External sectors, trade and payments | Balance of income, value in USD, balance of payments basis | | -10 096 923 537.876 | -10 939 006 542.254 | -6 840 583 634.873 | -7 293 103 383.409 | -8 949 041 418.637 | -8 148 750 320.813 | -8 124 120 287.436 | -8 859 942 188.141 | -9 131 424 718.830 |
Current account balance, value in USD | | -9 913 042 751.584 | -11 331 753 174.904 | -119 303 878.110 | 287 564 556.358 | 594 146 305.830 | 1 141 381 382.673 | 2 422 807 696.176 | 2 996 759 521.581 | 3 716 260 137.013 |
Current account balance, as a percentage of GDP | | -7.265 | -7.324 | -0.237 | 0.218 | 0.440 | 0.914 | 1.835 | 2.072 | 2.449 |
Competitiveness indicator, relative consumer prices (CPI), overall weights | | 106.093 | 109.162 | 102.712 | 103.561 | 103.399 | 100.258 | 100.005 | 101.660 | 101.660 |
Contribution to world trade volume, goods and services expressed in USD, 2005 prices | | 0.016 | -0.008 | -0.001 | 0.017 | 0.006 | -0.002 | 0.012 | 0.008 | 0.009 |
Nominal effective exchange rate, chain-linked, overall weights | | 99.480 | 100.570 | 91.944 | 90.323 | 89.617 | 84.498 | 84.366 | 86.474 | 86.474 |
Exchange rate, National currency per USD | | 183.595 | 172.464 | 202.062 | 207.764 | 200.907 | 224.823 | 222.222 | 211.800 | 211.800 |
Net exports of goods and services, value, National Accounts basis, USD | | 1 216 250 472.960 | 647 168 172.349 | 6 320 958 642.643 | 7 264 479 060.132 | 8 909 450 765.865 | 9 163 467 996.324 | 9 718 724 118.244 | 11 325 540 236.634 | 12 422 755 677.373 |
Imports of goods and services, volume, USD, 2005 prices | | 97 498 492 492.943 | 102 828 998 938.313 | 87 641 837 604.450 | 97 151 829 997.140 | 103 394 205 063.404 | 103 315 249 369.287 | 108 042 317 813.854 | 112 881 380 854.086 | 118 584 256 057.117 |
Import penetration, goods and services | | 0.459 | 0.470 | 0.447 | 0.472 | 0.484 | 0.488 | 0.497 | 0.504 | 0.512 |
Share of value imports of good and services in world imports, USD | | 0.655 | 0.654 | 0.605 | 0.555 | 0.546 | 0.502 | 0.520 | 0.541 | 0.536 |
Net current international transfers, value, balance of payments basis, USD | | -686 625 013.053 | -851 364 012.652 | 563 943 331.563 | 502 066 422.166 | 798 590 047.816 | 543 378 726.846 | 789 610 677.837 | 720 018 885.741 | 613 786 591.124 |
Goods and services trade volume, USD, 2005 prices | | 98 541 841 372.585 | 104 029 667 768.767 | 91 053 978 690.214 | 101 151 906 955.715 | 108 703 841 864.183 | 109 618 656 326.716 | 114 268 027 247.752 | 119 837 906 638.097 | 126 150 822 464.887 |
Competitiveness indicator, relative unit labour costs, overall economy | | 105.043 | 105.599 | 95.624 | 93.375 | 92.678 | 87.442 | 87.499 | 89.189 | 89.189 |
Exports of goods and services, volume, USD, 2005 prices | | 99 585 190 252.226 | 105 230 336 599.221 | 94 466 119 775.978 | 105 151 983 914.290 | 114 013 478 664.963 | 115 922 063 284.145 | 120 493 736 681.649 | 126 794 432 422.108 | 133 717 388 872.658 |
