Fish landings in domestic and foreign ports | | 185 | 237 | 192 | 185.9252 | .. | .. | /  |
Aquaculture | | 37 | 48 | 54 | 59.6627 | .. | .. | /  |
| Air and land | Emissions of Carbon Dioxide | CO2 emissions from fuel combustion | | 339 | 386 | 391 | 396 | .. | .. | /  |
Municipal waste | Total amount generated of municipal waste |  | 13 200 | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | /  |
| Education | Outcomes | International student assessment | Mean scores on the science scale in PISA 2006: males | | .. | .. | 526.90300996 | .. | .. | .. | /  |
Mean scores on the science scale in PISA 2006: males | | .. | .. | 3.19176264 | .. | .. | .. | /  |
Mean scores on the science scale in PISA 2006: females | | .. | .. | 526.85507453 | .. | .. | .. | /  |
Mean scores on the science scale in PISA 2006: females | | .. | .. | 2.65270291 | .. | .. | .. | /  |
Mean scores on the mathematics scale in PISA 2006: males | | .. | .. | 526.95432171 | .. | .. | .. | /  |
Mean scores on the mathematics scale in PISA 2006: males | | .. | .. | 3.17669301 | .. | .. | .. | /  |
Mean scores on the mathematics scale in PISA 2006: females | | .. | .. | 512.53244681 | .. | .. | .. | /  |
Mean scores on the mathematics scale in PISA 2006: females | | .. | .. | 2.41427224 | .. | .. | .. | /  |
Mean scores on the reading scale in PISA 2006: males | | .. | .. | 494.87286352 | .. | .. | .. | /  |
Mean scores on the reading scale in PISA 2006: males | | .. | .. | 3.04741405 | .. | .. | .. | /  |
Mean scores on the reading scale in PISA 2006: females | | .. | .. | 531.75438794 | .. | .. | .. | /  |
Mean scores on the reading scale in PISA 2006: females | | .. | .. | 2.18218515 | .. | .. | .. | /  |
Top performing students | Top performing students in science scale in PSIA 2006 | | .. | .. | 14.61787616 | .. | .. | .. | /  |
Top performing students in science scale in PSIA 2006 | | .. | .. | 0.68082886 | .. | .. | .. | /  |
Top performing students in reading scale in PSIA 2006 | | .. | .. | 10.61497512 | .. | .. | .. | /  |
Top performing students in reading scale in PSIA 2006 | | .. | .. | 0.61639378 | .. | .. | .. | /  |
Top performing students in mathematics sacle in PSIA 2006 | | .. | .. | 16.4192787 | .. | .. | .. | /  |
Top performing students in mathematics sacle in PSIA 2006 | | .. | .. | 0.79127477 | .. | .. | .. | /  |
Top performing students in all three domains in PSIA 2006 | | .. | .. | 6.63765555 | .. | .. | .. | /  |
Top performing students in all three domains in PSIA 2006 | | .. | .. | 0.44993939 | .. | .. | .. | /  |
Expectations for science-related careers by gender | Share of male students expecting a science-related career at age 30 on male students aged 15 in PISA 2006 | | .. | .. | 26.99310932 | .. | .. | .. | /  |
Share of male students expecting a science-related career at age 30 on male students aged 15 in PISA 2006 | | .. | .. | 0.67175368 | .. | .. | .. | /  |
Share of female students expecting a science-related career at age 30 on female students aged 15 in PISA 2006 | | .. | .. | 28.67145758 | .. | .. | .. | /  |
Share of female students expecting a science-related career at age 30 on female students aged 15 in PISA 2006 | | .. | .. | 0.77937475 | .. | .. | .. | /  |
Share of male students expecting a science-related career at age 30: computer sciences and engineering in PISA 2006 | | .. | .. | 46.324 | .. | .. | .. | /  |
Share of male students expecting a science-related career at age 30: computer sciences and engineering in PISA 2006 | | .. | .. | 1.67463 | .. | .. | .. | /  |
Share of female students expecting a science-related career at age 30: computer sciences and engineering in PISA 2006 | | .. | .. | 8.107 | .. | .. | .. | /  |
Share of female students expecting a science-related career at age 30: computer sciences and engineering in PISA 2006 | | .. | .. | 0.52943 | .. | .. | .. | /  |
Share of male students expecting a science-related career at age 30: health sciences and nursing in PISA 2006 | | .. | .. | 26.221 | .. | .. | .. | /  |
Share of male students expecting a science-related career at age 30: health sciences and nursing in PISA 2006 | | .. | .. | 1.42622 | .. | .. | .. | /  |
