External sectors, trade and payments | Current account balance as a percentage of GDP | Percentage |  | -4.102 | -1.962 | -2.910 | -1.285 | -1.023 | -1.123 | -1.940 | -0.237 | 2.453 | -1.463 | -3.720 | -3.501 | -2.852 |
Exchange rate, national currency per USD | Zloty |  | 3.252 | 3.160 | 3.154 | 3.770 | 3.944 | 3.779 | 3.611 | 3.839 | 3.899 | 3.861 | 4.509 | 4.829 | 4.829 |
Exchange rate, USD per national currency | US Dollar |  | 0.308 | 0.317 | 0.318 | 0.265 | 0.254 | 0.265 | 0.277 | 0.260 | 0.257 | 0.259 | 0.223 | 0.207 | 0.207 |
Exports of goods and services, volume in USD (national accounts basis) | US Dollar, 2015 |  | 191 528 850 955.725 | 201 235 709 272.957 | 212 331 724 276.228 | 226 322 743 934.860 | 246 702 080 938.523 | 269 018 758 452.211 | 287 200 586 425.613 | 302 529 312 522.652 | 299 238 087 919.039 | 336 499 205 917.304 | 348 762 587 573.028 | 353 081 440 992.132 | 358 411 762 568.152 |
Goods and services trade, volume in USD | US Dollar, 2015 |  | 187 821 425 412.928 | 194 338 012 769.934 | 208 665 214 353.243 | 221 377 929 960.707 | 239 919 331 709.012 | 262 588 608 519.797 | 281 315 627 682.254 | 293 376 351 812.131 | 288 302 431 992.766 | 329 296 765 745.681 | 346 318 935 620.266 | 351 560 999 069.745 | 356 889 980 760.048 |
Imports of goods and services, volume in USD (national accounts basis) | US Dollar, 2015 |  | 184 113 999 870.131 | 187 440 316 266.910 | 204 998 704 430.257 | 216 433 115 986.553 | 233 136 582 479.501 | 256 158 458 587.383 | 275 430 668 938.895 | 284 223 391 101.609 | 277 366 776 066.494 | 322 094 325 574.059 | 343 875 283 667.503 | 350 040 557 147.357 | 355 368 198 951.945 |
Government accounts | General government gross financial assets as a percentage of GDP | Percentage |  | 29.541 | 27.909 | 28.332 | 27.359 | 29.231 | 27.804 | 27.733 | 26.943 | 32.228 | 30.668 | 30.668 | 30.668 | 30.668 |
General government gross financial liabilities as a percentage of GDP | Ratio |  | 65.989 | 67.124 | 71.887 | 70.313 | 73.411 | 68.961 | 66.606 | 63.505 | 77.369 | 68.231 | 66.385 | 68.104 | 69.377 |
General government net lending as a percentage of GDP | Percentage |  | -3.816 | -4.268 | -3.669 | -2.600 | -2.399 | -1.492 | -0.249 | -0.743 | -6.923 | -1.837 | -3.492 | -4.942 | -4.023 |
General government primary balance as a percentage of GDP | Percentage |  | -1.509 | -2.035 | -1.943 | -1.033 | -0.848 | -0.073 | 1.019 | 0.458 | -5.750 | -0.837 | -2.445 | -3.497 | -2.187 |
Gross public debt, Maastricht criterion as a percentage of GDP | Percentage |  | 54.784 | 57.116 | 51.390 | 51.345 | 54.501 | 50.797 | 48.709 | 45.708 | 57.175 | 53.755 | 51.909 | 53.629 | 54.901 |
Expenditure and GDP | Change in inventories, contributions to changes in real GDP | Percentage, 2015 |  | -0.005 | -0.010 | 0.006 | -0.002 | 0.012 | 0.008 | 0.005 | -0.011 | -0.011 | 0.030 | 0.039 | -0.019 | 0.000 |
Exports of goods and services, volume (national accounts basis) | Zloty, 2015 |  | 722 185 000 000.000 | 758 786 000 000.000 | 800 625 000 000.000 | 853 380 000 000.000 | 930 223 000 000.000 | 1 014 371 000 000.000 | 1 082 928 000 000.000 | 1 140 727 000 000.000 | 1 128 317 000 000.000 | 1 268 815 000 000.000 | 1 315 055 711 187.090 | 1 331 340 522 279.060 | 1 351 439 208 550.960 |
Government final consumption expenditure, volume | Zloty, 2015 |  | 297 220 000 000.000 | 304 495 000 000.000 | 316 523 000 000.000 | 324 081 000 000.000 | 330 466 000 000.000 | 339 477 000 000.000 | 351 480 000 000.000 | 374 264 000 000.000 | 392 543 000 000.000 | 412 013 000 000.000 | 419 654 087 743.573 | 432 321 937 022.909 | 441 512 902 225.033 |
