External sectors, trade and payments | Balance of income, value in USD, balance of payments basis | | 1 817 417 386.901 | 4 530 128 763.854 | 3 174 453 286.070 | 5 895 383 885.375 | 6 819 879 885.322 | 8 326 400 491.842 | 8 398 888 230.134 | 8 736 447 424.318 | 8 736 447 424.318 |
Current account balance, value in USD | | 4 370 349 807.549 | 9 949 174 919.414 | 10 642 857 709.345 | 18 461 027 175.284 | 18 864 834 645.257 | 18 463 929 117.426 | 20 134 382 052.860 | 21 453 610 978.627 | 21 793 350 169.419 |
Current account balance, as a percentage of GDP | | 1.360 | 2.882 | 3.397 | 5.889 | 5.648 | 5.867 | 6.072 | 6.076 | 5.967 |
Competitiveness indicator, relative consumer prices (CPI), overall weights | | 100.343 | 101.918 | 104.681 | 100.247 | 99.720 | 97.118 | 98.143 | 99.385 | 99.385 |
Contribution to world trade volume, goods and services expressed in USD, 2005 prices | | 0.003 | -0.001 | -0.023 | 0.015 | 0.009 | -0.003 | 0.006 | 0.008 | 0.009 |
Nominal effective exchange rate, chain-linked, overall weights | | 101.539 | 103.709 | 106.184 | 101.512 | 101.411 | 98.811 | 100.755 | 102.217 | 102.217 |
Exchange rate, National currency per USD | | 5.443 | 5.099 | 5.359 | 5.622 | 5.357 | 5.790 | 5.606 | 5.414 | 5.414 |
Net exports of goods and services, value, National Accounts basis, USD | | 7 175 149 722.458 | 10 996 360 819.582 | 12 174 281 867.159 | 17 381 462 595.509 | 17 515 932 774.868 | 16 008 911 612.371 | 18 465 225 527.016 | 19 177 263 248.088 | 19 731 432 322.747 |
Imports of goods and services, volume, USD, 2005 prices | | 134 274 357 978.381 | 138 760 563 286.590 | 121 745 146 474.403 | 126 017 207 138.442 | 133 438 110 644.184 | 134 637 653 950.591 | 136 472 282 214.830 | 140 886 455 926.750 | 147 237 932 306.858 |
Import penetration, goods and services | | 0.332 | 0.341 | 0.324 | 0.329 | 0.340 | 0.342 | 0.346 | 0.350 | 0.356 |
Share of value imports of good and services in world imports, USD | | 0.931 | 0.925 | 0.889 | 0.771 | 0.753 | 0.722 | 0.733 | 0.733 | 0.722 |
Net current international transfers, value, balance of payments basis, USD | | -5 314 947 149.746 | -5 667 458 191.677 | -5 337 932 562.661 | -5 667 732 935.202 | -5 883 656 241.798 | -6 128 920 478.885 | -6 544 710 596.112 | -6 239 989 609.625 | -6 454 419 493.491 |
Goods and services trade volume, USD, 2005 prices | | 137 796 083 659.257 | 142 396 580 783.076 | 126 966 552 675.951 | 131 088 235 465.349 | 139 553 650 967.053 | 140 439 814 000.165 | 141 911 763 926.353 | 146 508 393 626.838 | 152 923 244 009.833 |
Competitiveness indicator, relative unit labour costs, overall economy | | 104.396 | 107.924 | 112.139 | 106.485 | 104.154 | 100.331 | 101.549 | 102.630 | 102.630 |
Exports of goods and services, volume, USD, 2005 prices | | 141 317 809 340.133 | 146 032 598 279.562 | 132 187 958 877.499 | 136 159 263 792.255 | 145 669 191 289.923 | 146 241 974 049.739 | 147 351 245 637.875 | 152 130 331 326.927 | 158 608 555 712.808 |