Share of female students expecting a science-related career at age 30: health sciences and nursing in PISA 2006 | | .. | .. | 64.884 | .. | .. | .. | /  |
Share of female students expecting a science-related career at age 30: health sciences and nursing in PISA 2006 | | .. | .. | 1.24523 | .. | .. | .. | /  |
Tertiary graduation and entry rates | Tertiary graduation rates | | 35.66544251 | 49.69580696 | 49.75981802 | .. | .. | .. | /  |
Tertiary entry rates | | 59.03029767 | 82.31976997 | 84.02428069 | 85.68483934 | .. | .. | /  |
Education attainment | Population with tertiary education, 25-64 | | .. | .. | .. | 33.73670883 | .. | .. | /  |
Population with tertiary education, 25-34 | | .. | .. | .. | 40.72885759 | .. | .. | /  |
Population with tertiary education, 35-44 | | .. | .. | .. | 33.92646411 | .. | .. | /  |
Population with tertiary education, 45-54 | | .. | .. | .. | 32.19457637 | .. | .. | /  |
Population with tertiary education, 55-64 | | .. | .. | .. | 26.55913012 | .. | .. | /  |
Population aged 25-64 with below upper secondary level of education | | .. | .. | .. | 31.81673187 | .. | .. | /  |
Population aged 25-64 with upper secondary and post-secondary non-tertiary level of education | | .. | .. | .. | 34.4465593 | .. | .. | /  |
Population aged 25-64 with tertiary level of education | | .. | .. | .. | 33.73670883 | .. | .. | /  |
| Resources | Teaching and learning conditions | Teachers with no school evaluation in the previous five years | | .. | .. | .. | .. | 5.01238984 | .. |  |
Teachers with no appraisal or feedback in the current school | | .. | .. | .. | .. | 10.403131 | .. |  |
Teachers would receive increased monetary or non-monetary rewards if they improve the quality of their teaching | | .. | .. | .. | .. | 8.18817322 | .. |  |
Teachers would receive increased monetary or non-monetary rewards if they are more innovative in their teaching | | .. | .. | .. | .. | 9.03912266 | .. |  |
Teachers will be dismissed because of sustained poor performance | | .. | .. | .. | .. | 29.17199517 | .. |  |
Teachers whose school principal took steps to alter the monetary rewards of a persistently underperforming teacher | | .. | .. | .. | .. | 7.10838551 | .. |  |
Educational expenditure per student | Expenditure per student in primary, secondary and post-secondary non-tertiary education: 2000 constant prices | | .. | .. | 7 459.10417558 | .. | .. | .. | /  |
Expenditure in primary, secondary and post-secondary non-tertiray education | | .. | .. | 116.31025242 | .. | .. | .. | /  |
Number of students in primary, secondary and post-secondary non-tertiray education | | .. | .. | 104.77093653 | .. | .. | .. | /  |
Expenditure per student in primary, secondary and post-secondary non-tertiray education | | .. | .. | 111.013852 | .. | .. | .. | /  |
Expenditure per student in tertiary education: 2000 constant prices | | .. | .. | 15 016.1462049 | .. | .. | .. | /  |
Expenditure in tertiary education | | .. | .. | 130.36158316 | .. | .. | .. | /  |
Number of students in tertiary education | | .. | .. | 111.48972121 | .. | .. | .. | /  |
Expenditure per student in tertiary education | | .. | .. | 116.92699717 | .. | .. | .. | /  |
Public and private expenditure on education | Share of private expenditure on educational institutions in pre-primary education (for children 3 years and older) | | 33.78039794 | .. | 36.87555612 | .. | .. | .. | /  |
Share of private expenditure on educational institutions in primary, secondary and post-secondary non-tertiary education | | 15.63104973 | .. | 17.22828039 | .. | .. | .. | /  |
Share of private expenditure on educational institutions in tertiary education | | 49.02569477 | .. | 52.42103981 | .. | .. | .. | /  |
Share of private expenditure on educational institutions in all level of education | | 24.72908427 | .. | 27.56622156 | .. | .. | .. | /  |
| Public finance | Government deficits and debt | Government expenditures, revenues and deficits | General government net borrowing or net lending | | 0.92747 | 1.73188058 | 1.88120962 | 1.77642141 | 0.95456952 | .. | /  |
General government revenues | | 36.11713192 | 36.49607644 | 36.36777261 | 36.00392119 | 35.30240783 | .. | /  |