Gross capital formation, total, volume | Zloty, 2015 |  | 327 403 000 000.000 | 312 157 000 000.000 | 357 437 000 000.000 | 377 383 000 000.000 | 371 066 000 000.000 | 391 968 000 000.000 | 445 950 000 000.000 | 448 143 000 000.000 | 414 693 000 000.000 | 489 594 000 000.000 | 602 053 837 337.765 | 560 785 367 735.473 | 573 856 353 828.683 |
Gross domestic product, nominal value, market prices | Zloty |  | 1 612 739 000 000.000 | 1 630 126 000 000.000 | 1 700 552 000 000.000 | 1 798 471 000 000.000 | 1 853 205 000 000.000 | 1 982 794 000 000.000 | 2 126 506 000 000.000 | 2 288 492 000 000.000 | 2 337 672 000 000.000 | 2 623 948 000 000.000 | 3 058 543 289 478.190 | 3 361 836 597 300.250 | 3 628 471 617 443.530 |
Gross domestic product, volume in USD, at constant purchasing power parities | US Dollar, 2015 |  | 932 023 723 555.823 | 940 007 038 752.871 | 976 074 718 665.967 | 1 018 858 988 486.540 | 1 048 951 078 795.710 | 1 102 867 348 589.470 | 1 168 435 111 688.480 | 1 220 430 899 044.110 | 1 195 776 776 558.990 | 1 277 660 709 186.120 | 1 335 516 064 620.750 | 1 347 651 012 475.850 | 1 379 995 957 260.650 |
Gross domestic product, volume in USD, constant exchange rates | US Dollar, 2015 |  | 436 517 653 564.244 | 440 256 676 433.945 | 457 149 142 373.657 | 477 187 354 491.568 | 491 281 125 197.842 | 516 533 061 371.220 | 547 242 028 722.654 | 571 594 497 997.913 | 560 047 624 859.498 | 598 398 346 232.382 | 625 495 171 519.296 | 631 178 630 888.360 | 646 327 536 485.160 |
Gross domestic product, volume, market prices | Zloty, 2015 |  | 1 645 191 000 000.000 | 1 659 283 000 000.000 | 1 722 949 000 000.000 | 1 798 471 000 000.000 | 1 851 589 000 000.000 | 1 946 761 000 000.000 | 2 062 500 000 000.000 | 2 154 282 000 000.000 | 2 110 763 000 000.000 | 2 255 303 000 000.000 | 2 357 428 200 954.880 | 2 378 848 585 964.520 | 2 435 943 282 923.980 |
Gross fixed capital formation, total, volume | Zloty, 2015 |  | 306 767 000 000.000 | 307 535 000 000.000 | 343 477 000 000.000 | 367 238 000 000.000 | 339 274 000 000.000 | 344 853 000 000.000 | 388 414 000 000.000 | 412 659 000 000.000 | 403 332 000 000.000 | 411 602 000 000.000 | 436 674 513 393.139 | 441 948 270 449.406 | 457 361 505 663.795 |
Imports of goods and services, volume (national accounts basis) | Zloty, 2015 |  | 694 098 000 000.000 | 706 638 000 000.000 | 772 832 000 000.000 | 815 939 000 000.000 | 878 910 000 000.000 | 965 701 000 000.000 | 1 038 356 000 000.000 | 1 071 504 000 000.000 | 1 045 655 000 000.000 | 1 214 275 000 000.000 | 1 296 387 818 478.810 | 1 319 630 505 047.120 | 1 339 715 373 790.880 |
Net exports, contributions to changes in real GDP | Percentage, 2015 |  | 0.020 | 0.014 | -0.017 | 0.005 | 0.008 | -0.001 | -0.002 | 0.012 | 0.006 | -0.010 | -0.016 | -0.003 | 0.000 |
Private final consumption expenditure, volume | Zloty, 2015 |  | 989 686 000 000.000 | 989 012 000 000.000 | 1 020 916 000 000.000 | 1 059 566 000 000.000 | 1 098 744 000 000.000 | 1 166 581 000 000.000 | 1 220 490 000 000.000 | 1 262 043 000 000.000 | 1 218 670 000 000.000 | 1 295 177 000 000.000 | 1 352 908 955 358.550 | 1 380 297 041 265.610 | 1 414 982 553 097.530 |
Selected variables: ready-made growth rates | Core inflation | Percentage, 2015 |  | 2.044 | 1.202 | 0.733 | 0.451 | -0.188 | 0.704 | 0.757 | 1.881 | 3.848 | 4.057 | 8.693 | 7.831 | 4.360 |
Exports of goods and services, volume, growth (national accounts basis) | Percentage, 2015 |  | 3.971 | 5.068 | 5.514 | 6.589 | 9.005 | 9.046 | 6.759 | 5.337 | -1.088 | 12.452 | 3.644 | 1.238 | 1.510 |
Government final consumption expenditure, volume, growth | Percentage, 2015 |  | -0.304 | 2.448 | 3.950 | 2.388 | 1.970 | 2.727 | 3.536 | 6.482 | 4.884 | 4.960 | 1.855 | 3.019 | 2.126 |