Export market for goods and services, volume, USD, 2005 prices | | 150 021 993 456.912 | 153 930 994 257.140 | 136 207 394 121.857 | 151 813 917 842.374 | 160 853 754 373.575 | 163 764 019 182.712 | 166 172 928 452.918 | 173 119 194 337.681 | 182 049 716 198.301 |
Export performance for goods and services, volume | | 0.942 | 0.949 | 0.970 | 0.897 | 0.906 | 0.893 | 0.887 | 0.879 | 0.871 |
Share of value exports of good and services in world exports expressed in USD | | 0.943 | 0.957 | 0.939 | 0.841 | 0.810 | 0.771 | 0.786 | 0.785 | 0.771 |
Government accounts | Gross public debt, Maastricht criterion, as a percentage of GDP | | 27.131 | 33.376 | 40.676 | 42.773 | 46.387 | 45.357 | 44.765 | 45.992 | 47.545 |
General government gross financial liabilities, as a percentage of GDP | | 34.344 | 41.437 | 49.293 | 53.139 | 59.941 | 59.348 | 58.756 | 59.983 | 61.536 |
General government net financial liabilities, as a percentage of GDP | | -3.824 | -6.135 | -4.574 | -1.714 | 3.089 | 7.286 | 8.640 | 9.868 | 11.421 |
Net government interest payments, as a percentage of GDP | | 0.362 | 0.035 | 0.354 | 0.489 | 0.627 | 0.559 | 0.517 | 0.468 | 0.458 |
Government net lending, as a percentage of GDP | | 4.799 | 3.283 | -2.767 | -2.719 | -2.044 | -3.941 | -1.491 | -1.459 | -1.881 |
Total disbursements, general government, as a percentage of GDP | | 50.806 | 51.522 | 58.091 | 57.735 | 57.720 | 59.424 | 57.712 | 57.451 | 56.792 |
Total receipts general government, as a percentage of GDP | | 55.605 | 54.805 | 55.324 | 55.016 | 55.676 | 55.483 | 56.221 | 55.992 | 54.911 |
Expenditure and GDP | Government final consumption expenditure, volume | | 419 185 000 000.000 | 427 189 000 000.000 | 436 306 000 000.000 | 437 225 000 000.000 | 430 960 000 000.000 | 432 720 000 000.000 | 434 766 716 167.038 | 437 017 306 053.007 | 439 554 756 934.754 |
Private final consumption expenditure, volume | | 794 952 000 000.000 | 792 482 000 000.000 | 763 844 000 000.000 | 774 101 000 000.000 | 768 541 000 000.000 | 767 661 000 000.000 | 768 876 296 769.683 | 779 568 775 704.298 | 794 291 036 085.203 |
Gross domestic product, value, market prices | | 1 695 262 000 000.000 | 1 753 153 000 000.000 | 1 664 790 000 000.000 | 1 760 051 000 000.000 | 1 791 773 000 000.000 | 1 825 583 000 000.000 | 1 860 651 695 679.710 | 1 911 773 680 855.870 | 1 977 469 528 767.550 |
Gross domestic product, volume, market prices | | 1 623 010 000 000.000 | 1 610 288 000 000.000 | 1 519 044 000 000.000 | 1 540 111 000 000.000 | 1 556 610 000 000.000 | 1 551 026 000 000.000 | 1 555 302 741 508.610 | 1 579 871 704 528.810 | 1 609 864 644 081.420 |
Private non-residential gross fixed capital formation, volume | | 221 676 869 152.048 | 223 236 566 333.604 | 186 066 967 366.791 | 181 243 980 195.330 | 177 749 701 995.453 | 182 354 947 899.528 | 185 718 439 982.123 | 194 678 891 159.318 | 205 001 314 293.557 |