Export market for goods and services, volume, USD, 2005 prices | | 88 149 773 439.940 | 90 677 575 706.504 | 80 408 296 621.046 | 89 398 545 147.135 | 95 145 041 679.255 | 96 699 620 566.296 | 98 211 542 897.963 | 102 318 590 092.107 | 107 707 528 633.048 |
Export performance for goods and services, volume | | 1.130 | 1.160 | 1.175 | 1.176 | 1.198 | 1.199 | 1.227 | 1.239 | 1.241 |
Share of value exports of good and services in world exports expressed in USD | | 0.642 | 0.641 | 0.626 | 0.578 | 0.569 | 0.527 | 0.543 | 0.568 | 0.564 |
Government accounts | Gross public debt, Maastricht criterion, as a percentage of GDP | | 67.049 | 72.975 | 79.823 | 82.158 | 82.134 | 79.839 | 78.502 | 78.391 | 77.815 |
General government gross financial liabilities, as a percentage of GDP | | 73.698 | 77.170 | 86.798 | 87.991 | 87.078 | 90.144 | 88.807 | 88.696 | 88.120 |
General government net financial liabilities, as a percentage of GDP | | 53.801 | 51.713 | 59.773 | 61.811 | 53.298 | 61.202 | 61.257 | 61.576 | 61.600 |
Net government interest payments, as a percentage of GDP | | 3.845 | 3.710 | 4.083 | 3.874 | 3.801 | 4.014 | 4.097 | 4.103 | 4.041 |
Government net lending, as a percentage of GDP | | -5.121 | -3.694 | -4.551 | -4.393 | 4.235 | -2.133 | -2.728 | -2.937 | -2.903 |
Total disbursements, general government, as a percentage of GDP | | 50.693 | 49.242 | 51.447 | 49.965 | 50.041 | 48.697 | 48.671 | 48.582 | 47.685 |
Total receipts general government, as a percentage of GDP | | 45.572 | 45.549 | 46.896 | 45.572 | 54.276 | 46.565 | 45.944 | 45.645 | 44.782 |
Expenditure and GDP | Government final consumption expenditure, volume | | 4 777 300 000 000.000 | 4 828 322 000 000.000 | 4 861 999 000 000.000 | 4 803 833 000 000.000 | 4 802 589 000 000.000 | 4 742 969 000 000.000 | 4 713 695 164 386.980 | 4 705 929 790 022.000 | 4 701 225 624 661.550 |
Private final consumption expenditure, volume | | 12 434 542 000 000.000 | 12 348 664 000 000.000 | 11 531 843 000 000.000 | 11 186 996 000 000.000 | 11 228 249 000 000.000 | 11 051 090 000 000.000 | 11 108 400 315 293.300 | 11 258 919 908 199.600 | 11 394 707 063 336.500 |
Gross domestic product, value, market prices | | 24 989 917 000 000.000 | 26 543 305 000 000.000 | 25 626 480 000 000.000 | 26 513 032 000 000.000 | 27 635 435 000 000.000 | 28 048 068 000 000.000 | 29 328 868 890 131.900 | 30 638 307 748 213.500 | 32 141 202 217 696.100 |
Gross domestic product, volume, market prices | | 22 900 865 000 000.000 | 23 105 404 000 000.000 | 21 541 770 000 000.000 | 21 768 820 000 000.000 | 22 110 774 000 000.000 | 21 742 739 000 000.000 | 22 013 719 721 994.900 | 22 459 546 723 834.500 | 22 830 781 722 032.300 |
Gross fixed capital formation, housing, volume | | 897 377 000 000.000 | 825 718 000 000.000 | 727 415 000 000.000 | 549 069 000 000.000 | 398 683 000 000.000 | 351 822 000 000.000 | 319 508 077 471.251 | 311 191 454 952.664 | 308 433 600 218.235 |