Gross domestic product, market prices, deflator, growth | Percentage, 2015 |  | 2.224 | 0.220 | 0.465 | 1.317 | 0.087 | 1.762 | 1.230 | 3.032 | 4.255 | 5.052 | 11.513 | 8.927 | 5.401 |
Gross domestic product, nominal value, growth | Percentage |  | 3.804 | 1.078 | 4.320 | 5.758 | 3.043 | 6.993 | 7.248 | 7.617 | 2.149 | 12.246 | 16.563 | 9.916 | 7.931 |
Gross domestic product, volume, growth | Percentage, 2015 |  | 1.545 | 0.857 | 3.837 | 4.383 | 2.954 | 5.140 | 5.945 | 4.450 | -2.020 | 6.848 | 4.528 | 0.909 | 2.400 |
Gross fixed capital formation, total, volume, growth | Percentage, 2015 |  | -2.001 | 0.250 | 11.687 | 6.918 | -7.615 | 1.644 | 12.632 | 6.242 | -2.260 | 2.050 | 6.091 | 1.208 | 3.488 |
Headline inflation | Percentage, 2015 |  | 3.560 | 0.992 | 0.054 | -0.874 | -0.665 | 2.076 | 1.813 | 2.227 | 3.374 | 5.055 | 14.166 | 10.775 | 6.648 |
Imports of goods and services, volume, growth (national accounts basis) | Percentage, 2015 |  | -0.671 | 1.807 | 9.367 | 5.578 | 7.718 | 9.875 | 7.524 | 3.192 | -2.412 | 16.126 | 6.762 | 1.793 | 1.522 |
Private final consumption expenditure, volume, growth | Percentage, 2015 |  | 0.870 | -0.068 | 3.226 | 3.786 | 3.698 | 6.174 | 4.621 | 3.405 | -3.437 | 6.278 | 4.457 | 2.024 | 2.513 |
Household sector accounts | Net disposable income of households and non-profit institutions serving households | Zloty |  | 972 041 000 000.000 | 988 481 000 000.000 | 1 017 625 000 000.000 | 1 048 072 000 000.000 | 1 101 807 000 000.000 | 1 162 218 000 000.000 | 1 221 800 000 000.000 | 1 317 240 000 000.000 | 1 419 278 000 000.000 | 1 470 102 000 000.000 | 1 727 173 081 676.360 | 2 005 787 090 878.720 | 2 152 907 617 579.360 |
Prices and deflators | Consumer price index | Index, 2015 |  | 0.998 | 1.008 | 1.009 | 1.000 | 0.993 | 1.014 | 1.032 | 1.055 | 1.091 | 1.146 | 1.308 | 1.449 | 1.546 |
Core inflation index | Index, 2015 |  | 0.977 | 0.988 | 0.996 | 1.000 | 0.998 | 1.005 | 1.013 | 1.032 | 1.072 | 1.115 | 1.212 | 1.307 | 1.364 |
Exports of goods and services, deflator (national accounts basis) | Index, 2015 |  | 0.989 | 0.988 | 0.987 | 1.000 | 1.001 | 1.018 | 1.036 | 1.067 | 1.098 | 1.198 | 1.377 | 1.436 | 1.471 |
Gross domestic product, market prices, deflator | Index, 2015 |  | 0.980 | 0.982 | 0.987 | 1.000 | 1.001 | 1.019 | 1.031 | 1.062 | 1.108 | 1.163 | 1.297 | 1.413 | 1.490 |
Imports of goods and services, deflator (national accounts basis) | Index, 2015 |  | 1.045 | 1.033 | 1.014 | 1.000 | 0.997 | 1.011 | 1.038 | 1.057 | 1.058 | 1.178 | 1.407 | 1.462 | 1.487 |
Purchasing power parity, national currency per USD | Zloty |  | 1.796 | 1.762 | 1.767 | 1.765 | 1.733 | 1.743 | 1.748 | 1.787 | 1.791 | 1.837 | 1.895 | 1.906 | 1.906 |
Labour markets | Labour force | Persons |  | 16 849 500.000 | 16 902 000.000 | 17 020 000.000 | 17 027 000.000 | 16 978 250.000 | 17 033 000.000 | 16 942 500.000 | 16 840 750.000 | 16 765 000.000 | 17 235 500.000 | 17 259 972.449 | 17 263 490.191 | 17 263 490.191 |
Total employment (labour force survey basis) | Persons |  | 15 101 000.000 | 15 110 000.000 | 15 454 750.000 | 15 723 500.000 | 15 915 750.000 | 16 189 750.000 | 16 283 250.000 | 16 283 000.000 | 16 228 500.000 | 16 656 000.000 | 16 761 012.942 | 16 661 753.931 | 16 609 702.110 |
Unemployment rate | Percentage |  | 10.377 | 10.602 | 9.197 | 7.655 | 6.258 | 4.951 | 3.891 | 3.312 | 3.200 | 3.362 | 2.891 | 3.486 | 3.787 |
Monetary data | Long-term interest rate on government bonds | Percentage |  | 4.999 | 4.033 | 3.516 | 2.701 | 3.036 | 3.420 | 3.198 | 2.348 | 1.499 | 1.944 | 6.123 | 7.245 | 6.825 |
Short-term interest rate | Percentage |  | 4.875 | 2.976 | 2.489 | 1.738 | 1.702 | 1.729 | 1.711 | 1.718 | 0.595 | 0.605 | 6.274 | 8.298 | 7.235 |