Gross fixed capital formation, housing, volume | | 95 288 000 000.000 | 80 188 000 000.000 | 63 073 000 000.000 | 59 325 000 000.000 | 69 910 000 000.000 | 64 284 000 000.000 | 62 464 821 099.120 | 63 822 667 885.268 | 64 947 248 297.753 |
Gross fixed capital formation, total, volume | | 346 166 000 000.000 | 331 793 000 000.000 | 279 117 000 000.000 | 273 381 000 000.000 | 282 508 000 000.000 | 284 822 000 000.000 | 282 134 807 999.013 | 294 778 069 582.593 | 306 636 545 255.853 |
Total domestic expenditure, volume | | 1 581 080 068 829.560 | 1 567 280 676 959.980 | 1 458 512 714 282.370 | 1 480 583 357 964.130 | 1 483 762 219 272.840 | 1 481 714 119 385.220 | 1 490 089 661 626.830 | 1 512 122 578 567.820 | 1 540 764 786 778.610 |
Selected variables: ready-made growth rates | Government final consumption expenditure growth (volume) | | 1.342 | 1.909 | 2.134 | 0.211 | -1.433 | 0.408 | 0.473 | 0.518 | 0.581 |
Headline inflation | | 1.714 | 3.399 | 1.326 | 2.298 | 2.757 | 2.411 | 0.711 | 1.174 | 1.554 |
Private final consumption expenditure growth (volume) | | 3.027 | -0.311 | -3.614 | 1.343 | -0.718 | -0.115 | 0.158 | 1.391 | 1.889 |
Total employment, growth | | -0.057 | 1.741 | -2.878 | -2.327 | -0.128 | -0.520 | 0.105 | 0.346 | 0.492 |
Final domestic expenditure growth (volume) | | 1.968 | -0.577 | -4.630 | 0.360 | -0.213 | 0.216 | 0.049 | 1.692 | 1.900 |
GDP growth (volume) | | 1.583 | -0.784 | -5.666 | 1.387 | 1.071 | -0.359 | 0.276 | 1.580 | 1.898 |
Gross fixed capital formation growth (volume) | | 0.405 | -4.152 | -15.876 | -2.055 | 3.339 | 0.819 | -0.943 | 4.481 | 4.023 |
Imports of goods and services growth (volume) | | 4.288 | 3.341 | -12.262 | 3.509 | 5.889 | 0.899 | 1.363 | 3.234 | 4.508 |
Core inflation | | 1.438 | 2.179 | 2.355 | 1.864 | 1.764 | 1.813 | 1.207 | 1.362 | 1.525 |
Private final consumption expenditure, deflator, growth | | 1.236 | 2.709 | 1.530 | 2.673 | 2.733 | 2.779 | 1.300 | 1.327 | 1.544 |
Gross domestic product, deflator, market prices, annualised rate | | 2.279 | 4.232 | 0.664 | 4.276 | 0.723 | 2.254 | 1.641 | 1.150 | 1.509 |
Total domestic expenditure growth (volume) | | 2.294 | -0.873 | -6.940 | 1.513 | 0.215 | -0.138 | 0.565 | 1.479 | 1.894 |
Goods and services trade growth, USD, 2005 prices, annualised rate | | 3.505 | 3.339 | -10.836 | 3.246 | 6.458 | 0.635 | 1.048 | 3.239 | 4.378 |
Exports of goods and services growth (volume) | | 2.772 | 3.336 | -9.481 | 3.004 | 6.984 | 0.393 | 0.759 | 3.243 | 4.258 |
Export performance for total goods and services growth | | -4.153 | 0.712 | 2.298 | -7.585 | 0.972 | -1.391 | -0.702 | -0.899 | -0.856 |
Supply block | Output gap of the total economy | | 4.779 | 2.842 | -3.624 | -2.831 | -2.354 | -3.329 | -3.754 | -3.058 | -2.222 |
Potential output of total economy, volume | | 1 548 979 927 122.960 | 1 565 787 993 183.680 | 1 576 164 084 306.110 | 1 584 987 153 648.900 | 1 594 140 400 163.620 | 1 604 433 484 272.870 | 1 615 960 010 183.500 | 1 629 704 870 743.250 | 1 646 456 381 552.760 |