Gross fixed capital formation, total, volume | | 5 069 931 000 000.000 | 5 217 924 000 000.000 | 4 636 143 000 000.000 | 4 242 561 000 000.000 | 3 990 429 000 000.000 | 3 842 312 000 000.000 | 3 840 797 315 817.680 | 3 881 812 433 336.440 | 3 936 473 165 185.380 |
Total domestic expenditure, volume | | 22 509 574 000 000.000 | 22 664 165 000 000.000 | 20 294 489 000 000.000 | 20 199 202 000 000.000 | 20 227 192 000 000.000 | 19 477 017 000 000.000 | 19 782 900 119 514.700 | 20 021 463 386 727.400 | 20 209 525 218 926.400 |
Selected variables: ready-made growth rates | Government final consumption expenditure growth (volume) | | -7.184 | 1.068 | 0.697 | -1.196 | -0.026 | -1.241 | -0.617 | -0.165 | -0.100 |
Headline inflation | | 7.959 | 6.043 | 4.212 | 4.884 | 3.901 | 5.659 | 1.851 | 2.104 | 3.518 |
Private final consumption expenditure growth (volume) | | 1.054 | -0.691 | -6.615 | -2.990 | 0.369 | -1.578 | 0.519 | 1.355 | 1.206 |
Total employment, growth | | -0.100 | -1.191 | -2.507 | -0.028 | 0.815 | 1.730 | 1.334 | 0.932 | -0.013 |
Final domestic expenditure growth (volume) | | -0.266 | 0.489 | -6.018 | -3.716 | -0.983 | -1.918 | 0.165 | 0.966 | 0.955 |
GDP growth (volume) | | 0.110 | 0.893 | -6.767 | 1.054 | 1.571 | -1.665 | 1.246 | 2.025 | 1.653 |
Gross fixed capital formation growth (volume) | | 3.845 | 2.919 | -11.150 | -8.489 | -5.943 | -3.712 | -0.039 | 1.068 | 1.408 |
Imports of goods and services growth (volume) | | 12.802 | 5.467 | -14.769 | 10.851 | 6.425 | -0.076 | 4.575 | 4.479 | 5.052 |
Core inflation | | 5.752 | 3.498 | 4.554 | 3.745 | 0.977 | 3.895 | 3.679 | 3.179 | 3.518 |
Private final consumption expenditure, deflator, growth | | 6.888 | 5.287 | 3.947 | 3.930 | 4.250 | 6.064 | 2.530 | 2.145 | 3.521 |
Gross domestic product, deflator, market prices, annualised rate | | 5.437 | 5.276 | 3.554 | 2.380 | 2.621 | 3.211 | 3.279 | 2.391 | 3.199 |
Total domestic expenditure growth (volume) | | -1.440 | 0.687 | -10.456 | -0.470 | 0.139 | -3.709 | 1.570 | 1.206 | 0.939 |
Goods and services trade growth, USD, 2005 prices, annualised rate | | 13.884 | 5.569 | -12.473 | 11.090 | 7.466 | 0.842 | 4.241 | 4.874 | 5.268 |
Exports of goods and services growth (volume) | | 14.964 | 5.669 | -10.229 | 11.312 | 8.427 | 1.674 | 3.944 | 5.229 | 5.460 |
Export performance for total goods and services growth | | 6.537 | 2.723 | 1.236 | 0.118 | 1.879 | 0.039 | 2.344 | 1.005 | 0.183 |
Supply block | Output gap of the total economy | | 3.691 | 3.501 | -3.816 | -3.160 | -1.822 | -3.524 | -2.577 | -1.234 | -0.669 |
Potential output of total economy, volume | | 22 085 609 977 698.900 | 22 323 846 943 934.600 | 22 396 467 976 855.100 | 22 479 231 773 208.600 | 22 521 114 469 111.600 | 22 536 886 276 040.700 | 22 595 956 931 511.300 | 22 740 251 878 780.900 | 22 984 550 860 723.900 |