General government expenditures | | 35.18966192 | 34.76419587 | 34.48656299 | 34.22749978 | 34.34783832 | .. | /  |
Government debt | General government gross financial liabilities | | 25.39459985 | 16.89177405 | 16.19877939 | 15.29536418 | 14.26535631 | .. | /  |
| Public social expenditure | Social expenditure | Public social expenditure | | 17.83634542 | 17.10522524 | .. | .. | .. | .. | /  |
Private social expenditure | | 5.39667049 | 3.66499346 | .. | .. | .. | .. | /  |
Health expenditure | Public expenditure on health | | 5.5 | 5.8 | 5.9 | 6 | .. | .. | /  |
Private expenditure on health | | .. | .. | .. | 2.9 | .. | .. | /  |
Pension expenditure | Public pension expenditure | | 3.647 | 3.242 | .. | .. | .. | .. | /  |
Private pension expenditure | | .. | 3.68496856 | 3.89414376 | 3.3875616 | 3.91955652 | .. | /  |
| Other public expenditure | Education expenditure | Public expenditure on education: primary, secondary and post-secondary non tertiary education | | .. | .. | 3.29934288 | .. | .. | .. | /  |
Private expenditure on education: primary, secondary and post-secondary non tertiary education | | .. | .. | 0.68673219 | .. | .. | .. | /  |
Public expenditure on education: tertiary education | | .. | .. | 0.78698855 | .. | .. | .. | /  |
Private expenditure on education: tertiary education | | .. | .. | 0.8451599 | .. | .. | .. | /  |
Public expenditure on education: all levels of education | | .. | .. | 4.14312082 | .. | .. | .. | /  |
Private expenditure on education: all levels of education | | .. | .. | 1.56235475 | .. | .. | .. | /  |
Public expenditure on education: primary, secondary and post-secondary non tertiary education | | .. | .. | 114.10832504 | .. | .. | .. | /  |
Private expenditure on education: primary, secondary and post-secondary non tertiary education | | .. | .. | 128.19520608 | .. | .. | .. | /  |
Public expenditure on education: tertiary education | | .. | .. | 121.67833475 | .. | .. | .. | /  |
Private expenditure on education: tertiary education | | .. | .. | 139.3899622 | .. | .. | .. | /  |
Public expenditure on education: all levels of education | | .. | .. | 115.26979461 | .. | .. | .. | /  |
Private expenditure on education: all levels of education | | .. | .. | 133.52752111 | .. | .. | .. | /  |
| Agricultural support and foreign aid | Government support for agriculture | Agricultural producer support estimate by country | | 5.7 | 4.9 | 6.3 | 6.7 | 5.9 | .. | /  |
Government support for fishing | Government financial transfers to fishing | | 82 272 | 46 299 | 52 080 | 60 355 | .. | .. | /  |
Official development assistance | Net official development assistance | | 0.26664391 | 0.2475735 | 0.29507468 | 0.32259196 | 0.3160081 | .. | /  |
| Taxes | Total tax revenue | Total tax revenue | | 31.143165 | 30.820348 | 30.629748 | 30.826438 | .. | .. | /  |
Taxes on income and profits | | 18.077596 | 18.212527 | 18.110633 | 18.42713 | .. | .. | /  |
Taxes on goods and services | | 8.939707 | 8.566807 | 8.312063 | 8.204835 | .. | .. | /  |
Taxes on the average worker | Taxes on the average worker | | 30.55025128 | 28.31972446 | 28.30111764 | 27.72352886 | 26.94120564 | .. | /  |
| Quality of life | Health | Life expectancy | Life expectancy at birth: total | | 79.3 | 80.9 | 81.1 | 81.4 | .. | .. | /  |
Life expectancy at birth: men | | 76.6 | 78.5 | 78.7 | 79 | .. | .. | /  |
Life expectancy at birth: women | | 82 | 83.3 | 83.5 | 83.7 | .. | .. | /  |
Infant mortality | Infant mortality | | 5.2 | 5 | 4.7 | 4.2 | .. | .. | /  |
Income inequality and poverty | Income inequality | Income inequality: Gini coefficient, level |  | .. | 0.30105794 | .. | .. | .. | .. | /  |
Income inequality: Gini coefficient, rank |  | .. | 16 | .. | .. | .. | .. | /  |
Income inequality: mean log deviation, level |  | .. | 0.1703599 | .. | .. | .. | .. | /  |
Income inequality: mean log deviation, rank |  | .. | 15 | .. | .. | .. | .. | /  |
Income inequality: squared coefficient of variation, level |  | .. | 0.38707077 | .. | .. | .. | .. | /  |
Income inequality: squared coefficient of variation, rank |  | .. | 9 | .. | .. | .. | .. | /  |