Productive capital stocks, volume | | 3 293 198 568 748.790 | 3 357 952 124 290.060 | 3 390 447 200 347.120 | 3 426 123 843 347.830 | 3 458 469 127 097.900 | 3 497 027 850 948.840 | 3 532 686 181 736.780 | 3 577 753 199 197.340 | 3 631 192 717 713.920 |
NAIRU - Unemployment rate with non-accelerating inflation rate | | 5.009 | 5.105 | 5.340 | 5.507 | 5.609 | 5.662 | 5.680 | 5.673 | 5.647 |
Cyclically adjusted government net lending, as a percentage of potential GDP | | 2.262 | 1.150 | -1.697 | -0.678 | -0.329 | -1.892 | 0.673 | 0.471 | -0.388 |
Underlying government net lending, as a percentage of potential GDP | | 1.842 | 1.263 | -1.828 | -0.686 | -0.178 | -0.441 | -0.101 | -0.259 | -0.343 |
Underlying government primary balance, as a percentage of potential GDP | | 2.222 | 1.300 | -1.487 | -0.211 | 0.434 | 0.100 | 0.397 | 0.195 | 0.105 |
Household sector accounts | Household and non-profit institutions serving households net saving ratio | | -3.966 | -3.704 | 0.066 | 0.043 | 0.651 | -0.734 | -1.060 | -1.448 | -1.429 |
Prices and deflators | Consumer price index | | 1.036 | 1.072 | 1.086 | 1.111 | 1.141 | 1.169 | 1.177 | 1.191 | 1.210 |
Private final consumption expenditure, deflator | | 1.032 | 1.060 | 1.076 | 1.105 | 1.135 | 1.167 | 1.182 | 1.198 | 1.216 |
Gross domestic product, deflator, market prices | | 1.045 | 1.089 | 1.096 | 1.143 | 1.151 | 1.177 | 1.196 | 1.210 | 1.228 |
Imports of goods and services, deflator, National Accounts basis | | 1.051 | 1.086 | 0.997 | 1.045 | 1.084 | 1.124 | 1.117 | 1.127 | 1.148 |
Exports of goods and services, deflator, National Accounts basis | | 1.044 | 1.095 | 1.000 | 1.087 | 1.100 | 1.140 | 1.152 | 1.158 | 1.179 |
Labour markets | Total employment | | 2 803 897.158 | 2 852 721.133 | 2 770 623.555 | 2 706 157.739 | 2 702 692.202 | 2 688 629.431 | 2 691 442.011 | 2 700 742.917 | 2 714 032.496 |
Labour force | | 2 913 563.824 | 2 955 471.133 | 2 947 373.555 | 2 924 907.739 | 2 923 858.869 | 2 907 712.764 | 2 893 118.701 | 2 893 911.758 | 2 903 517.505 |
Labour productivity of the total economy | | 1.001 | 0.977 | 0.954 | 0.991 | 1.004 | 1.003 | 1.004 | 1.017 | 1.031 |
Unit labour cost in total economy | | 1.074 | 1.141 | 1.206 | 1.201 | 1.201 | 1.220 | 1.230 | 1.233 | 1.239 |
Unemployment, level | | 109 666.667 | 102 750.000 | 176 750.000 | 218 750.000 | 221 166.667 | 219 083.333 | 201 676.689 | 193 168.840 | 189 485.010 |
Unemployment rate | | 3.764 | 3.477 | 5.997 | 7.479 | 7.564 | 7.535 | 6.971 | 6.675 | 6.526 |
Compensation rate, total economy | | 340 547.137 | 352 483.163 | 364 108.278 | 376 686.165 | 381 551.820 | 387 242.053 | 390 918.765 | 396 334.642 | 403 659.242 |
Monetary data | Long-term interest rate on government bonds | | 4.287 | 4.284 | 3.586 | 2.926 | 2.729 | 1.403 | 1.774 | 2.277 | 2.767 |
Short-term interest rate | | 4.421 | 5.263 | 2.499 | 1.248 | 1.384 | 0.620 | 0.228 | 0.055 | 0.345 |