Productive capital stocks, volume | | 53 189 445 496 741.800 | 55 435 213 391 663.200 | 57 028 128 601 742.600 | 58 400 352 829 993.900 | 59 602 165 360 318.500 | 60 733 486 629 036.800 | 61 819 630 898 278.000 | 62 877 861 135 382.700 | 63 952 812 685 306.600 |
NAIRU - Unemployment rate with non-accelerating inflation rate | | 8.127 | 8.601 | 9.276 | 9.387 | 9.584 | 9.970 | 10.355 | 10.604 | 10.673 |
Cyclically adjusted government net lending, as a percentage of potential GDP | | -6.982 | -5.309 | -3.358 | -2.939 | 4.935 | -0.785 | -1.631 | -2.390 | -2.623 |
Underlying government net lending, as a percentage of potential GDP | | -6.293 | -4.754 | -3.331 | -3.886 | -4.113 | -1.589 | -1.995 | -2.777 | -2.623 |
Underlying government primary balance, as a percentage of potential GDP | | -2.305 | -0.914 | 0.596 | -0.134 | -0.382 | 2.283 | 1.996 | 1.276 | 1.390 |
Household sector accounts | Household and non-profit institutions serving households net saving ratio | | 3.340 | 2.744 | 4.802 | 5.422 | 5.419 | 1.873 | 2.422 | 3.230 | 2.798 |
Prices and deflators | Consumer price index | | 1.122 | 1.190 | 1.240 | 1.300 | 1.351 | 1.428 | 1.454 | 1.485 | 1.537 |
Private final consumption expenditure, deflator | | 1.106 | 1.164 | 1.210 | 1.258 | 1.312 | 1.391 | 1.426 | 1.457 | 1.508 |
Gross domestic product, deflator, market prices | | 1.091 | 1.149 | 1.190 | 1.218 | 1.250 | 1.290 | 1.332 | 1.364 | 1.408 |
Imports of goods and services, deflator, National Accounts basis | | 1.033 | 1.050 | 1.065 | 1.086 | 1.141 | 1.188 | 1.193 | 1.221 | 1.245 |
Exports of goods and services, deflator, National Accounts basis | | 1.022 | 1.032 | 1.055 | 1.075 | 1.113 | 1.148 | 1.159 | 1.181 | 1.203 |
Labour markets | Total employment | | 3 925 908.039 | 3 879 132.705 | 3 781 873.580 | 3 780 807.215 | 3 811 604.453 | 3 877 527.917 | 3 929 254.388 | 3 965 870.533 | 3 965 373.807 |
Labour force | | 4 237 748.115 | 4 209 533.480 | 4 202 898.433 | 4 255 048.480 | 4 279 145.542 | 4 354 270.914 | 4 385 479.236 | 4 409 381.523 | 4 418 758.282 |
Labour productivity of the total economy | | 1.029 | 1.057 | 1.010 | 1.014 | 1.026 | 1.008 | 1.012 | 1.024 | 1.041 |
Unit labour cost in total economy | | 1.098 | 1.148 | 1.187 | 1.184 | 1.208 | 1.242 | 1.265 | 1.296 | 1.334 |
Unemployment, level | | 311 840.076 | 330 400.775 | 421 024.852 | 474 241.265 | 467 541.090 | 476 742.997 | 456 224.848 | 443 510.990 | 453 384.474 |
Unemployment rate | | 7.359 | 7.849 | 10.017 | 11.145 | 10.926 | 10.949 | 10.403 | 10.058 | 10.260 |
Compensation rate, total economy | | 3 133 821.816 | 3 360 604.393 | 3 304 215.678 | 3 295 096.839 | 3 408 920.566 | 3 440 371.682 | 3 532 050.931 | 3 673 202.449 | 3 827 665.241 |
Monetary data | Long-term interest rate on government bonds | | 6.744 | 8.238 | 9.123 | 7.282 | 7.635 | 7.891 | 5.832 | 4.985 | 4.885 |
Short-term interest rate | | 7.580 | 8.904 | 8.484 | 5.369 | 6.017 | 6.899 | 4.241 | 3.400 | 3.900 |